实验：
在linux环境下，编译（英文）*.bib和*.tex文件，生成pdf文件。
环境：
fedora 20(uname -a : Linux localhost.localdomain 3.19.8-100.fc20.i686+PAE #1 SMP Tue May 12 17:27:49 UTC 2015 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux)
texlive(yum info texlive :
...
名称 ：texlive
架构 ：i686
时期 ：3
版本 ：2013
发布 ：6.20131226_r32488.fc20)
...)
文件及内容：
1.
@article{DK89,
author = "Donald Knuth",
title = "Typesetting Concrete Mathematics",
journal = "TUGboat",
volume = 10,
number = 1,
pages = "31--36",
month = Apr,
year = 1989
}
tex.bib
2.
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\section*{Recommended texts}
To study \TeX\ in depth, set \cite{DK89}.
\bibliographystyle{alpha}
\bibliography{tex}
\end{document}
bb.tex
编译命令及输出
1 . pdflatex bb.tex
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.6-1.40.14 (TeX Live 2014/dev)
restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(./bb.tex
LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>
Babel <3.9h> and hyphenation patterns for 2 languages loaded.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))
No file bb.aux. LaTeX Warning: Citation `DK89' on page 1 undefined on input line 5. No file bb.bbl.
[1{/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}] (./bb.aux
) LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references. )</usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx10.pfb></us
r/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx12.pfb></usr/shar
e/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr10.pfb>
Output written on bb.pdf (1 page, 31680 bytes).
Transcript written on bb.log.
输出
目录下会生成bb.aux、bb.log、bb.pdf三个个文件。bb.aux有用。 bb.pdf文件内参考文献，没有正确显示出来。只显示"?"，表明还没有引用。
2. bibtex bb
This is BibTeX, Version 0.99d (TeX Live 2014/dev)
The top-level auxiliary file: bb.aux
The style file: alpha.bst
Database file #1: tex.bib
输出
生成 bb.bbl，bb.blg两个文件。这两个文件都是字符文件，可查看。其中*.bbl内容就是要插入到*.tex中去的。注意命令中，文件名字是bb，而不是bb.tex。
3. pdflatex bb.tex
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.6-1.40.14 (TeX Live 2014/dev)
restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(./bb.tex
LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>
Babel <3.9h> and hyphenation patterns for 2 languages loaded.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo)) (./bb.aux) LaTeX Warning: Citation `DK89' on page 1 undefined on input line 5. (./bb.bbl
Underfull \hbox (badness 1383) in paragraph at lines 4--7
[]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 Donald Knuth. Type-set-ting con-crete math-e-mat-ics. \OT1/
cmr/m/it/10 TUG-boat\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 ,
) [1{/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}]
(./bb.aux) LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references. LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed. Rerun to get cross-references right. )
(see the transcript file for additional information)</usr/share/texlive/texmf-d
ist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx10.pfb></usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fo
nts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx12.pfb></usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/ty
pe1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr10.pfb></usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/pub
lic/amsfonts/cm/cmti10.pfb>
Output written on bb.pdf (1 page, 44894 bytes).
Transcript written on bb.log.
输出
无新文件生成，但查看bb.pdf，其中的参考文献已经显示出来，但正文中对参考文献的引用依然显示为"?"，没有正确（产生交叉）引用。
4. pdflatex bb.tex
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.6-1.40.14 (TeX Live 2014/dev)
restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(./bb.tex
LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>
Babel <3.9h> and hyphenation patterns for 2 languages loaded.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo)) (./bb.aux) (./bb.bbl Underfull \hbox (badness 1383) in paragraph at lines 4--7
[]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 Donald Knuth. Type-set-ting con-crete math-e-mat-ics. \OT1/
cmr/m/it/10 TUG-boat\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 ,
) [1{/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}]
(./bb.aux) )
(see the transcript file for additional information)</usr/share/texlive/texmf-d
ist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx12.pfb></usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fo
nts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr10.pfb></usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/typ
e1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmti10.pfb>
Output written on bb.pdf (1 page, 36047 bytes).
Transcript written on bb.log.
输出
此时，用evince bb.pdf查看生成的pdf，已经是一份正式的档了。
总结：
为了编译出出正确的pdf文件，需要执行4条命令完成整个编译过程。
留意：
只试了英文，没试中文。中文需要cjk等支持，没有实验。
参考文献条目内的空格似乎过大。不知是否有插件可以显示得更好。