//本文讲解：启动server时，如何配置capabilities 和 flag。可以将不同client端需要的通用的capabilities都放到server端配置。
Requirements
Installed Node.js 0.12 or greater.
At least an appium server instance installed via npm.
The basic principle.
It works the similar way as common ChromeDriver, InternetExplorerDriver of Selenium project or PhantomJSDriver. They use subclasses of the DriverService.
Which capabilities this feature provides
This feature providese abilities and options of the starting of a local Appium node server. End users still able to open apps as usual
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, "");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "Android Emulator");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, app.getAbsolutePath());
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, 120);
driver = new AndroidDriver<>(new URL("remoteOrLocalAddress"), capabilities);
when the server is launched locally\remotely. Also user is free to launch a local Appium node server and open their app for the further testing the following way:
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, "");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "Android Emulator");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, app.getAbsolutePath());
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, 120);
driver = new AndroidDriver<>(capabilities);
How to prepare the local service before the starting
If there is no specific parameters then
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.AppiumDriverLocalService;
... AppiumDriverLocalService service = AppiumDriverLocalService.buildDefaultService();
service.start();
...
service.stop();
FYI
There are possible problems related to local environment which could break this:
AppiumDriverLocalService service = AppiumDriverLocalService.buildDefaultService();
It is more usual for UNIX/LINUX-like OS's. Also there are situations when should be used an another Node.JS instance, e.g. the instance which is installed in the directory that differs from one defined at the PATH environmental variable. The same may be true for Appium node server (it is related to appium.js file (v <= 1.4.16) and main.js (v >= 1.5.0)).
At this case user is able to set up values of the NODE_BINARY_PATH (The environmental variable used to define the path to executable NodeJS file (node.exe for WIN and node for Linux/MacOS X)) and the APPIUM_BINARY_PATH (The environmental variable used to define the path to executable appium.js (1.4.x and lower) or main.js (1.5.x and higher)) environmental variables/system properties. Also it is possible to define these values programmatically:
//appium.node.js.exec.path
System.setProperty(AppiumServiceBuilder.NODE_PATH ,
"the path to the desired node.js executable"); System.setProperty(AppiumServiceBuilder.APPIUM_PATH ,
"the path to the desired appium.js or main.js"); AppiumDriverLocalService service = AppiumDriverLocalService.buildDefaultService();
If there should be non default parameters specified then
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.AppiumDriverLocalService;
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.AppiumServiceBuilder;
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.flags.GeneralServerFlag;
... AppiumDriverLocalService service = AppiumDriverLocalService.
buildService(new AppiumServiceBuilder().
withArgument(GeneralServerFlag.TEMP_DIRECTORY,
"The_path_to_the_temporary_directory"));
or
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.AppiumDriverLocalService;
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.AppiumServiceBuilder;
import io.appium.java_client.service.local.flags.GeneralServerFlag;
... AppiumDriverLocalService service = new AppiumServiceBuilder().
withArgument(GeneralServerFlag.TEMP_DIRECTORY,
"The_path_to_the_temporary_directory").build();
Lists of available server side flags are here:
- io.appium.java_client.service.local.flags.GeneralServerFlag;
- io.appium.java_client.service.local.flags.AndroidServerFlag;
- io.appium.java_client.service.local.flags.IOSServerFlag
Which parameters also can be defined
- If it is necessary to define some specific port or any free port
new AppiumServiceBuilder().usingPort(4000);
or
new AppiumServiceBuilder().usingAnyFreePort();
- If it is necessary to use another IP address
new AppiumServiceBuilder().withIPAddress("127.0.0.1");
- If it is necessary to define output log file
import java.io.File;
... new AppiumServiceBuilder().withLogFile(logFile);
- If it is necessary to define another Node.js executable file
import java.io.File; ... new AppiumServiceBuilder().usingDriverExecutable(nodeJSExecutable);
- If it is necessary to define another appium.js/main.js file
import java.io.File; ...
//appiumJS is the full or relative path to
//the appium.js (v<=1.4.16) or maim.js (v>=1.5.0)
new AppiumServiceBuilder().withAppiumJS(new File(appiumJS));
- It is possible to define server capabilities (node server v >= 1.5.0)
DesiredCapabilities serverCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
...//the capability filling AppiumServiceBuilder builder = new AppiumServiceBuilder().
withCapabilities(serverCapabilities);
AppiumDriverLocalService service = builder.build();
service.start();
...
service.stop();
Capabilities which are used by a builder can be completed/orerriden any similar way://server端与client端配合，配置capability的例子
DesiredCapabilities serverCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
serverCapabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, "Android");
serverCapabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "Android Emulator");
serverCapabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.FULL_RESET, true);
serverCapabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, 60);
serverCapabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, app.getAbsolutePath());
serverCapabilities.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.CHROMEDRIVER_EXECUTABLE,
chrome.getAbsolutePath()); //this capability set can be used for all cases AppiumServiceBuilder builder = new AppiumServiceBuilder().
withCapabilities(serverCapabilities);
AppiumDriverLocalService service = builder.build(); DesiredCapabilities clientCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
clientCapabilities.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.APP_PACKAGE,
"io.appium.android.apis");
clientCapabilities.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.APP_ACTIVITY,
".view.WebView1");
then
AndroidDriver<MobileElement> driver =
new AndroidDriver<>(service, clientCapabilities);
or
AndroidDriver<MobileElement> driver =
new AndroidDriver<>(builder, clientCapabilities);
or
service.start();
AndroidDriver<MobileElement> driver =
new AndroidDriver<>(service.getUrl(), clientCapabilities);
How to create an AppiumDriver instance
Many constructors of AndroidDriver/IOSDriver use AppiumDriverLocalService or AppiumServiceBuilder as parameters. The list of constructors is below.
public AndroidDriver(URL remoteAddress,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(URL remoteAddress,
org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(AppiumDriverLocalService service,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(AppiumDriverLocalService service,
org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(AppiumServiceBuilder builder,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(AppiumServiceBuilder builder,
org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public AndroidDriver(org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities)
public IOSDriver(URL remoteAddress,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(URL remoteAddress,
org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(AppiumDriverLocalService service,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(AppiumDriverLocalService service,
org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(AppiumServiceBuilder builder,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(AppiumServiceBuilder builder,
org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpClient.Factory httpClientFactory,
org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities) public IOSDriver(org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities desiredCapabilities)
An instance of AppiumDriverLocalService which has passed through constructors will be stopped when
driver.quit();
If it is necessary to keep the service alive during a long time then something like that is available
service.start(); .... new IOSDriver<MobileElement>(service.getUrl(), capabilities)