数据结构——链表(linkedlist)

基本分类:

1、单向链表

2、带尾指针的单向链表

3、双向循环链表

以下分类进行说明

1、单向链表

基本元素:*front  //头节点

     *next  //下一节点

声明:node<T>*p;

初始化:p=new node<T>(nodeValue,nextpointer);

简单遍历:

 template <typename T>
void writeLinkedList(node<T> *front)
{
node<T> *curr;
curr=front;
while(curr!=NULL)
{
cout<<curr->nodeValue<<" ";
curr=curr->next;
}
}

插入元素

- 插在表头:

node<T> *newnode;

newnode=new node<T>(item,front);  //使新节点的next指向头指针

front=newnode;  //使新节点成为头指针

- 插在某位置:

node<T> *prev=NULL,*curr=front;

while(curr->nodevalue!=searchItem){

  prev=curr;

  curr=curr->next;

}

newnode->next=curr;

prev->next=newnode;

删除元素

- 删表头

node<T> *curr=front;

front=front->next;

delete curr;

- 删某元素

node<T> *prev=NULL,*curr=front;

while(curr->nodevalue!=searchItem){

  prev=curr;

  curr=curr->next;

}

prev->next=curr->next;

delete curr;

具体代码实现:

 void eraseValue(node<T> *front,const T &target)
{
node<T>*curr=front,*prev=NULL;
bool FoundItem=false;
while(curr!=NULL && !FoundItem) //未到链表末尾且未找到节点
{
if(curr->nodeValue==target)
{
if(prev==NULL) //所删节点为头节点
front=front->next;
else
prev->next=curr->next;
delete curr;
FoundItem=true;
}
else
{
prev=curr;
curr=curr->next;
}
}
}

2、双指针单向链表

基本元素:单向链表的基础上加上

     *back  //尾指针

//各种操作与单向链表类似,加上在末尾插入数据和末尾删除,此处不一一列出

3、双向循环链表

表头(header):

  只包含prev指针和next指针 无data

dlinkedlist类

 class dnode
{
public:
T nodeValue;
dnode <T> *prev;
dnode <T> *next;
dnode(){
next=this;
prev=this;
//构造表头,不含nodeValue
}
dnode(const T & value):
nodeValue(value)
{
next=this;
prev=this;
}
dnode <T> *insert (dnode <T>*curr,const T&item)
{
dnode<T> *newNode,*prevNode;
newNode=new dnode<T>(item); //调用有参构造函数
prevNode=curr->prev; newNode->prev=prevNode;
newNode->next=curr;
prevNode->next=newNode;
curr->prev=newNode; return newNode;
}
void erase(dnode<T> *curr)
{
if(curr->next==curr)//只有表头 空list
return; curr->prev->next=curr->next;
curr->next->prev=curr->prev; delete curr;
}
void writeDlinkedlist(dnode<T> *header)//遍历
{
dnode<T> *p=header->next;
while(p!=header)
{
cout<<p->nodeValue<<" ";
p=p->next;
}
}
}
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