前言
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Java中的Spring MVC简介笔记
MVC简介
-
Spring MVC基本概念 -
Spring MVC项目搭建
maven
使用
Spring MVC进行开发
实现数据绑定和文件上传
MVC
mvc是开发web架构的通用方式.
Front Controller(MVC)前端控制器,Front controller到Controller到View template,用户页面.
前端控制器
前端控制器用于分发调度,而控制器用于业务数据抽取,view template用于页面呈现.
MVC的本质
mvc的本质是将业务数据的抽取与业务逻辑的呈现想分离.(数据和呈现分离).
什么是所谓的mvc
mvc - Model-View-Controller
程序中的view是视图层,用于提供ui,是用来呈现数据的.模型层是业务数据的信息的表示.
模型层:
// 业务信息的构成
public class Course {
private Integer courseId;
private String title;
private Integer learningNum;
private Integer level;
private String imgPath;
private List<Chapter> chapterList;
public Integer getCourseId(){
return courseId;
}
public void setCourseId(Integer courseId){
this.courseId = courseId;
}
public String getTitle(){
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title){
this.title = title;
}
public Integer getLearningNum(){
return learningNum;
}
}
视图和模型- Controller控制器,控制层,作用是将数据传递给视图层,用于呈现.
mvc是一种架构模式,用于呈现的分层,分工合作,模型层,视图层,控制层.
spring mvc概念:
DispatcherServlet
controller - HandlerAdapter表现形式
集合
DispatcherServlet
Controller
HandlerAdapter
HandlerInterceptor
HandlerMapping
HandlerExecutionChain
ModelAndView
ViewResolver
View
DispatcherServlet重点
View Controller DispatcherServlet -> Request -> HandlerMapping -> Controller -> HandlerInterceptor -> Hander/HandlerAdapter
ModelAndView -> DispatcherServlet -> ViewResolver -> View -> Response
结构
DispatcherServlet
Common Services ->
Locale Resolution
Theme Resolution
Multipart(File Upload) Handing
Controller
HandlerMapping
HandlerInterceptor
Handler
-Data Binding
-Validation, Type Conversion, Formatting
-Invoke Service Layer
-Update Model and State
HandlerExceptionResolver
View
ViewResolver
View
spring mvc项目搭建-maven
// maven
pom(project object model) - an xml file(pom.xml)
// contains information
dependency management
coordinates
坐标Coordinates
groupId
artifactId
version
packaging
maven安装
下载解压maven,配置环境变量,(M2_HOME,Path),配置maven配置文件.
(M2_HOME,Path)
配置文件:
%HOME%\.m2
复制settings.xml文件到.m2下
打开.m2下文件settings.cml文件
配置:
<mirror>
<id>UK</id>
<name>UK Central</name>
<url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2</url>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
maven创建项目
eclipse -> eclipse kepler sr2 packages
eclipse -> window -> preferences -> maven -> Installations -> add -> 'maven-apache-maven-x.x.x->user settings`中确保路径正确.
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=dashucoding-arthur -DartifactId=spring-mvc-study
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp
点击回车键-都回车键
项目
Import -> maven -> existion maven projects -> spring-mvc-study /pom.xml
spring-mvc-study -> properties -> java build path -> spring-mvc-study/src/main/java(missing)
main -> folder -> java -> pom.xml
packaging: jar
点击pom.xml
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloMvcController{
@RequestMapping("/mvc");
// host:8080/hello/mvc
public String helloMvc(){
return "home";
}
}
mvn jetty:run
spring mvc操作
DispatcherServlet
WebApplicationContext
WebApplication
controller
model
service
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/courses")
public class CourseController {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CourseController.class);
private CourseService courseService;
}
Controller
@Controller
@RequestMapping
URL template(@RequestParam and @PathVarialbe)
HttpServletRequest and / or HttpSession
Binding绑定
是将请求中的字段按照名字匹配的原则填入模型对象.
CourseController.java
@RequestMapping(value="/admin", method=RequestMethod.GET, params="add")
public String createCourse(){
return "course_admin/edit";
}
package com.model;
FileUpload单文件上传
文件上传:
<dependency>
<groupId> commons-fileupload </groupId>
<artifactId> commons-fileupload </artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
JSON
json是一种轻量级的格式
ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
ResponseEntity
@ResponseBody/@ResquestBody
知识点
@RequestMapping
@PathVariable
@Controller
redirect/forward
MultipartFile
@ModelAttribute
@ResquestBody
@RequestParam
@ResponseBody
enctype="multipart/form-data"
multipartResolver
ResponseEntity
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