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目   录
 
目录 3
摘要 3
Abstract 4
1 前言 5
1.1 课题研究的意义 5
1.2 相关领域发展历史和发展趋势 5
1.3 汽车振动的建模方法 6
1.4 主要研究内容 8
2 悬架工作过程分析 9
2.1 悬架的功用 9
2.2 悬架的组成 9
2.3 汽车悬架的分类 11
2.4 汽车悬架工作过程 13
3 MATLAB/Simulink简介 14
4路面激励的时域模型 16
4.1 路面不平度的功率谱密度 16
4.2 路面激励的时域模型 17
5汽车悬架的五*度模型 20
5.1 汽车模型简化的假设 20
5.2 五*度动力学模型 20
5.3 系统动力学方程 22
5.4 路面激励时域模型 24
5.5 悬架特性五*度仿真模型 25
5.5 某汽车振动仿真结果及分析 27
6 悬架特性分析与评价 32
6.1 汽车行驶速度对平顺性的影响分析 32
6.2 路面不平度对平顺性的影响分析 34
6.3 悬架弹性元件刚度对平顺性的影响分析 35
6.4 悬架减振器阻尼对平顺性的影响分析 38
7 结论 41
总结与体会 42
谢 辞 43
参考文献 44

路面不平度的数值模拟方法研究
摘    要
汽车平顺性是汽车的主要性能之一。它的优劣直接关系到驾驶员的驾驶舒适性和乘员的舒适性。如何提高汽车平顺性已成为汽车设计人员越来越关心的问题。随着随机振动理论的发展，计算机仿真也大量运用到汽车性能分析当中。
本文基于汽车振动动力学分析方法，建立五*度汽车振动模型。该五*度模型的五个*度包括纵向两车轮的两个*度、车身的两个*度和驾驶员一个*度。汽车振动模型的输入有路面不平度、车速。因此，本次采用白噪声法以白噪声作为输入建立了A、B、C、D各级路面模型。通过Matlab/ simulink软件建立仿真模型，以某汽车参数为基础仿真得到了汽车驾驶员加速度、悬架动挠度和车轮动载荷的仿真结果，这样得到了汽车平顺性与车速、路面不平度、悬架参数的关系。
通过仿真进行了悬架参数和路面模型的探讨，为汽车悬架设计时的参数匹配也有一定的实用价值，
关键词：汽车平顺性；五*度；路面模型；Matlab/simulink；悬架参数
Abstract
Vehicle ride comfort is one of Major performance. It is directly related to the driver’s driving comfort and occupant comfort. How to improve vehicle ride comfort has become a question that a car designer concerning. With the development of random vibration theory, computer simulation is also applied to the vehicle performance analysis.
Based on dynamic analysis of vehicle vibration, the five-DOF vehicle vibration model is established. The five DOFs include two DOFs of the two wheels, two DOFs of the body, and a DOF of the driver in the model. The vehicle vibration model’s inputs are surface roughness, speed. Therefore, this method using white noise as input to establish the A, B, C, D road model. By Matlab / simulink software, establish a simulation model to get simulation results of the car driver acceleration, suspension deflection and tire dynamic load to a motor vehicle based on simulation parameters, so get the relation between the car ride comfort and speed, road roughness, suspension parameters.
Simulation carried out by suspension of the model parameters and the road for vehicle suspension design parameters match has some practical value,
Key words：vehicle ride comfot, 5-DOF, road model, Matlab/simulink,suspension parameters