Centos7安 装python3+Selenium+chrome+chromedriver

1. 查看当前python版本

root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ ~]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug  7 2019, 00:51:29) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

可以看到执行python,默认是2.7  

2 安装python (可百度)

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make libffi-devel 

编译python源码时,需要一些依赖包,一次安装完毕

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.1/Python-3.8.1.tgz
# 解压压缩包
tar -zxvf Python-3.8.1.tgz  

# 进入文件夹
cd Python-3.8.1

# 配置安装位置
./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3

# 安装
make && make install

 如果最后没提示出错,就代表正确安装了,在/usr/local/目录下就会有python3目录

 

root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ local]# cd /usr/local/
[root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ local]# ls
aegis  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  python3  sbin  share  src 

6. 添加软连接

 

 

#添加python3的软链接 
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3 

#添加 pip3 的软链接 
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3 

好了,我们来测试一下python3

[root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ local]# python3
Python 3.8.1 (default, Feb  4 2020, 11:28:31) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>  

 言归正转进入正题

2.chrome安装和chromedriver下载

1 chrome下载安装

yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm 

 查看 google 浏览器版本     google-chrome --version  

2 chromedriver下载,我下载的和版本对应的

 drive镜像网站   https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/

如果 没有一样的版本号按距离版本号最近的下载

 

下载下来的包     unzip   xxx.zip 

3 chromedriver下载后拷贝,到/usr/local/bin/目录下,并且赋可执行的权限:

chmod -R 744 /usr/local/bin/chromedriver

不然在运行程序或或者重启程序时,容易报错:selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH

 

pip3 install selenium

 test.py

 

from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument(' headless')
options.add_argument(' no-sandbox')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/chromedriver',options=options)
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

print(driver.page_source)
print(driver.title)
driver.close()

 

  Centos7安 装python3+Selenium+chrome+chromedriver

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. 安装依赖包

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make libffi-devel

编译python源码时,需要一些依赖包,一次安装完毕

3. 安装wget

yum install wget

这个包是为了下载python源码用的

4. 下载源码包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.1/Python-3.8.1.tgz

我是下载的最新的python3.8,如果想安装其他版本,去python官网下载页面下载对应的版本即可。
但是这个下载链接比较慢,我是用迅雷下载到本地之后,再scp到服务器的。

5. 解压安装

# 解压压缩包
tar -zxvf Python-3.8.1.tgz  

# 进入文件夹
cd Python-3.8.1

# 配置安装位置
./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3

# 安装
make && make install

如果最后没提示出错,就代表正确安装了,在/usr/local/目录下就会有python3目录

[root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ local]# cd /usr/local/
[root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ local]# ls
aegis  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  python3  sbin  share  src

6. 添加软连接

#添加python3的软链接 
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3 

#添加 pip3 的软链接 
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3

好了,我们来测试一下python3

[root@iZwz99sau950q2nhb3pn0aZ local]# python3
Python 3.8.1 (default, Feb  4 2020, 11:28:31) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

这里我没有链接到python上,是因为yum要用到python2才能执行,所以现在输入python的话还是会进入python2.7,输入python3才会进入python3.8

如果执意想要链接到python的话,就得修改一下yum的配置:

vi /usr/bin/yum 
把 #! /usr/bin/python 修改为 #! /usr/bin/python2 

vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down 
把 #! /usr/bin/python 修改为 #! /usr/bin/python2



2.chrome安装和chromedriver下载
chrome下载安装

yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

 

   查看 google 浏览器版本     google-chrome --version

 

chromedriver下载,我下载的和版本对应的

 drive镜像网站   https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/

 

下载下来的包     unzip   xxx.zip 

 

chromedriver下载后拷贝,到/usr/local/bin/目录下,并且赋可执行的权限:

 

chmod -R 744 /usr/local/bin/chromedriver

 

不然在运行程序或或者重启程序时,容易报错:selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH

   

3.安装selenium,使用是的python3

pip3 install selenium

   

测试开始:
创建一个名字为test目录,目录结构如下:

[root@localhost test]# tree                                                         
├── chromedriver
└── test.py

 

test.py测试代码如下:chrome界面浏览


from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument(' headless')
options.add_argument(' no-sandbox')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/chromedriver',options=options)
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

print(driver.page_source)
print(driver.title)
driver.close()

 

测试运行看看

python test.py

   一般不会有任何问题

借鉴https://blog.csdn.net/lizhou828/article/details/102954993

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