这一章节将通过完善Controller、View、ViewModel，来实现展现层的增删改查。最终实现效果如下图：
一、定义Controller
ABP对ASP.NET MVC Controllers进行了集成，通过引入Abp.Web.Mvc命名空间，创建Controller继承自AbpController， 我们即可使用ABP附加给我们的以下强大功能：
- 本地化
- 异常处理
- 对返回的JsonResult进行包装
- 审计日志
- 权限认证（[AbpMvcAuthorize]特性）
- 工作单元（默认未开启，通过添加[UnitOfWork]开启）
1，创建TasksController继承自AbpController
通过构造函数注入对应用服务的依赖。
[AbpMvcAuthorize]
public class TasksController : AbpController
{
private readonly ITaskAppService _taskAppService;
private readonly IUserAppService _userAppService;
public TasksController(ITaskAppService taskAppService, IUserAppService userAppService)
{
_taskAppService = taskAppService;
_userAppService = userAppService;
}
}
二、创建列表展示分部视图（_List.cshtml）
在分部视图中，我们通过循环遍历，输出任务清单。
@model IEnumerable<LearningMpaAbp.Tasks.Dtos.TaskDto>
<div>
<ul class="list-group">
@foreach (var task in Model)
{
<li class="list-group-item">
<div class="btn-group pull-right">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info" onclick="editTask(@task.Id);">Edit</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success" onclick="deleteTask(@task.Id);">Delete</button>
</div>
<div class="media">
<a class="media-left" href="#">
<i class="fa @task.GetTaskLable() fa-3x"></i>
</a>
<div class="media-body">
<h4 class="media-heading">@task.Title</h4>
<p class="text-info">@task.AssignedPersonName</p>
<span class="text-muted">@task.CreationTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
三，创建新增分部视图（_CreateTask.cshtml）
为了好的用户体验，我们采用异步加载的方式来实现任务的创建。
1，引入js文件
使用异步提交需要引入jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js和jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js，其中jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js，需要通过Nuget安装微软的Microsoft.jQuery.Unobtrusive.Ajax包获取。
然后通过捆绑一同引入到视图中。打开App_Start文件夹下的BundleConfig.cs，添加以下代码：
bundles.Add(
new ScriptBundle("~/Bundles/unobtrusive/js")
.Include(
"~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js",
"~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js"
)
);
找到Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml，添加对捆绑的js引用。
@Scripts.Render("~/Bundles/vendor/js/bottom")
@Scripts.Render("~/Bundles/js")
//在此处添加下面一行代码
@Scripts.Render("~/Bundles/unobtrusive/js")
2，创建分部视图
其中用到了Bootstrap-Modal，Ajax.BeginForm，对此不了解的可以参考
Ajax.BeginForm()知多少
Bootstrap-Modal的用法介绍
该Partial View绑定CreateTaskInput模型。最终_CreateTask.cshtml代码如下：
@model LearningMpaAbp.Tasks.Dtos.CreateTaskInput
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Create";
}
<div class="modal fade" id="add" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="createTask" data-backdrop="static">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button>
<h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Create Task</h4>
</div>
<div class="modal-body" id="modalContent">
@using (Ajax.BeginForm("Create", "Tasks", new AjaxOptions()
{
UpdateTargetId = "taskList",
InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace,
OnBegin = "beginPost('#add')",
OnSuccess = "hideForm('#add')",
OnFailure = "errorPost(xhr, status, error,'#add')"
}))
{
@Html.AntiForgeryToken()
<div class="form-horizontal">
<h4>Task</h4>
<hr />
@Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.AssignedPersonId, "AssignedPersonId", htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.DropDownList("AssignedPersonId", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.AssignedPersonId, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Title, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Description, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Description, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Description, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.State, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.EnumDropDownListFor(model => model.State, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.State, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Create</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
对应Controller代码：
[ChildActionOnly]
public PartialViewResult Create()
{
var userList = _userAppService.GetUsers();
ViewBag.AssignedPersonId = new SelectList(userList.Items, "Id", "Name");
return PartialView("_CreateTask");
}
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult Create(CreateTaskInput task)
{
var id = _taskAppService.CreateTask(task);
var input = new GetTasksInput();
var output = _taskAppService.GetTasks(input);
return PartialView("_List", output.Tasks);
}
四、创建更新分部视图（_EditTask.cshtml）
同样，该视图也采用异步更新方式，也采用Bootstrap-Modal，Ajax.BeginForm()技术。该Partial View绑定UpdateTaskInput模型。
@model LearningMpaAbp.Tasks.Dtos.UpdateTaskInput
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Edit";
}
<div class="modal fade" id="editTask" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="editTask" data-backdrop="static">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button>
<h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Edit Task</h4>
</div>
<div class="modal-body" id="modalContent">
@using (Ajax.BeginForm("Edit", "Tasks", new AjaxOptions()
{
UpdateTargetId = "taskList",
InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace,
OnBegin = "beginPost('#editTask')",
OnSuccess = "hideForm('#editTask')"
}))
{
@Html.AntiForgeryToken()
<div class="form-horizontal">
<h4>Task</h4>
<hr />
@Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
@Html.HiddenFor(model => model.Id)
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.AssignedPersonId, "AssignedPersonId", htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.DropDownList("AssignedPersonId", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.AssignedPersonId, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Title, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Description, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Description, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Description, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.State, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
<div class="col-md-10">
@Html.EnumDropDownListFor(model => model.State, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.State, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
<input type="submit" value="Save" class="btn btn-default" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
//该段代码十分重要，确保异步调用后jquery能正确执行验证逻辑
$(function () {
//allow validation framework to parse DOM
$.validator.unobtrusive.parse('form');
});
</script>
后台代码：
public PartialViewResult Edit(int id)
{
var task = _taskAppService.GetTaskById(id);
var updateTaskDto = AutoMapper.Mapper.Map<UpdateTaskInput>(task);
var userList = _userAppService.GetUsers();
ViewBag.AssignedPersonId = new SelectList(userList.Items, "Id", "Name", updateTaskDto.AssignedPersonId);
return PartialView("_EditTask", updateTaskDto);
}
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult Edit(UpdateTaskInput updateTaskDto)
{
_taskAppService.UpdateTask(updateTaskDto);
var input = new GetTasksInput();
var output = _taskAppService.GetTasks(input);
return PartialView("_List", output.Tasks);
}
五，创建Index视图
在首页中，我们一般会用来展示列表，并通过弹出模态框的方式来进行新增更新删除。为了使用ASP.NET MVC强视图带给我们的好处（模型绑定、输入校验等等），我们需要创建一个ViewModel来进行模型绑定。因为Abp提倡为每个不同的应用服务提供不同的Dto进行数据交互，新增对应CreateTaskInput，更新对应UpdateTaskInput，展示对应TaskDto。那我们创建的ViewModel就需要包含这几个模型，方可在一个视图中完成多个模型的绑定。
1，创建视图模型（IndexViewModel）
namespace LearningMpaAbp.Web.Models.Tasks
{
public class IndexViewModel
{
/// <summary>
/// 用来进行绑定列表过滤状态
/// </summary>
public TaskState? SelectedTaskState { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 列表展示
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<TaskDto> Tasks { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 创建任务模型
/// </summary>
public CreateTaskInput CreateTaskInput { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 更新任务模型
/// </summary>
public UpdateTaskInput UpdateTaskInput { get; set; }
public IndexViewModel(IReadOnlyList<TaskDto> items)
{
Tasks = items;
}
/// <summary>
/// 用于过滤下拉框的绑定
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<SelectListItem> GetTaskStateSelectListItems()
{
var list=new List<SelectListItem>()
{
new SelectListItem()
{
Text = "AllTasks",
Value = "",
Selected = SelectedTaskState==null
}
};
list.AddRange(Enum.GetValues(typeof(TaskState))
.Cast<TaskState>()
.Select(state=>new SelectListItem()
{
Text = $"TaskState_{state}",
Value = state.ToString(),
Selected = state==SelectedTaskState
})
);
return list;
}
}
}
2，创建视图
Index视图，通过加载Partial View的形式，将列表、新增视图一次性加载进来。
@using Abp.Web.Mvc.Extensions
@model LearningMpaAbp.Web.Models.Tasks.IndexViewModel
@{
ViewBag.Title = L("TaskList");
ViewBag.ActiveMenu = "TaskList"; //Matches with the menu name in SimpleTaskAppNavigationProvider to highlight the menu item
}
@section scripts{
@Html.IncludeScript("~/Views/Tasks/index.js");
}
<h2>
@L("TaskList")
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#add">Create Task</button>
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" href="@Url.Action("RemoteCreate")" data-target="#modal" role="button">（Create Task）使用Remote方式调用Modal进行展现</a>
<!--任务清单按照状态过滤的下拉框-->
<span class="pull-right">
@Html.DropDownListFor(
model => model.SelectedTaskState,
Model.GetTaskStateSelectListItems(),
new
{
@class = "form-control select2",
id = "TaskStateCombobox"
})
</span>
</h2>
<!--任务清单展示-->
<div class="row" id="taskList">
@{ Html.RenderPartial("_List", Model.Tasks); }
</div>
<!--通过初始加载页面的时候提前将创建任务模态框加载进来-->
@Html.Action("Create")
<!--编辑任务模态框通过ajax动态填充到此div中-->
<div id="edit">
</div>
<!--Remote方式弹出创建任务模态框-->
<div class="modal fade" id="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="createTask" data-backdrop="static">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
</div>
</div>
</div>
3，Remote方式创建任务讲解
Remote方式就是，点击按钮的时候去加载创建任务的PartialView到指定的div中。而我们代码中另一种方式是通过@Html.Action("Create")的方式，在加载Index的视图的作为子视图同步加载了进来。
感兴趣的同学自行查看源码，不再讲解。
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" href="@Url.Action("RemoteCreate")" data-target="#modal" role="button">（Create Task）使用Remote方式调用Modal进行展现</a>
<!--Remote方式弹出创建任务模态框-->
<div class="modal fade" id="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="createTask" data-backdrop="static">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
</div>
</div>
</div>
4，后台代码
public ActionResult Index(GetTasksInput input)
{
var output = _taskAppService.GetTasks(input);
var model = new IndexViewModel(output.Tasks)
{
SelectedTaskState = input.State
};
return View(model);
}
5，js代码（index.js）
var taskService = abp.services.app.task;
(function ($) {
$(function () {
var $taskStateCombobox = $('#TaskStateCombobox');
$taskStateCombobox.change(function () {
getTaskList();
});
var $modal = $(".modal");
//显示modal时，光标显示在第一个输入框
$modal.on('shown.bs.modal',
function () {
$modal.find('input:not([type=hidden]):first').focus();
});
});
})(jQuery);
//异步开始提交时，显示遮罩层
function beginPost(modalId) {
var $modal = $(modalId);
abp.ui.setBusy($modal);
}
//异步开始提交结束后，隐藏遮罩层并清空Form
function hideForm(modalId) {
var $modal = $(modalId);
var $form = $modal.find("form");
abp.ui.clearBusy($modal);
$modal.modal("hide");
//创建成功后，要清空form表单
$form[0].reset();
}
//处理异步提交异常
function errorPost(xhr, status, error, modalId) {
if (error.length>0) {
abp.notify.error('Something is going wrong, please retry again later!');
var $modal = $(modalId);
abp.ui.clearBusy($modal);
}
}
function editTask(id) {
abp.ajax({
url: "/tasks/edit",
data: { "id": id },
type: "GET",
dataType: "html"
})
.done(function (data) {
$("#edit").html(data);
$("#editTask").modal("show");
})
.fail(function (data) {
abp.notify.error('Something is wrong!');
});
}
function deleteTask(id) {
abp.message.confirm(
"是否删除Id为" + id + "的任务信息",
function (isConfirmed) {
if (isConfirmed) {
taskService.deleteTask(id)
.done(function () {
abp.notify.info("删除任务成功！");
getTaskList();
});
}
}
);
}
function getTaskList() {
var $taskStateCombobox = $('#TaskStateCombobox');
var url = '/Tasks/GetList?state=' + $taskStateCombobox.val();
abp.ajax({
url: url,
type: "GET",
dataType: "html"
})
.done(function (data) {
$("#taskList").html(data);
});
}
js代码中处理了Ajax回调函数，以及任务状态过滤下拉框更新事件，编辑、删除任务代码。其中getTaskList()函数是用来异步属性列表，对应调用的GetList()Action的后台代码如下：
public PartialViewResult GetList(GetTasksInput input)
{
var output = _taskAppService.GetTasks(input);
return PartialView("_List", output.Tasks);
}
六、总结
至此，完成了任务的增删改查。展现层主要用到了Asp.net mvc的强类型视图、Bootstrap-Modal、Ajax异步提交技术。
其中需要注意的是，在异步加载表单时，需要添加以下js代码，jquery方能进行前端验证。
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
//allow validation framework to parse DOM
$.validator.unobtrusive.parse('form');
});
</script>
源码已上传至Github-LearningMpaAbp，可自行参考。