本文目录
1. 摘要
2. Redis配置
3. RedisHelper
4．使用实例 5. 总结
1. 摘要
由于內存存取速度远高于磁盘读取的特性，为了程序效率提高性能，通常会把常用的不常变动的数据存储在系统内存中，提升数据读取的速度，在C#下常见的内存操作有微软自带的内存处理、分布式缓存Memcached以及Redis,这里我们介绍Redis分布式缓存，另外两种缓存处理参考《Asp.Net Core 2.0 项目实战（8）Core下缓存操作、序列化操作、JSON操作等Helper集合类》介绍了基于Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory封装CacheHelper缓存帮助类；《Asp.Net Core 2.0 项目实战（5）Memcached踩坑，基于EnyimMemcachedCore整理MemcachedHelper帮助类。》Memcached帮助类。
2. Redis配置
在appsettings.json添加相关配置，配置读写redis服务器,多服务器用逗号隔开。
//redis分布式缓存
"RedisConfig": {
//是否打开缓存1是0否
"IsOpenCache": "0",
"ReadWriteHosts": "192.168.1.2:6379,192.168.1.3:6379,password=123456",
"ReadOnlyHosts": "192.168.1.2:6379,password=123456"
}
3. RedisHelper
添加Nuget包StackExchange.Redis和Newtonsoft.Json；设置Key/Value，删除redis缓存。本帮助类我仅本地两台电脑测试过，生产环境暂未使用，现仅供参考。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; using StackExchange.Redis;
using Newtonsoft.Json; namespace NC.Common
{
public class RedisHelper
{
//单例模式
public static RedisCommon Default{get { return new RedisCommon(); } }
public static RedisCommon One { get { return new RedisCommon(1, "127.0.0.1:6379"); } }
public static RedisCommon Two { get { return new RedisCommon(2, "127.0.0.1:6379"); } }
}
/// <summary>
/// Redis操作类
/// 老版用的是ServiceStack.Redis。
/// Net Core使用StackExchange.Redis的nuget包
/// </summary>
public class RedisCommon
{
public static ILogger Log = UtilLogger<RedisCommon>.Log;//日志记录
//redis数据库连接字符串
private string _conn = UtilConf.Configuration["RedisConfig:ReadWriteHosts"] ?? "127.0.0.1:6379";
private int _db = 0;
//静态变量 保证各模块使用的是不同实例的相同链接
private static ConnectionMultiplexer connection;
public RedisCommon() { }
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="db"></param>
/// <param name="connectStr"></param>
public RedisCommon(int db, string connectStr)
{
_conn = connectStr;
_db = db;
}
/// <summary>
/// 缓存数据库，数据库连接
/// </summary>
public ConnectionMultiplexer CacheConnection
{
get
{
try
{
if (connection == null || !connection.IsConnected)
{
connection = new Lazy<ConnectionMultiplexer>(() => ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(_conn)).Value;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Log.LogError("RedisHelper->CacheConnection 出错\r\n" + ex.ToString());
return null;
}
return connection;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 缓存数据库
/// </summary>
public IDatabase CacheRedis => CacheConnection.GetDatabase(_db); #region --KEY/VALUE存取--
/// <summary>
/// 单条存值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">key</param>
/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
/// <returns><c>true</c> if XXXX, <c>false</c> otherwise.</returns>
public bool StringSet(string key, string value)
{
return CacheRedis.StringSet(key, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 保存单个key value
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">Redis Key</param>
/// <param name="value">保存的值</param>
/// <param name="expiry">过期时间</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool StringSet(string key, string value, TimeSpan? expiry = default(TimeSpan?))
{
return CacheRedis.StringSet(key, value, expiry);
}
/// <summary>
/// 保存多个key value
/// </summary>
/// <param name="arr">key</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool StringSet(KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>[] arr)
{
return CacheRedis.StringSet(arr);
}
/// <summary>
/// 批量存值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keysStr">key</param>
/// <param name="valuesStr">The value.</param>
/// <returns><c>true</c> if XXXX, <c>false</c> otherwise.</returns>
public bool StringSetMany(string[] keysStr, string[] valuesStr)
{
var count = keysStr.Length;
var keyValuePair = new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>[count];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
keyValuePair[i] = new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>(keysStr[i], valuesStr[i]);
} return CacheRedis.StringSet(keyValuePair);
} /// <summary>
/// 保存一个对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool SetStringKey<T>(string key, T obj, TimeSpan? expiry = default(TimeSpan?))
{
string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj);
return CacheRedis.StringSet(key, json, expiry);
}
/// <summary>
/// 追加值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="value"></param>
public void StringAppend(string key, string value)
{
////追加值，返回追加后长度
long appendlong = CacheRedis.StringAppend(key, value);
} /// <summary>
/// 获取单个key的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">Redis Key</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public RedisValue GetStringKey(string key)
{
return CacheRedis.StringGet(key);
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据Key获取值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">键值</param>
/// <returns>System.String.</returns>
public string StringGet(string key)
{
try
{
return CacheRedis.StringGet(key);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Log.LogError("RedisHelper->StringGet 出错\r\n" + ex.ToString());
return null;
}
} /// <summary>
/// 获取多个Key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="listKey">Redis Key集合</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public RedisValue[] GetStringKey(List<RedisKey> listKey)
{
return CacheRedis.StringGet(listKey.ToArray());
}
/// <summary>
/// 批量获取值
/// </summary>
public string[] StringGetMany(string[] keyStrs)
{
var count = keyStrs.Length;
var keys = new RedisKey[count];
var addrs = new string[count]; for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
keys[i] = keyStrs[i];
}
try
{ var values = CacheRedis.StringGet(keys);
for (var i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
addrs[i] = values[i];
}
return addrs;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Log.LogError("RedisHelper->StringGetMany 出错\r\n" + ex.ToString());
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取一个key的对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public T GetStringKey<T>(string key)
{
return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(CacheRedis.StringGet(key));
} #endregion #region --删除设置过期--
/// <summary>
/// 删除单个key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">redis key</param>
/// <returns>是否删除成功</returns>
public bool KeyDelete(string key)
{
return CacheRedis.KeyDelete(key);
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除多个key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keys">rediskey</param>
/// <returns>成功删除的个数</returns>
public long KeyDelete(RedisKey[] keys)
{
return CacheRedis.KeyDelete(keys);
}
/// <summary>
/// 判断key是否存储
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">redis key</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool KeyExists(string key)
{
return CacheRedis.KeyExists(key);
}
/// <summary>
/// 重新命名key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">就的redis key</param>
/// <param name="newKey">新的redis key</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool KeyRename(string key, string newKey)
{
return CacheRedis.KeyRename(key, newKey);
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除hasekey
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="hashField"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool HaseDelete(RedisKey key, RedisValue hashField)
{
return CacheRedis.HashDelete(key, hashField);
}
/// <summary>
/// 移除hash中的某值
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="dataKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool HashRemove(string key, string dataKey)
{
return CacheRedis.HashDelete(key, dataKey);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置缓存过期
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="datetime"></param>
public void SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime)
{
CacheRedis.KeyExpire(key, datetime);
}
#endregion }
}
4. 使用实例
在HomeCtroller控制器中添加测试redis方法如下：写；读；删除。
public IActionResult Index()
{
#region --测试redis--
RedisHelper.Default.StringSet("redis", "redis" + DateTime.Now, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1000000));
ViewData["redis"] = RedisHelper.Default.StringGet("redis");
//RedisHelper.Default.KeyDelete("redis");
#endregion
return View();
}
5. 总结
Redis读写速度快性能高，但部署到生产环境中要注意端口、密码设置，最好是部署在内网环境中，另由于之前都是使用ServiceStack.Redis，由于ServiceStack.Redis v4版本后是收费版的，好像还有每小时6000次访问请求的问题需注意，具体这俩请自行搜索对比。Redis 有五种常用数据类型，字符串类型（string），散列类型（hash），列表类型（list），集合类型（set），有序集合类型（zset）参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/mingtianct/p/6291593.html；这里我暂只处理了string类型，上面我测试的方法有限，其他类型各位可自行补充，网上有很多案例。