常用的消息摘要算法小总结

今天偶然的学习了一下几种关于消息摘要算法的知识。个人觉得很好。应着老话“好记性不如烂笔头”,我就码了几行代码咯。


算法嘛,没什么好说的了。毕竟是设计者智慧与汗水的结晶,也是时代进步的推动力。我们能做的就是将这种算法运用得当,造福全人类,就行了!

//格外需要注意的是采用CC(Commons codec)方式生成消息摘要时,一定要记得导入相关的jar包哦!

MD方式


package MD;
/**
 * MD:MessageDigest----消息摘要算法
 */

import java.security.MessageDigest;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.Md5Crypt;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 简单的使用MessageDigest实现消息摘要的小案例
 * 收获:
 *      使用摘要算法获得字节数组无法直接输出,需要转成相应的十六进制才能获得结果
 * @author Summer
 *
 */
public class Demo {

    private static String targetString = "I am Summer!";

    /**
     * 测试MD5算法加密效果,转成了十六进制
     * JDK实现
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        byte [] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(bytes);
        System.out.println("MD5加密后的串是:"+result);
        //5b704caf20c179cdf61d7121e59dcd76
    }

    /**
     * 测试MD2算法加密效果,转成了十六进制
     * JDK实现
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test2() throws Exception {
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD2");
        byte [] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(bytes);
        System.out.println("MD5加密后的串是:"+result);
        //387992acc0a756abc7026d635383b0a7
    }

    /**
     * 测试MD2算法加密效果,不转成十六进制
     * JDK实现
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test3() throws Exception {
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD2");
        byte [] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
        System.out.println(bytes);
    }


    /**
     * 测试MD5算法加密效果,不转成十六进制
     * JDK实现
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test4() throws Exception {
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        byte [] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
        System.out.println(bytes.toString());
    }

    /**
     * 使用commons codec的方式对目标字符串进行加密MD2,并使用十六进制进行输出
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test5() throws Exception {
        MessageDigest md = DigestUtils.getMd2Digest();
        byte[] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(bytes);
        System.out.println("Commons codec 方式加密MD2:"+ result);
        //387992acc0a756abc7026d635383b0a7
    }


    /**
     * 使用commons codec的方式对目标字符串进行加密MD5,并使用十六进制进行输出
     * 对比方法发现,使用CC这个开源方式,可以大大的简化操作。但其底层仍是JDK实现的,cc知识做了一些简化,仅此而已
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test6() throws Exception {
        MessageDigest md = DigestUtils.getMd5Digest();
        byte[] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(bytes);
        System.out.println("Commons codec 方式加密MD5:"+ result);
        //5b704caf20c179cdf61d7121e59dcd76
        System.out.println(DigestUtils.md5Hex(targetString));
        //5b704caf20c179cdf61d7121e59dcd76
    }

}

SHA方式


package SHA;
/**
 * SHA: Security Hash Algorithm -----安全哈希算法
 */

import java.security.MessageDigest;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.junit.Test;

public class Demo {

    private static String targetString = "I am Summer!";


    /**
     * 使用JDK方式以SHA1的方式实现消息摘要算法
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSHA1() throws Exception {

        /*方式一:
         * //算法名称对于SHA1方式:  可以是SHA也可以是SHA1
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA");
            byte[] bytes = md.digest(targetString.getBytes());
            String result = Hex.encodeHexString(bytes);
            System.out.println("JDK 方式实现SHA1消息摘要的加密:\t"+ result);
            //a621ca634410c2521ef560736a6a9da048f42961
         */     

        /*
         * 方式二:
         */
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA");
        md.update(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        System.out.println(result);

    }


    /**
     * 使用JDK方式以SHA-224的方式实现消息摘要算法
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSHA224() throws Exception {

        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-224");
        md.update(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        System.out.println(result);
        //6fb07533ef05a1f1b6a0fbd25f08ed3cbcf17807a507c0224756f06d

    }


    /**
     * 使用JDK方式以SHA-384的方式实现消息摘要算法
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSHA384() throws Exception {

        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-384");
        md.update(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        System.out.println(result);
        //c640d1c73a8e2078b290f284fce59da103ecfc1c3c9442cc90ebd5f08900d8e6f19551da7b2f213d96dd055bd2759698

    }


    /**
     * 使用JDK方式以SHA-256的方式实现消息摘要算法
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSHA256() throws Exception {

        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
        md.update(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        System.out.println(result);
        //8305809696717b31c6765b7ba89cfd67c17ef62c79a700ae4e305fee5ebdf457

    }


    /**
     * 使用JDK方式以SHA-512的方式实现消息摘要算法
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSHA512() throws Exception {

        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-512");
        md.update(targetString.getBytes());
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        System.out.println(result);
        //520abdfdc5e0ac43c795bee9da1cac3fa2f55b8e89f1d33f9a4b83367f4b74cd5d42bfa2c6d4f68c362e64d44ea664244c03c7fd2b7bc167a489fe7129c91156

    }

}

MAC方式


package MAC;

import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * MAC: Message Authentication Code ------消息验证码
 */

public class Demo {

    private static String targetString = "I am Summer!";

    /**
     * 使用MAC算法以MD5方式加密
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void hmacMD5() throws Exception {
        //初始化KeyGeerator
        KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("HmacMD5");
        //产生密钥
        SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
        //获得密钥
        byte[] key = secretKey.getEncoded();

        key = Hex.decodeHex(new char[]{'S','u','m','m','e','r','!'});


        //还原密钥
        SecretKey restoreSecretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, "HmacMD5");
        //实例化Mac
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(restoreSecretKey.getAlgorithm());
        //初始化Mac
        mac.init(restoreSecretKey);
        byte[] hmacMD5Bytes = mac.doFinal(targetString.getBytes());
        //转成十六进制并进行输出
        String result = Hex.encodeHexString(hmacMD5Bytes);
        System.out.println(result);
        //8371828a9e53f04977b4d2ceb73ff506
    }


}

小总结


对于MAC方式,其原理其实和前两个差不多,只不过是加入了key加密的权限。详见代码哦!

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