1、适用命令及方案如下：
【远程连接及执行命令】
ssh -p22root@10.0.0.19
ssh -p22 root@10.0.0.19 /sbin/ifconfig
【远程拷贝：推送及拉取】
scp -P22 -r -p /etc root@10.0.0.19:/tmp/
scp -P22 -r -p root@10.0.0.19:/tmp/ /etc
【安全的FTP功能】
sftp -oPort=22 root@10.0.0.19
【无密码验证方案】
例如利用sshkey批量分发文件，执行部署操作。
2、连接慢的主要原因是DNS解析导致
解决方法：
1、在ssh服务端上更改/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件中的配置为如下内容：
UseDNS no
# GSSAPI options
GSSAPIAuthentication no
然后，执行/etc/init.d/sshd restart重启sshd进程使上述配置生效，在连接一般就不慢了。
2、如果还慢的话，检查ssh服务端上/etc/hosts文件中，127.0.0.1对应的主机名是否和
uname -n的结果一样，或者把本机ip和hostname(uname -n结果)加入到/etc/hosts里。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
[root@C64 ~]# uname -n
C64[root@C64 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
#modi by oldboy 11:12 2013/9/24127.0.0.1 C64 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain610.0.0.18 C64################ |
3、利用ssh-v的调试功能查找慢的原因
其实可以用下面的命令调试为什么慢的细节（学习这个思路很重要）。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
|
[root@C64 ~]# ssh -v root@10.0.0.19
OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0-fips 29 Mar 2010debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_configdebug1: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 10.0.0.19 [10.0.0.19] port 22.debug1: Connection established.debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_4.3debug1: match: OpenSSH_4.3 pat OpenSSH_4*debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sentdebug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT receiveddebug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 nonedebug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 nonedebug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sentdebug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUPdebug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sentdebug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLYThe authenticity of host '10.0.0.19 (10.0.0.19)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ca:18:42:76:0e:5a:1c:7d:ef:fc:24:75:80:11:ad:f9.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes=======>老男孩老师评：这里就是提示保存密钥的交互提示。Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.19' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correctdebug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sentdebug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYSdebug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS receiveddebug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sentdebug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT receiveddebug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,passworddebug1: Next authentication method: publickeydebug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identitydebug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsadebug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsadebug1: Next authentication method: passwordroot@10.0.0.19's password:
=======>老男孩老师评：这里就是提示输入密码的交互提示。debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]debug1: Entering interactive session.debug1: Sending environment.debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8Last login: Tue Sep 24 10:30:02 2013 from 10.0.0.18在远程连接时如果慢就可以确定卡在哪了。[root@C64_A ~]# ssh -v oldboy@10.0.0.17
OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0-fips 29 Mar 2010debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_configdebug1: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 10.0.0.17 [10.0.0.17] port 22.debug1: Connection established.debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type 2debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH*debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sentdebug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT receiveddebug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 nonedebug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 nonedebug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sentdebug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUPdebug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sentdebug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLYdebug1: Host '10.0.0.17' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:2
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correctdebug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sentdebug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYSdebug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS receiveddebug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sentdebug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT receiveddebug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyexdebug1: No valid Key exchange contextdebug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic |
上述配置没配就发现卡到gssapi这。就大概知道是gssapi的问题。
实际上在linux系统优化部分就应该优化SSH服务的此处。