1. 安装支持ceph的内核模块
可选:
centos/ubuntu:
yum install -y ceph-common
或
apt install -y ceph-common
2. 拷贝认证密钥
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~/ceph-cluster$ sudo scp ceph.conf ceph.client.admin.keyring root@<客户端服务器IP>:/etc/ceph
测试获取集群信息:
客户端测试是否能够获取集群信息:
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: fbcd7dfd-c0b1-420e-a1c3-5eb5002c0cd3
health: HEALTH_WARN
clock skew detected on mon.ceph-mon02
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph-mon01,ceph-mon02,ceph-mon03 (age 43m)
mgr: ceph-mgr01(active, since 25h), standbys: ceph-mgr02
osd: 8 osds: 8 up (since 44m), 8 in (since 31h)
data:
pools: 3 pools, 97 pgs
objects: 39 objects, 30 MiB
usage: 284 MiB used, 2.3 TiB / 2.3 TiB avail
pgs: 97 active+clean
能够获取说明没问题了
3. 创建存储资源。特性配置
使用myrbd1存储池创建一个myimg1的块设备
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ rbd create myimg1 --size 5G --pool myrbd1
使用myrbd1存储池创建一个myimg2的块设备
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ rbd create myimg2 --size 3G --pool myrbd1 --image-format 2 --image-feature layering
检查:
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ rbd ls --pool myrbd1
myimg1
myimg2
关系图:
Ceph 集群
├── 存储池（Pool）
├── myrbd1
├── myimg1（RBD 映像）
└── myimg2（RBD 映像）
#查看指定rbd信息
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ rbd --image myimg1 --pool myrbd1 info
rbd image 'myimg1':
size 5 GiB in 1280 objects
order 22 (4 MiB objects)
snapshot_count: 0
id: 6251552d851b
block_name_prefix: rbd_data.6251552d851b
format: 2
features: layering, exclusive-lock, object-map, fast-diff, deep-flatten #配置的特性
op_features:
flags:
create_timestamp: Wed May 29 21:50:49 2024
access_timestamp: Wed May 29 21:50:49 2024
modify_timestamp: Wed May 29 21:50:49 2024
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~/ceph-cluster$ rbd --image myimg2 --pool myrbd1 info
rbd image 'myimg2':
size 3 GiB in 768 objects
order 22 (4 MiB objects)
snapshot_count: 0
id: 1deb2b0c736e
block_name_prefix: rbd_data.1deb2b0c736e
format: 2
features: layering
op_features:
flags:
create_timestamp: Wed May 29 22:29:56 2024
access_timestamp: Wed May 29 22:29:56 2024
modify_timestamp: Wed May 29 22:29:56 2024
特性的关闭[可选]:
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~/ceph-cluster$ rbd feature disable myrbd1/myimg1 object-map fast-diff deep-flatten
检查当前状态:
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ ceph df
--- RAW STORAGE ---
CLASS SIZE AVAIL USED RAW USED %RAW USED
ssd 2.3 TiB 2.3 TiB 296 MiB 296 MiB 0.01
TOTAL 2.3 TiB 2.3 TiB 296 MiB 296 MiB 0.01
--- POOLS ---
POOL ID PGS STORED OBJECTS USED %USED MAX AVAIL
.mgr 1 1 577 KiB 2 1.7 MiB 0 760 GiB
myrbd1 11 64 405 B 7 48 KiB 0 760 GiB
#这里些的760G 实际上是 2.3T 除以3得到的。因为是三副本
可选操作:
查看是不是3副本:
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ ceph osd pool get myrbd1 size
size: 3
修改副本数:
cephadmin@ceph-deploy:~$ ceph osd pool set myrbd1 size 3
3. 客户端进行测试
客户端测试是否能够获取集群信息:
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: fbcd7dfd-c0b1-420e-a1c3-5eb5002c0cd3
health: HEALTH_WARN
clock skew detected on mon.ceph-mon02
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph-mon01,ceph-mon02,ceph-mon03 (age 43m)
mgr: ceph-mgr01(active, since 25h), standbys: ceph-mgr02
osd: 8 osds: 8 up (since 44m), 8 in (since 31h)
data:
pools: 3 pools, 97 pgs
objects: 39 objects, 30 MiB
usage: 284 MiB used, 2.3 TiB / 2.3 TiB avail
pgs: 97 active+clean
4.客户端映射ceph存储到本地:
1. 手动映射:
把myrbd1映射磁盘到本机:
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# rbd -p myrbd1 map myimg1
/dev/rbd0
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# rbd -p myrbd1 map myimg2
/dev/rbd1
检查现有ceph映射的磁盘
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 190M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 99.8G 0 part /
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
rbd0 253:0 0 5G 0 disk
rbd1 253:16 0 3G 0 disk
取消映射[可选]:
rbd unmap /dev/rbd1
查看:
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# ceph osd pool ls
.mgr
myrbd1
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# rbd ls --pool myrbd1
myimg1
myimg2
3. 自动映射(配置为系统服务)
3.1. 创建配置文件，写入挂载点镜像等
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# cat /etc/rbd_mount.conf
myrbd1
myimg1 /mysql-1
myimg2 /mysql-1
3.2. 创建挂载脚本
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# cat /etc/init.d/ceph-mount-rbd.sh
内容如下:
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 20 80
# description: 自动挂载 Ceph RBD 设备
log_file="/var/log/ceph-mount.log"
mapping_file="/etc/rbd_mapping"
log() {
echo "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" >> "$log_file"
}
log "脚本开始运行"
case "$1" in
start)
log "读取配置文件并挂载 RBD 设备"
if [ ! -f "$mapping_file" ]; then
touch "$mapping_file"
fi
pool=""
declare -A mappings
# 读取现有的映射关系
if [ -s "$mapping_file" ]; then
while read -r line; do
device=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $1}')
mount_point=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $2}')
mappings[$mount_point]=$device
done < "$mapping_file"
fi
# 清空映射文件
> "$mapping_file"
# 读取配置文件
while read -r line; do
log "读取行：$line"
# 忽略注释行和空行
if [[ $line =~ ^# ]] || [[ -z $line ]]; then
log "跳过行：$line"
continue
fi
# 解析配置
if [[ $line =~ ^\ *([^\ ]+)\ *$ ]]; then
pool=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
log "设置 pool 为：$pool"
elif [[ $line =~ ^\ *([^\ ]+)\ *([^\ ]+)\ *$ ]]; then
image=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
mount_point=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}
log "挂载 Ceph RBD 设备 $image 到 $mount_point"
# 如果没有映射，进行映射
mapped_device=$(rbd map -p "$pool" "$image" --id admin --keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring)
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
log "RBD 映射失败"
exit 1
fi
log "映射到的设备：$mapped_device"
if [ -n "$mapped_device" ]; then
# 等待设备出现在 /dev 中
udevadm settle
if [ ! -e "$mapped_device" ]; then
log "设备 $mapped_device 不存在，等待 udev 处理"
sleep 5
fi
if [ ! -e "$mapped_device" ]; then
log "设备 $mapped_device 仍然不存在，映射失败"
exit 1
fi
# 记录映射
echo "$mapped_device $mount_point" >> "$mapping_file"
# 检查是否已格式化
fs_type=$(blkid -o value -s TYPE "$mapped_device")
if [ -z "$fs_type" ]; then
log "设备未格式化，正在格式化设备：$mapped_device"
mkfs.ext4 "$mapped_device"
else
log "设备已格式化，文件系统类型：$fs_type"
fi
# 挂载设备
mkdir -p "$mount_point"
mount "$mapped_device" "$mount_point"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
log "挂载成功：$mapped_device 到 $mount_point"
else
log "挂载失败：$mapped_device 到 $mount_point"
exit 1
fi
else
log "无法找到映射的设备"
exit 1
fi
else
log "无效的配置行：$line"
fi
done < /etc/rbd_mount.conf
;;
stop)
log "停止所有挂载并解除映射"
# 读取映射文件
if [ -s "$mapping_file" ];then
while read -r line; do
device=$(echo $line | awk '{print $1}')
mount_point=$(echo $line | awk '{print $2}')
# 卸载设备
umount "$mount_point"
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
log "卸载成功：$device 从 $mount_point"
else
log "卸载失败：$device 从 $mount_point"
fi
# 解除映射
rbd unmap "$device"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
log "解除映射成功：$device"
else
log "解除映射失败：$device"
fi
done < "$mapping_file"
fi
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
chmon a+x /etc/init.d/ceph-mount-rbd.sh
创建服务启动配置文件:
vim /etc/systemd/system/ceph-rbd-mount.service
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
[Unit]
Description=Ceph RBD 自动挂载服务
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/ceph-mount-rbd.sh start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/ceph-mount-rbd.sh stop
RemainAfterExit=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable rbd-mount.service
systemctl start rbd-mount.service
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 980M 0 980M 0% /dev
tmpfs 991M 0 991M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 991M 9.6M 981M 1% /run
tmpfs 991M 0 991M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2 100G 3.1G 97G 4% /
/dev/sda1 187M 109M 78M 59% /boot
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/rbd0 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /mysql-1
/dev/rbd1 2.9G 9.0M 2.8G 1% /mysql-2
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# cat /etc/rbd_m
rbd_mapping rbd_mount.conf
[root@ceph-client-centos ~]# cat /etc/rbd_mount.conf
myrbd1
myimg1 /mysql-1
myimg2 /mysql-2
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