我正在尝试从Google邮件帐户保存电子邮件附件.
AFAIK,它可以完成“行走”消息并获取其有效载荷,
for part in message.walk():
# getting payload, saving attach etc.
但它不起作用.
请参阅以下整个示例:
def test_save_attach(self):
self.connection = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.gmail.com', 995)
self.connection.set_debuglevel(1)
self.connection.user(USERNAME)
self.connection.pass_(PASS)
emails, total_bytes = self.connection.stat()
print("{0} emails in the inbox, {1} bytes total".format(emails, total_bytes))
# return in format: (response, ['mesg_num octets', ...], octets)
msg_list = self.connection.list()
print(msg_list)
# messages processing
for i in range(emails):
response = self.connection.retr(i+1)
# return in format: (response, ['line', ...], octets)
lines = response[1]
str_message = email.message_from_bytes(b''.join(lines))
print(str_message)
# save attach
for part in str_message.walk():
print(part.get_content_type())
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
continue
if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
continue
filename = part.get_filename()
if not(filename): continue
fp = open(os.path.join(self.savedir, filename), 'wb')
fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=1))
fp.close
self.connection.quit()
脚本输出是:
*cmd* 'USER **********'
*cmd* 'PASS **********'
*cmd* 'STAT'
*stat* [b'+OK', b'1', b'5301']
1 emails in the inbox, 5301 bytes total
*cmd* 'LIST'
(b'+OK 1 messages (5301 bytes)', [b'1 5301'], 8)
*cmd* 'RETR 1'
[<message headers and body>]
text/plain
*cmd* 'QUIT'
正如我们所看到的,消息的唯一部分是“text / plain”格式,并且不包含任何附加信息,尽管消息体默认包含它,并且可以在调试输出时看到它.
解决方法:
response = self.connection.retr(i+1)
raw_message = response[1]
raw_message不是字符串. retr将消息作为单行列表返回.你试图将列表转换为str(raw_message)的字符串 – 这是行不通的.
相反,将这些线连接在一起,例如,替换
str_message = email.message_from_string(str(raw_message))
有:
python2:
str_message = email.message_from_string("\n".join(raw_message))
python3:
str_message = email.message_from_bytes(b'\n'.join(raw_message))
编辑://添加我的完整工作源和输出以帮助调试问题
import poplib
import email
import os
class GmailTest(object):
def __init__(self):
self.savedir="/tmp"
def test_save_attach(self):
self.connection = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.gmail.com', 995)
self.connection.set_debuglevel(1)
self.connection.user("<munged>")
self.connection.pass_("<munged>")
emails, total_bytes = self.connection.stat()
print("{0} emails in the inbox, {1} bytes total".format(emails, total_bytes))
# return in format: (response, ['mesg_num octets', ...], octets)
msg_list = self.connection.list()
print(msg_list)
# messages processing
for i in range(emails):
# return in format: (response, ['line', ...], octets)
response = self.connection.retr(i+1)
raw_message = response[1]
str_message = email.message_from_bytes(b'\n'.join(raw_message))
# save attach
for part in str_message.walk():
print(part.get_content_type())
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
continue
if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
print("no content dispo")
continue
filename = part.get_filename()
if not(filename): filename = "test.txt"
print(filename)
fp = open(os.path.join(self.savedir, filename), 'wb')
fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=1))
fp.close
#I exit here instead of pop3lib quit to make sure the message doesn't get removed in gmail
import sys
sys.exit(0)
d=GmailTest()
d.test_save_attach()
输出:
python3 thetest.py
*cmd* 'USER <munged>'
*cmd* 'PASS <munged>'
*cmd* 'STAT'
*stat* [b'+OK', b'2', b'152928']
2 emails in the inbox, 152928 bytes total
*cmd* 'LIST'
(b'+OK 2 messages (152928 bytes)', [b'1 76469', b'2 76459'], 18)
*cmd* 'RETR 1'
multipart/mixed
text/plain
test.txt
application/pdf
ADDFILE_0.pdf
*cmd* 'RETR 2'
multipart/mixed
text/plain
test.txt
application/pdf
ADDFILE_0.pdf