原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/huangxincheng/p/7707830.html
很多情况下基于wcf的复杂均衡都首选zookeeper,这样可以拥有更好的控制粒度,但zk对C# 不大友好,实现起来相对来说比较麻烦,实际情况下,如果
你的负载机制粒度很粗糙的话,优先使用nginx就可以搞定,既可以实现复杂均衡,又可以实现双机热备,以最小的代码量实现我们的业务,下面具体分享下。
一:准备的材料
1. 话不多说,一图胜千言,图中的服务器都是采用vmware虚拟化,如下图:
《1》 三台windows机器 ,两个WCF的windows服务器承载(192.168.23.187,192.168.23.188),一台Client的服务器(192.168.23.1)
《2》 一台Centos机器,用来承载web复杂均衡nginx(192.168.23.190)。
《3》在所有的Client的Hosts文件中增加host映射:【192.168.23.190 cluster.com】,方便通过域名的形式访问nginx所在服务器的ip地址。
二:环境搭建
1. WCF程序
既然是测试,肯定就是简单的程序,代码就不完全给出了。
《1》 HomeService实现类代码如下(输出当前server的ip地址,方便查看):
1 public class HomeService : IHomeService
2 {
3 public string DoWork(string msg)
4 {
5 var ip = Dns.GetHostAddresses(Dns.GetHostName()).FirstOrDefault(i => i.AddressFamily ==
6 AddressFamily.InterNetwork).ToString();
7
8 return string.Format("当前 request 由 server={0} 返回", ip);
9 }
10 }
《2》 App.Config代码
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
2 <configuration>
3 <startup>
4 <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.2" />
5 </startup>
6 <system.serviceModel>
7 <behaviors>
8 <serviceBehaviors>
9 <behavior name="">
10 <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
11 <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
12 </behavior>
13 </serviceBehaviors>
14 </behaviors>
15 <services>
16 <service name="WcfService.HomeService">
17 <endpoint address="/HomeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WcfService.IHomeService">
18 <identity>
19 <dns value="localhost" />
20 </identity>
21 </endpoint>
22 <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
23 <host>
24 <baseAddresses>
25 <add baseAddress="http://192.168.23.187:8733" />
26 </baseAddresses>
27 </host>
28 </service>
29 </services>
30 </system.serviceModel>
31 </configuration>
因为windows的两台机器的ip地址是192.168.23.187,192.168.23.188,所以部署的时候注意一下config中的baseAddress地址。
2. centos上的nginx搭建
nginx我想大家用的还是比较多的,去官网下载最新的就好【nginx-1.13.6】:http://nginx.org/en/download.html,下载之后,就是常规的三板斧安装!!!
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/myapp/nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# make && make install
然后在nginx的安装目录下面找到conf文件,修改里面的nginx.conf 配置。
[root@localhost nginx]# cd conf
[root@localhost conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf koi-utf nginx.conf uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default koi-win nginx.conf.default uwsgi_params.default
fastcgi_params mime.types scgi_params win-utf
fastcgi_params.default mime.types.default scgi_params.default
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf
详细配置如下,注意下面“标红”的地方,权重按照1:5的方式进行调用,关于其他的配置,大家可以在网上搜一下就可以了。
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events {
worker_connections 1024;
} http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; upstream cluster.com{
server 192.168.23.187:8733 weight=1;
server 192.168.23.188:8733 weight=5;
} server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://cluster.com;
#设置主机头和客户端真实地址,以便服务器获取客户端真实IP
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
} # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#} # HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#} }
3. client端的程序搭建
《1》 第一件事就是将 192.168.23.190 映射到本机的host中去,因为服务不提供给第三方使用,所以加host还是很轻松的。
192.168.23.190 cluster.com
《2》 然后就是client端程序添加服务引用,因为添加了host映射,所以服务引用地址就是"http://cluster.com"。 代码如下:
1 class Program
2 {
3 static void Main(string[] args)
4 {
5 for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
6 {
7 HomeServiceClient client = new HomeServiceClient();
8
9 var info = client.DoWork("hello world!");
10
11 Console.WriteLine(info);
12
13 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
14 }
15
16 Console.Read();
17 }
18 }
最后来执行以下程序,看看1000次循环中,是不是按照权重1:5 的方式对后端的wcf进行调用的???
看到没有,是不是很牛逼,我只需要通过cluster.com进行服务访问,nginx会自动给我复杂均衡,这就是我们开发中非常简单化的wcf复杂均衡。
希望本篇对你有帮助~~~~ 附完整源代码:cluster.zip