第一种方式是将插件与生命周期绑定，如命令mvn compile就实现了maven-compiler-plugin的调用目标。
第二种方式是直接在命令行指定要执行的插件，如mvn archetype:generate 就表示调用maven-archetype-plugin。
1.maven-assembly-plugin
用于导出jar包或war包。插件官网： http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/
具体打包哪些文件是高度可控的，在assembly.xml中指定。
<!--一个assembly.xml例子-->
<assembly
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.0.xsd">
<formats>
<format>jar</format>
</formats>
<id>with-dependencies</id>
<includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
<dependencySets>
<dependencySet>
<excludes>
<exclude>org.apache.storm:storm-core</exclude>
</excludes>
<outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
<useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
<unpack>true</unpack>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependencySet>
</dependencySets>
</assembly>
2.maven-source-plugin
打包时用的，附带源代码。pom写法见下：
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<configuration>
<attach>true</attach>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
3.maven-dependency-pligin
打包时用。用于把项目的依赖单独放到 jar外 的一个目录中。
<plugin> <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.10</version> <executions> <execution> <id>copy-dependencies</id> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>copy-dependencies</goal> </goals> <configuration> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
4.maven-enforcer-plugin
当一个旧的库被很多库间接依赖，挨个使用<excluds>不简洁时，可使用这个插件强制排除过时的依赖。有些框架升级时artifactid都会变，比如spring升级为spring-core。
<!-- 排除包 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.1</version> <executions> <execution> <id>enforce-denpendency</id> <phase>compile</phase> <goals> <goal>enforce</goal> </goals> <configuration> <rules> <bannedDependencies> <!-- groupId[:artifactId][:version][:type][:scope] --> <excludes> <!--<exclude>ch.qos.logback</exclude> --> <exclude>org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j</exclude> <exclude>org.springframework:spring</exclude> </excludes> </bannedDependencies> </rules> <fail>true</fail> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>