java使用HttpURLConnection和HttpClient分别模拟get和post请求以及操作cookies

2023-08-10 22:21:22

1.使用HttpURLConnection

    public static String getJsonByURL(String base_url) {

        String url = base_url;

        StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder();

        String result = "";

            try {

                URL u = new URL(url);

                HttpURLConnection uc = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();

                uc.setRequestMethod("GET");

                //uc.setRequestMethod("POST");

                /*

                String cookieVal =uc.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie");    //获取session

                String JSESSIONID = (cookieVal.substring(0,cookieVal.indexOf(";")));

                uc.setRequestProperty("Cookie", JSESSIONID);//设置session

                */

                BufferedReader bd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(uc.getInputStream(),"GBK"));

                String s = null;

                while((s=bd.readLine())!=null) {

                    json.append(s);

                }

                bd.close();

            } catch (Exception e) {

                // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

            result = json.toString();

        return result;

    }

2.使用HttpClient

(1)get

    public static String getJsonByGet(String url) {

        String s = "";

        //CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(new PoolingClientConnectionManager());

         HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);

         CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

         HttpEntity entity = null;

         try {

            response = httpclient.execute(httpget);

            entity = response.getEntity();

            /*

            CookieStore cookieStore = httpclient.getCookieStore();//获取cookies

            httpclient.setCookieStore(cookieStore);//设置cookies

            */

            s = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally {

            httpclient.close();

        }

         return s;

    }

(POST)

   public static String getJsonByPost(String url) {  

        DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(new PoolingClientConnectionManager());

        //CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);  

        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        HttpEntity entity = null;

        String s = "";

        try {

            response = httpclient.execute(httppost);

            entity = response.getEntity();

            s = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

        } catch (ClientProtocolException e1) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e1.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e1) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e1.printStackTrace();

        }finally {

            httpclient.close();

        }

        return s;

    }

获取cookies和设置cookies的位置要根据不同的接口而定。

以上的方法是把接口的参数，在调用方法之前就配好了，作为url传入。也可在调用的相应方法内部做处理。

1.使用HttpURLConnection

    public static byte[] getJsonByURL(String url, String params) throws Exception{

        URL url = new URL(url);

        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//

        // conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);//

        // conn.setReadTimeout(2000);//

        conn.setDoOutput(true);//

        byte[] bypes = params.toString().getBytes();

        conn.getOutputStream().write(bypes);// 输入参数

        InputStream inStream=conn.getInputStream();

        return StreamTool.readInputStream(inStream);

    }

对参数的处理有很多方法，可以append()，也可以自己+，不同参数，不同方法重载

2.使用HttpClient

package com.tradeyun;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.net.URI;

import java.net.URISyntaxException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIUtils;

import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**

 * @author QiaoJiafei

 * @version 创建时间：2015年12月18日 上午10:03:12

 * 类说明

 */

public class TestHttpClientParameter {

    public static void main(String args[]) {

/*        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(new PoolingClientConnectionManager());

        String s = "";

        HttpResponse response = null;

        HttpEntity entity = null;

        String url = "http://172.16.30.244:8090/gm_product_site/assignmentApply/auth";

        System.out.println("url=========="+url);

        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);

        List formparams = new ArrayList();

        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("applyId","1"));

        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("isPass","true"));

        //formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd","aaaaaa1"));

        //formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", "aaaaaa1"));

        UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;

        try {

             uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");

             post.setEntity(uefEntity);

             System.out.println("executing request " + post.getURI());

             response = httpclient.execute(post);

             entity = response.getEntity();

             s= EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

             System.out.println(s);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        } */ //不成功

        TestHttpClientParameter t = new TestHttpClientParameter();

        t.post3();

    }

    public void post3() {

        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(new PoolingClientConnectionManager());

        String s = "";

        HttpResponse response = null;

        HttpEntity entity = null;

        String url = "http://172.16.30.244:8090/gm_product_site/assignmentApply/auth";

        System.out.println("url=========="+url);

        HttpPost post = null;

        List formparams = new ArrayList();

        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("applyId","1"));

        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("isPass","true"));

        UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;

        try {

             uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");

             URI uri=null;

                try {

                    uri = URIUtils.createURI("http", "172.16.30.244:8090", -1, "/gm_product_site/assignmentApply/auth",

                    URLEncodedUtils.format(formparams, "UTF-8"), null);

                } catch (URISyntaxException e) {

                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                    e.printStackTrace();

                }

                post = new HttpPost(uri);

                System.out.println(post.getURI());

             response = httpclient.execute(post);

             entity = response.getEntity();

             s= EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

             System.out.println(s);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

httpclient也可以使用下面的方式：

package com.core.execute;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**

 * @author QiaoJiafei

 * @version 创建时间：2016年3月2日 上午10:54:24

 * 类说明

 */

public class TestMapPara {

    static HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

    public static void main(String args[]) {

        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();

        map.put("id", "22");

        postmap(map);

    }

    private static void postmap(Map<String, String> params) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        String url = "http://172.16.30.73:8080/test/user/update";

        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);

        List<NameValuePair> ps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

        for (String pKey : params.keySet()) {

            ps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(pKey, params.get(pKey)));

        }

        try {

            httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(ps));
　　　　　　　//上面一行代码也可以使用带有编码格式的构造方法，如new UrlEncodedFormEntity(ps, "UTF-8");

             HttpResponse response = client.execute(httppost);

                HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();

                System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));

        } catch (Exception e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

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