使用thrift做c++,java和python的相互调用

linux上安装thrift见
http://jinghong.iteye.com/blog/1102535
thrift做为跨语言调用的方案有高效,支持语言较多,成熟等优点;代码侵入较强是其弱点。
下面记录以C++做服务器,C++,java和python做客户端的示例,这个和本人现在工作环境吻合,使用多线程长连接的socket来建立高效分布式系统的跨语言调用平台。
遗憾的是目前版本(0.7.0)的C语言还不支持Compact协议,导致在现在的环境中nginx c module调用thrift要使用binary协议。thrift开发团队似乎对C语言不太感冒。
1.定义idl文件acsuser.thrift
Idl代码
  1. struct User{   
  2.  1: string uid,   
  3.  2: string uname,   
  4.  3: bool usex,   
  5.  4: i16 uage,   
  6. }   
  7. service UserService{   
  8.  void add(1: User u),   
  9.  User get(1: string uid),   
  10. }  
struct User{
 1: string uid,
 2: string uname,
 3: bool usex,
 4: i16 uage,
}
service UserService{
 void add(1: User u),
 User get(1: string uid),
}

2.生成c++,java和python代码框架
Shell代码
  1. thrift -r --gen cpp acsuser.thrift    
  2. thrift -r --gen java acsuser.thrift    
  3. thrift -r --gen py acsuser.thrift   
thrift -r --gen cpp acsuser.thrift 
thrift -r --gen java acsuser.thrift 
thrift -r --gen py acsuser.thrift 

这时生成子目录gen-cpp,gen-java,gen-py

3.生成C++服务端代码
Shell代码
  1. cp gen-cpp/UserService_server.skeleton.cpp UserServer.cpp  
cp gen-cpp/UserService_server.skeleton.cpp UserServer.cpp

修改UserServer.cpp
C++代码
  1. #include "UserService.h"   
  2. #include <config.h>   
  3. //#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>   
  4. #include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>   
  5. #include <server/TSimpleServer.h>   
  6. #include <transport/TServerSocket.h>   
  7. #include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>   
  8. #include <concurrency/ThreadManager.h>   
  9. #include <concurrency/PosixThreadFactory.h>   
  10. #include <server/TThreadPoolServer.h>   
  11. #include <server/TThreadedServer.h>   
  12.   
  13. using namespace ::apache::thrift;   
  14. using namespace ::apache::thrift::protocol;   
  15. using namespace ::apache::thrift::transport;   
  16. using namespace ::apache::thrift::server;   
  17. using namespace ::apache::thrift::concurrency;   
  18.   
  19. using boost::shared_ptr;   
  20.   
  21. class UserServiceHandler : virtual public UserServiceIf {   
  22.  public:   
  23.   UserServiceHandler() {   
  24.     // Your initialization goes here   
  25.   }   
  26.   
  27.   void add(const User& u) {   
  28.     // Your implementation goes here   
  29.     printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", u.uid.c_str(), u.uname.c_str(), u.usex, u.uage);   
  30.   }   
  31.   
  32.   void get(User& _return, const std::string& uid) {   
  33.     // Your implementation goes here   
  34.     _return.uid = "leo1";   
  35.     _return.uname = "yueyue";   
  36.     _return.usex = 1;   
  37.     _return.uage = 3;   
  38.     printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", _return.uid.c_str(), _return.uname.c_str(), _return.usex, _return.uage);   
  39.   }   
  40.   
  41. };   
  42.   
  43. int main(int argc, char **argv) {   
  44.   shared_ptr<UserServiceHandler> handler(new UserServiceHandler());   
  45.   shared_ptr<TProcessor> processor(new UserServiceProcessor(handler));   
  46.   shared_ptr<TProtocolFactory> protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocolFactory());   
  47.   shared_ptr<TTransportFactory> transportFactory(new TBufferedTransportFactory());   
  48.   shared_ptr<TServerTransport> serverTransport(new TServerSocket(9090));   
  49.   
  50.   shared_ptr<ThreadManager> threadManager = ThreadManager::newSimpleThreadManager(10);   
  51.   shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory> threadFactory = shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory>(new PosixThreadFactory());   
  52.   threadManager->threadFactory(threadFactory);   
  53.   threadManager->start();   
  54.   printf("start user server...\n");   
  55.   
  56.   TThreadPoolServer server(processor, serverTransport, transportFactory, protocolFactory, threadManager);   
  57.   server.serve();   
  58.   return 0;   
  59. }  
#include "UserService.h"
#include <config.h>
//#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>
#include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>
#include <server/TSimpleServer.h>
#include <transport/TServerSocket.h>
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>
#include <concurrency/ThreadManager.h>
#include <concurrency/PosixThreadFactory.h>
#include <server/TThreadPoolServer.h>
#include <server/TThreadedServer.h>

using namespace ::apache::thrift;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::transport;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::server;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::concurrency;

using boost::shared_ptr;

class UserServiceHandler : virtual public UserServiceIf {
 public:
  UserServiceHandler() {
    // Your initialization goes here
  }

  void add(const User& u) {
    // Your implementation goes here
    printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", u.uid.c_str(), u.uname.c_str(), u.usex, u.uage);
  }

  void get(User& _return, const std::string& uid) {
    // Your implementation goes here
    _return.uid = "leo1";
    _return.uname = "yueyue";
    _return.usex = 1;
    _return.uage = 3;
    printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", _return.uid.c_str(), _return.uname.c_str(), _return.usex, _return.uage);
  }

};

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  shared_ptr<UserServiceHandler> handler(new UserServiceHandler());
  shared_ptr<TProcessor> processor(new UserServiceProcessor(handler));
  shared_ptr<TProtocolFactory> protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocolFactory());
  shared_ptr<TTransportFactory> transportFactory(new TBufferedTransportFactory());
  shared_ptr<TServerTransport> serverTransport(new TServerSocket(9090));

  shared_ptr<ThreadManager> threadManager = ThreadManager::newSimpleThreadManager(10);
  shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory> threadFactory = shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory>(new PosixThreadFactory());
  threadManager->threadFactory(threadFactory);
  threadManager->start();
  printf("start user server...\n");

  TThreadPoolServer server(processor, serverTransport, transportFactory, protocolFactory, threadManager);
  server.serve();
  return 0;
}


注意这段代码使用TCompactProtocol,需要#include <config.h>
另外这个是Blocking的多线程服务器

4.生成C++的client文件UserClient.cpp
C++代码
  1. #include "UserService.h"   
  2. #include <config.h>   
  3. #include <transport/TSocket.h>   
  4. #include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>   
  5. #include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>   
  6.   
  7. using namespace apache::thrift;   
  8. using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;   
  9. using namespace apache::thrift::transport;   
  10.   
  11. using boost::shared_ptr;   
  12.   
  13. int main(int argc, char **argv) {   
  14.         boost::shared_ptr<TSocket> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9090));   
  15.         boost::shared_ptr<TTransport> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket));   
  16.         boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TCompactProtocol(transport));   
  17.   
  18.         transport->open();   
  19.   
  20.         User u;   
  21.         u.uid = "leo";   
  22.         u.uname = "yueyue";   
  23.         u.usex = 1;   
  24.         u.uage = 3;   
  25.   
  26.         UserServiceClient client(protocol);   
  27.         client.add(u);   
  28.   
  29.         User u1;   
  30.         client.get(u1,"lll");   
  31.   
  32.         transport->close();   
  33.         printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", u1.uid.c_str(), u1.uname.c_str(), u1.usex, u1.uage);   
  34.         return 0;   
  35. }  
#include "UserService.h"
#include <config.h>
#include <transport/TSocket.h>
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>
#include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>

using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

using boost::shared_ptr;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
        boost::shared_ptr<TSocket> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9090));
        boost::shared_ptr<TTransport> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket));
        boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TCompactProtocol(transport));

        transport->open();

        User u;
        u.uid = "leo";
        u.uname = "yueyue";
        u.usex = 1;
        u.uage = 3;

        UserServiceClient client(protocol);
        client.add(u);

        User u1;
        client.get(u1,"lll");

        transport->close();
        printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", u1.uid.c_str(), u1.uname.c_str(), u1.usex, u1.uage);
        return 0;
}


5.生成Makefile
Makefile代码
  1. BOOST_DIR = /usr/local/include/boost/   
  2. THRIFT_DIR = /usr/local/include/thrift   
  3. LIB_DIR = /usr/local/lib   
  4. GEN_SRC = ./gen-cpp/acsuser_types.cpp ./gen-cpp/acsuser_constants.cpp ./gen-cpp/UserService.cpp   
  5. default: server client   
  6. server: UserServer.cpp   
  7.         g++ -g -o UserServer -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserServer.cpp ${GEN_SRC}   
  8. client: UserClient.cpp   
  9.         g++ -g -o UserClient -lm -pthread -lz -lrt -lssl -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserClient.cpp ${GEN_SRC}   
  10. clean:   
  11.         $(RM) -r UserServer UserClient  
BOOST_DIR = /usr/local/include/boost/
THRIFT_DIR = /usr/local/include/thrift
LIB_DIR = /usr/local/lib
GEN_SRC = ./gen-cpp/acsuser_types.cpp ./gen-cpp/acsuser_constants.cpp ./gen-cpp/UserService.cpp
default: server client
server: UserServer.cpp
        g++ -g -o UserServer -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserServer.cpp ${GEN_SRC}
client: UserClient.cpp
        g++ -g -o UserClient -lm -pthread -lz -lrt -lssl -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserClient.cpp ${GEN_SRC}
clean:
        $(RM) -r UserServer UserClient


6.启动c++ server
Shell代码
  1. ./UserServer  
./UserServer

7.测试c++ client
Shell代码
  1. ./UserClient  
./UserClient

8.写java client文件UserClient.java
Java代码
  1. import org.apache.thrift.TException;   
  2. import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;   
  3. import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;   
  4. import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;   
  5. import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingSocket;   
  6. import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;   
  7. import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;   
  8. import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;   
  9.   
  10. //import UserService.Client;   
  11.   
  12. public class UserClient {   
  13.     private void start() {   
  14.         try {   
  15.             TTransport socket = new TSocket("localhost"9090);   
  16.             //TTransport transport = new TFramedTransport(socket);   
  17.             TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(socket);   
  18.   
  19.             UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol);   
  20.             socket.open();   
  21.             System.out.println(client.get("lll"));   
  22.   
  23.             User u = new User();   
  24.             u.uid="leojava";   
  25.             u.uname="yueyue";   
  26.             u.usex=true;   
  27.             u.uage=3;   
  28.             client.add(u);   
  29.             socket.close();   
  30.   
  31.         } catch (TTransportException e) {   
  32.             e.printStackTrace();   
  33.         } catch (TException e) {   
  34.             e.printStackTrace();   
  35.         }   
  36.     }   
  37.   
  38.     public static void main(String[] args) {   
  39.         UserClient c = new UserClient();   
  40.         c.start();   
  41.   
  42.     }   
  43. }  
import org.apache.thrift.TException;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;

//import UserService.Client;

public class UserClient {
    private void start() {
        try {
            TTransport socket = new TSocket("localhost", 9090);
            //TTransport transport = new TFramedTransport(socket);
            TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(socket);

            UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol);
            socket.open();
            System.out.println(client.get("lll"));

            User u = new User();
            u.uid="leojava";
            u.uname="yueyue";
            u.usex=true;
            u.uage=3;
            client.add(u);
            socket.close();

        } catch (TTransportException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserClient c = new UserClient();
        c.start();

    }
}

编译和运行java client
Shell代码
  1. javac -classpath /usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar UserClient.java ./gen-java/*.java   
  2. java -classpath .:./gen-java:/usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar UserClient  
javac -classpath /usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar UserClient.java ./gen-java/*.java
java -classpath .:./gen-java:/usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar UserClient

9.写Python client文件PythonClient.py
Python代码
  1. #!/usr/bin/env python   
  2. import sys   
  3. sys.path.append('./gen-py')   
  4. from acsuser import UserService   
  5. from acsuser.ttypes import *   
  6. from thrift import Thrift   
  7. from thrift.transport import TSocket   
  8. from thrift.transport import TTransport   
  9. from thrift.protocol import TCompactProtocol   
  10.   
  11. # Make socket   
  12. transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost'9090)   
  13. # Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow   
  14. transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)   
  15. # Wrap in a protocol   
  16. protocol = TCompactProtocol.TCompactProtocol(transport)   
  17. # Create a client to use the protocol encoder   
  18. client = UserService.Client(protocol)   
  19. # Connect!   
  20. transport.open()   
  21. # Call Server services     
  22. u = client.get('lll')   
  23. print 'uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d u.uage=%d' %(u.uid,u.uname,u.usex,u.uage)   
  24.   
  25. u1 = User()   
  26. u1.uid='leo'  
  27. u1.uname='yueyue'  
  28. u1.usex=1  
  29. u1.uage=3  
  30. client.add(u1)  
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
sys.path.append('./gen-py')
from acsuser import UserService
from acsuser.ttypes import *
from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TCompactProtocol

# Make socket
transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost', 9090)
# Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
# Wrap in a protocol
protocol = TCompactProtocol.TCompactProtocol(transport)
# Create a client to use the protocol encoder
client = UserService.Client(protocol)
# Connect!
transport.open()
# Call Server services  
u = client.get('lll')
print 'uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d u.uage=%d' %(u.uid,u.uname,u.usex,u.uage)

u1 = User()
u1.uid='leo'
u1.uname='yueyue'
u1.usex=1
u1.uage=3
client.add(u1)

执行python client代码
Shell代码
  1. chmod 777 PythonClient.py   
  2. ./PythonClient.py  
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