TinyFrame升级之七:重构Repository和Unit Of Work

首先,重构的想法来源于以下文章:Correct use of Repository and Unit Of Work patterns in ASP.NET MVC,因为我发现在我的框架中,对UnitOfWork使用了错误的设计方法,同时感谢一下文章:Generically Implementing the Unit of Work & Repository Pattern with Entity Framework in MVC & Simplifying Entity Graphs,我的重构设计参考了它。

下面来说说我的具体重构方式。

在原来的代码中,我的Repository<T>泛型继承自IRepository<T>并且在增删改查代码中做了如下处理:

   1:    public virtual void Insert(T entity)
   2:          {
   3:              try
   4:              {
   5:                  if (entity == null)
   6:                      throw new ArgumentException("实体类为空");
   7:                  DbSet.Add(entity);
   8:                  context.SaveChanges();
   9:              }
  10:              catch (DbEntityValidationException dbex)
  11:              {
  12:                  var msg = string.Empty;
  13:                  foreach(var validationErrors in dbex.EntityValidationErrors)
  14:                      foreach(var validateionError in validationErrors.ValidationErrors)
  15:                          msg+=string.Format("Property:{0} Error:{1}",validateionError.PropertyName,validateionError.ErrorMessage);
  16:   
  17:                  var fail = new Exception(msg,dbex);
  18:                  throw fail;
  19:              }
  20:          }

最关键的地方是,我添加了“Context.SaveChanges”方法,这就直接导致UnitOfWork的规则失效。UnitOfWork出现的本身是为了提供事务提交支持。这样直接在Repository中提交,直接导致UnitOfWork功能废弃。

还有个地方就是在前台,通过Autofac注册完毕后,我是这么用的:

   1:   public BookService(IUnitOfWork unitOfWork
   2:              , IBook bookRepository
   3:              , IBookType bookTypeRepository
   4:              , IBookPlace bookPlaceRepository
   5:              , ICacheManager cacheManager
   6:              , ILoggerService logger
   7:              )
   8:          {
   9:              this.unitOfWork = unitOfWork;
  10:              this.bookRepository = bookRepository;
  11:              this.bookTypeRepository = bookTypeRepository;
  12:              this.bookPlaceRepository = bookPlaceRepository;
  13:              this.cacheManager = cacheManager;
  14:              this.logger = logger;
  15:          }
  16:   
  17:          private readonly IUnitOfWork unitOfWork;
  18:          private readonly IBook bookRepository;
  19:          private readonly IBookType bookTypeRepository;
  20:          private readonly IBookPlace bookPlaceRepository;
  21:          private readonly ICacheManager cacheManager;
  22:          private readonly ILoggerService logger;

这样做的话,当以后我们有表删除或者新增的时候,我们不得不维护这样的列表。这完全不符合OO设计原则。

但是如果引入UnitOfWork的话,内部利用Hashtable等实现对Respository的指向,那么在界面我们只要这样写就可以了:

   1:   public BookService(
   2:                IUnitOfWork unitOfWork
   3:              , ICacheManager cacheManager
   4:              , ILoggerService logger
   5:              )
   6:          {
   7:              this.unitOfWork = unitOfWork;
   8:              this.cacheManager = cacheManager;
   9:              this.logger = logger;
  10:          }
  11:   
  12:          private readonly IUnitOfWork unitOfWork;
  13:          private readonly ICacheManager cacheManager;
  14:          private readonly ILoggerService logger;

使用的时候,直接这样实例化就行了:

   1:  var bookPlaceRepository = unitOfWork.Repository<BookPlace>();

这样做完全不用顾虑有新表的添加删除了。代码根本就不用动。

所以,综上两点,UnitOfWork的引入为了解决以下问题:

1.提供全局事务支持。

2.提供对Repository模型的指向。以便于松耦合绑定。

下面是代码重构部分:

IUnitOfWork接口部分:

   1:  using System;
   2:  using TinyFrame.Data.DataRepository;
   3:  using TinyFrame.Data.DomainModel;
   4:   
   5:  namespace TinyFrame.Unitofwork
   6:  {
   7:      public interface IUnitOfWork
   8:      {
   9:          void Commit();
  10:          IRepository<T> Repository<T>() where T : class;
  11:   
  12:          void Dispose(bool disposing);
  13:          void Dispose();
  14:      }
  15:  }

实现部分比较简单,利用Hashtable来保存对Repository的指向:

   1:  using System;
   2:  using System.Data.Entity;
   3:  using TinyFrame.Data.DataRepository;
   4:  using TinyFrame.Data.DomainModel;
   5:  using TinyFrame.Data.DataContext;
   6:  using System.Collections;
   7:   
   8:  namespace TinyFrame.Unitofwork
   9:  {
  10:      public class UnitOfWork : IUnitOfWork
  11:      {
  12:          public UnitOfWork(IDbContext dbContext)
  13:          {
  14:              this.dbContext = dbContext;
  15:          }
  16:   
  17:          private readonly IDbContext dbContext;
  18:          private bool disposed;
  19:          private Hashtable repositorys;
  20:   
  21:          public void Commit()
  22:          {
  23:              dbContext.SaveChanges();
  24:          }
  25:   
  26:          public IRepository<T> Repository<T>() where T:class
  27:          {
  28:              if (repositorys == null)
  29:                  repositorys = new Hashtable();
  30:   
  31:              var type = typeof(T).Name;
  32:   
  33:              if (!repositorys.ContainsKey(type))
  34:              {
  35:                  var repositoryType = typeof(Repository<>);
  36:                  var repositoryInstance = Activator.CreateInstance(repositoryType.MakeGenericType(typeof(T)), dbContext);
  37:                  repositorys.Add(type, repositoryInstance);
  38:              }
  39:              return (IRepository<T>)repositorys[type];
  40:          }
  41:   
  42:          #region Dispose method
  43:          public virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
  44:          {
  45:              if (!disposed)
  46:                  if (disposing) 
  47:                      dbContext.Dispose();
  48:              disposed = true;
  49:          }
  50:          
  51:          public void Dispose()
  52:          {
  53:              Dispose(true);
  54:              GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
  55:          }
  56:          #endregion
  57:      }
  58:  }

第17行,保持对DbContext的引用,以便于进行提交操作。

第26行,Repository<T>泛型方法,以便于动态返回仓储模型。

需要注意的是,在Repository<T>的实现中,不要再增删改查里面再添加 DbContext.SaveChanges方法,首先是没意义,其次是完全不符合Repository和UnitOfWork的做法。

最后附图一张,表明我对Repository和UnitOfWork的理解:

TinyFrame升级之七:重构Repository和Unit Of Work

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