连字符 | hyphens (Text) - CSS 中文开发手册
该hyphens CSS属性指定当文字跨越多行时如何自动换行断字。您可以完全禁止连字符，在文本中手动指定点来使用连字符，或者让浏览器在适当的地方自动插入连字符。
/* Keyword values */ hyphens: none; hyphens: manual; hyphens: auto; /* Global values */ hyphens: inherit; hyphens: initial; hyphens: unset;
连字规则是依语言而定的。在HTML中，语言是由lang属性决定的，只有当这个属性存在时且有合适的连字符字典可用时，浏览器才会使用连字符。在XML中，要求必须使用xml:lang属性。
注意：定义如何执行连字符的规则没有被规范明确定义，所以确切的连字符规则可能因浏览器而异。
| Initial value | manual |
|---|---|
| Applies to | all elements |
| Inherited | yes |
| Media | visual |
| Computed value | as specified |
| Animation type | discrete |
| Canonical order | the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar |
语法
该hyphens属性被指定为从下面的列表中选择出的单个关键字。
可能值
none——即使文字中的字符表示换行符，文字也不会在换行符处断开。行将只包含在空白处。
manual——只有在单词内部的字符表示换行的情况下，单词才会被断开。有关详细信息，请参阅下面的建建议的换行时机。
auto——只要遵循它所选择使用的任何规则，浏览器就可以*地在合适的连字点处自动分词。但是，建议的换行时机（请参阅下面的建议换行时机）将覆盖自动断点选择。
注：该auto设置的行为取决于语言被正确标记，以便可以选择相应的断字规则。您必须使用lang这个HTML属性指定一种语言，以确保自动连字符应用于您所选择的语言。
建议换行时机
有两个Unicode字符可用于在文本中手动指定潜在的换行点：
U + 2010（HYPHEN）：该“硬”连字符表示可见的换行时机。即使该行实际上没有被断开，连字符仍然呈现。
U + 00AD（SHY）：一个不可见的“软”连字符。这个字符不是可见的，它只是标志着浏览器应该断行的位置。在HTML中，您可以使用插入一个软连字符。
形式语法
none | manual | auto
实例
这个例子使用三个类，其中一个用于hyphens属性的每个可能的配置。
HTML
<ul>
<li><code>none</code>: no hyphen; overflow if needed
<p lang="en" class="none">An extremely long English word</p>
</li>
<li><code>manual</code>: hyphen only at ‐ or ­ (if needed)
<p lang="en" class="manual">An extremely long English word</p>
</li>
<li><code>auto</code>: hyphen where the algorithm is deciding (if needed)
<p lang="en" class="auto">An extremely long English word</p>
</li>
</ul> CSS
p {
width: 55px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
p.none {
-webkit-hyphens: none;
-ms-hyphens: none;
hyphens: none;
}
p.manual {
-webkit-hyphens: manual;
-ms-hyphens: manual;
hyphens: manual;
}
p.auto {
-webkit-hyphens: auto;
-ms-hyphens: auto;
hyphens: auto;
} 结果
规范
| Specification | Status | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| CSS Text Module Level 3The definition of 'hyphens' in that specification. | Working Draft | Initial definition |
浏览器兼容性
| Feature | Chrome | Firefox (Gecko) | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | 13.0-webkit1 55.0 (unprefixed) | 6.0 (6.0)-moz2 43.0 (43.0) | 10.0-ms3 | 44 | 5.1-webkit |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Afrikaans (af, af-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Bulgarian (bg, bg-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Catalan (ca, ca-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Croatian (hr, hr-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | No support | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Czech (cs, cs-*) | ? | No support | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Danish (da, da-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Dutch (nl, nl-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | 10.0 | ? | 5.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for English (en, en-*) | 55.0 (unprefixed) | 6.0 (6.0)4 | 10.0 | 44 | 5.15 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Esperanto (eo, eo-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Estonian (et, et-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Finnish (fi, fi-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | No support | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for French (fr, fr-*) | ? | 8.0 (8.0) | 10.0 | ? | 5.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Galician (gl, gl-*) | ? | 9.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for German, Traditional Orthography of 1901 (de-1901, de-AT-1901, de-DE-1901) | ? | 8.0 | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for German, Reformed Orthography of 1996 (de, de-1996, de-DE, de-AT, de-*) | ? | 8.0 | 10.0 | ? | 5.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for German, Swiss Orthography (de-CH, de-CH-*) | ? | 8.0 | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Hungarian (hu, hu-*) | ? | 9.0 | No support | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Icelandic (is, is-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Interlingua (ia, ia-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Italian (it, it-*) | ? | 9.0 | 10.0 | ? | 5.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Kurmanji (kmr, kmr-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Latin (la, la-*) | (Yes) | 8.0 | No support | 44 | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Lithuanian (lt, lt-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for *n (mn, mn-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Norwegian (Bokmål) (no, no-*, nb, nb-*) | ? | 8.0 | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Norwegian (Nynorsk) (nn, nn-*) | ? | 8.0 | 10.0 | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Polish (pl, pl-*) | ? | 31.0 | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Portuguese (pt, pt-*) | ? | 8.06 | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Brazilian Portuguese (pt-BR) | ? | 8.06 | 10.0 | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Russian (ru, ru-*) | ? | 8.0 | 10.0 | ? | 5.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Serbian, Bosnian, Serbo-Croatian (sh, sh-*, sr, sr-*, bs, bs-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Slovenian (sl, sl-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Spanish (es, es-*) | ? | 8.0 | 10.0 | ? | 5.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Swedish (sv, sv-*) | ? | 8.0 | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Turkish (tr, tr-*) | ? | 9.0 | 10.0 | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Ukrainian (uk, uk-*) | ? | 9.0 | No support | ? | 9.1 |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Upper Sorbian (hsb, hsb-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Welsh (cy, cy-*) | ? | 8.0 | No support | ? | No support |
| Hyphenation dictionary for other languages | ? | No support | No support | ? | No support |
| Feature | Android | Android Webview | Firefox Mobile (Gecko) | IE Mobile | Opera Mobile | Safari Mobile | Chrome for Android |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | 4.0-webkit1 | 55.0 (unprefixed) | 6.0 (6.0)-moz2 43.0 (43.0) | No support | 44 | 4.2-webkit | 55.0 (unprefixed) |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Afrikaans (af, af-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Bulgarian (bg, bg-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Catalan (ca, ca-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Croatian (hr, hr-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Czech (cs, cs-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Danish (da, da-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Dutch (nl, nl-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for English (en, en-*) | ? | 55.0 (unprefixed) | ? | ? | 44 | ? | 55.0 (unprefixed) |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Esperanto (eo, eo-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Estonian (et, et-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Finnish (fi, fi-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for French (fr, fr-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Galician (gl, gl-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for German, Traditional Orthography of 1901 (de-1901, de-AT-1901, de-DE-1901) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for German, Reformed Orthography of 1996 (de, de-1996, de-DE, de-AT, de-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for German, Swiss Orthography (de-CH, de-CH-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Hungarian (hu, hu-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Icelandic (is, is-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Interlingua (ia, ia-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Italian (it, it-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Kurmanji (kmr, kmr-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Latin (la, la-*) | ? | (Yes) | ? | ? | 44 | ? | (Yes) |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Lithuanian (lt, lt-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for *n (mn, mn-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Norwegian (Bokmål) (no, no-*, nb, nb-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Norwegian (Nynorsk) (nn, nn-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Polish (pl, pl-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Portuguese (pt, pt-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Brazilian Portuguese (pt-BR) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Russian (ru, ru-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Serbian, Bosnian, Serbo-Croatian (sh, sh-*, sr, sr-*, bs, bs-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Slovenian (sl, sl-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Spanish (es, es-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Swedish (sv, sv-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Turkish (tr, tr-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Ukrainian (uk, uk-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Upper Sorbian (hsb, hsb-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for Welsh (cy, cy-*) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Hyphenation dictionary for other languages | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |