本地测试AJAX请求

2023-08-04 20:43:22

要在本地测试AJAX，首先是环境的搭建，因为XHR对象的open方法中参数url是指文件在服务器上的文件。下面以WampServer为例。

1. 下载wamp的安装包，下载地址为：http://221.181.72.84/softdl.360tpcdn.com/WampServer/WampServer_2.5.exe

2.安装wamp。按照步骤安装即可。

3.安装完wamp后，双击桌面上wamp的快捷方式启动wamp。

如果wamp正常启动后，任务栏右下角有绿色的图标：本地测试AJAX请求

接下来以W3C的几个完整的测试代码为例。

测试实例1：

本地测试AJAX请求

ajax.html代码为：

<html>

<head>

<script type="text/javascript">

function showHint(str)//当用户在输入框中键入字符时，会执行函数“showHint（）”，该函数由“onkeyup”事件触发；

{

var xmlhttp;

if (str.length==0)

  {

  document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML="";

  return;

  }//如果输入框为空（str.length==0），则该函数清空txtHint占位符的内容，并退出函数；

if (window.XMLHttpRequest)

  {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari

  xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();

  }

else

  {// code for IE6, IE5

  xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");

  }

xmlhttp.open("GET","http://localhost/my/php/gethint.php?q="+str,true);

xmlhttp.send();

xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()

  {

  if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)

    {

    document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText;

    }

  }

}//如果输入框不为空，showHint（）函数执行以下任务：1.创建XHR对象 2.把请求发送到服务器上的文件 3.当服务器响应就绪时执行函数 4.注意我们向url添加了一个函数q（带有输入框的内容）；

</script>

</head>

<body>

<h3>请在下面的输入框中键入字母（A - Z）：</h3>

<form action="">

姓氏：<input type="text" id="txt1" onkeyup="showHint(this.value)" />

</form>

<p>建议：<span id="txtHint"></span></p> 

</body>

</html>

gethint.php代码为：

<?php

// 用名字来填充数组

$a[]="Anna";

$a[]="Brittany";

$a[]="Cinderella";

$a[]="Diana";

$a[]="Eva";

$a[]="Fiona";

$a[]="Gunda";

$a[]="Hege";

$a[]="Inga";

$a[]="Johanna";

$a[]="Kitty";

$a[]="Linda";

$a[]="Nina";

$a[]="Ophelia";

$a[]="Petunia";

$a[]="Amanda";

$a[]="Raquel";

$a[]="Cindy";

$a[]="Doris";

$a[]="Eve";

$a[]="Evita";

$a[]="Sunniva";

$a[]="Tove";

$a[]="Unni";

$a[]="Violet";

$a[]="Liza";

$a[]="Elizabeth";

$a[]="Ellen";

$a[]="Wenche";

$a[]="Vicky";

//获得来自 URL 的 q 参数

$q=$_GET["q"];

//如果 q 大于 0，则查找数组中的所有提示

if (strlen($q) > 0)

  {

  $hint="";

  for($i=0; $i<count($a); $i++)

    {

    if (strtolower($q)==strtolower(substr($a[$i],0,strlen($q))))

      {

      if ($hint=="")

        {

        $hint=$a[$i];

        }

      else

        {

        $hint=$hint." , ".$a[$i];

        }

      }

    }

  }

// 如果未找到提示，则把输出设置为 "no suggestion"

// 否则设置为正确的值

if ($hint == "")

  {

  $response="no suggestion";

  }

else

  {

  $response=$hint;

  }

//输出响应

echo $response;

?>

最后把HTML文件和php文件保存在wamp安装目录下www文件夹下相同的目录下（我的是php文件夹）:

本地测试AJAX请求

然后通过本地服务器打开html文件（比如我的是http://localhost/my/php/ajax.html）:

本地测试AJAX请求

测试实例2：

xml.html代码：

<html>

<head>

<script type="text/javascript">

function loadXMLDoc(url)

{

var xmlhttp;

var txt,x,xx,i;

if (window.XMLHttpRequest)

  {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari

  xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();

  }

else

  {// code for IE6, IE5

  xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");

  }

xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()

  {

  if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)

    {

    txt="<table border='1'><tr><th>Title</th><th>Artist</th></tr>";

    x=xmlhttp.responseXML.documentElement.getElementsByTagName("CD");

    for (i=0;i<x.length;i++)

      {

      txt=txt + "<tr>";

      xx=x[i].getElementsByTagName("TITLE");

        {

        try

          {

          txt=txt + "<td>" + xx[0].firstChild.nodeValue + "</td>";

          }

        catch (er)

          {

          txt=txt + "<td> </td>";

          }

        }

      xx=x[i].getElementsByTagName("ARTIST");

        {

        try

          {

          txt=txt + "<td>" + xx[0].firstChild.nodeValue + "</td>";

          }

        catch (er)

          {

          txt=txt + "<td> </td>";

          }

        }

      txt=txt + "</tr>";

      }

    txt=txt + "</table>";

    document.getElementById('txtCDInfo').innerHTML=txt;

    }

  }

xmlhttp.open("GET",url,true);

xmlhttp.send();

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="txtCDInfo">

<button onclick="loadXMLDoc('http://localhost/my/php/cd_catalog.xml')">获得 CD 信息</button>

</div>

</body>

</html>

　cd_catalog.xml代码为：

<CATALOG>

<CD>

<TITLE>Empire Burlesque</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Bob Dylan</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>

<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1985</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Hide your heart</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Bonnie Tyler</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>CBS Records</COMPANY>

<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1988</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Greatest Hits</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Dolly Parton</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>RCA</COMPANY>

<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1982</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Still got the blues</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Gary Moore</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Virgin records</COMPANY>

<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>

<YEAR>1990</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Eros</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Eros Ramazzotti</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>BMG</COMPANY>

<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1997</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>One night only</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Bee Gees</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>

<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1998</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Sylvias Mother</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Dr.Hook</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>CBS</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.10</PRICE>

<YEAR>1973</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Maggie May</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Rod Stewart</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Pickwick</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.50</PRICE>

<YEAR>1990</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Romanza</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Andrea Bocelli</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>

<PRICE>10.80</PRICE>

<YEAR>1996</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>When a man loves a woman</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Percy Sledge</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>

<YEAR>1987</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Black angel</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Savage Rose</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Mega</COMPANY>

<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1995</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>1999 Grammy Nominees</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Many</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Grammy</COMPANY>

<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>

<YEAR>1999</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>For the good times</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Kenny Rogers</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Mucik Master</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>

<YEAR>1995</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Big Willie style</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Will Smith</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>

<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1997</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Tupelo Honey</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Van Morrison</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>

<YEAR>1971</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>The very best of</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Cat Stevens</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Island</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1990</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Stop</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Sam Brown</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>A and M</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1988</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Bridge of Spies</TITLE>

<ARTIST>T'Pau</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Siren</COMPANY>

<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1987</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Private Dancer</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Tina Turner</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Capitol</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1983</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Midt om natten</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Kim Larsen</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Medley</COMPANY>

<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>

<YEAR>1983</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Pavarotti Gala Concert</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Luciano Pavarotti</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>DECCA</COMPANY>

<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1991</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>The dock of the bay</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Otis Redding</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>

<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>

<YEAR>1987</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Picture book</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Simply Red</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>Elektra</COMPANY>

<PRICE>7.20</PRICE>

<YEAR>1985</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Red</TITLE>

<ARTIST>The Communards</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>London</COMPANY>

<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>

<YEAR>1987</YEAR>

</CD>

<CD>

<TITLE>Unchain my heart</TITLE>

<ARTIST>Joe Cocker</ARTIST>

<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>

<COMPANY>EMI</COMPANY>

<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>

<YEAR>1987</YEAR>

</CD>

</CATALOG>

　运行结果：

本地测试AJAX请求

以上。

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