明日科技的SQL Server---6

use db_2012
--声明局部变量,并为它赋值
declare @someName nchar(10)
select @someName = Name from tb_Student where Spe = '会计学'
print @someName
--使用SET为变量赋值
declare @song char(20)
set @song = 'I love flower'
print @song
--多个变量一起声明并赋值
declare @b int, @c char(10),@a int
select @b = 1, @c ='love', @a = 2
print @b
print @c
print @a

--全局变量
--select @@connections
--select @@cpu_busy
--select @@CURSOR_ROWS
--select @@DBTS
--select @@ERROR
--select @@FETCH_STATUS
--select @@IDENTITY
--select @@IDLE
--select @@IO_BUSY
--select @@LOCK_TIMEOUT
--select @@PACK_RECEIVED
--select @@PACK_SENT
--select @@PROCID
--select @@remserver    
--select @@ROWCOUNT
--select @@SPID
--select @@TOTAL_ERRORS
--select @@TOTAL_READ
--select @@TOTAL_WRITE
--select @@TRANCOUNT
--select @@VERSION

--把所选行一次都注释的快捷键是Ctrl + K, Ctrl + C, 取消注释是Ctrl + K, Ctrl + U

--流程控制
-- begin ... end
declare @x int, @y int, @t int
set @x = 1
set @y = 2
begin
set @t = @x
set @x = @y
set @y = @t
end
print @x
print @y
go
-- if
declare @x int
set @x = 3
if @x > 0
print '@x是正数'
print 'end'
go

declare @x int
set @x = 8
if @x % 2 = 0
begin
print '@x是偶数'
print 'end'
end
go

-- if ... else
declare @x int, @y int
set @x = 3
set @y = 3
if @x > @y
print '@x大于@y'
else
print '@x小于或等于@y'
go

--嵌套使用
declare @x int, @y int
set @x = -8
set @y = -3
if @x > 0
    if @y > 0
        print '@x@y位于第一象限'
    else
        print '@x@y位于第四象限'
else
    if @y > 0
        print '@x@y位于第二象限'
    else
        print '@x@y位于第三象限'

-- case ... when分为case简单函数和case搜索函数
-- 这个一个case搜索函数的例子
use db_2012
go
select *, 备注=
case
    when Grade >= 90 then '成绩优秀'
    when Grade < 90 and Grade >= 80 then '成绩良好'
    when Grade < 80 and Grade >= 70 then '成绩及格'
else '不及格'
end
from tb_Grade
-- while(可搭配continue和break语句使用)
-- 求1到10之间的和
declare @n int, @sum int
set @n = 1
set @sum = 0
while @n <= 10
    begin
        set @sum = @sum + @n
        set @n = @n+1
    end
print @sum

-- return
declare @x int
set @x = 3
if @x > 0
    print '遇到return之前'
return
print '遇到return之后'
go

-- goto
declare @x int
select @x = 1
loving:
    print @x
    select @x = @x + 1
while @x <= 3 goto loving

-- waitfor
-- 等待3秒显示
waitfor delay '00:00:03'
print '祝你节日快乐'

-- ?点显示
waitfor time '10:28:40'
print '现在时间10:25:50'

-- declare 字符时要指定长度,多个声明用逗号相隔
declare @c char(8), @c2 char(20)
set @c = 'xyz'
set @c2 = @c
print @c2
go

-- print
declare @x char(20)
set @x = '不再让你孤单'
print @x
print '最喜爱的电影' + @x

-- backup
backup database db_2012 to disk='backup.bak'
--restore
restore database db_2012 from disk='backup.bak' with replace

-- select
use db_2012
declare @courses char(10)
select @courses = Subjet from tb_Grade
print @courses
go

-- set
declare @x int
set @x = 1
print @x

--shutdown
shutdown with nowait --立即停止SQL Server的执行

-- use
use db_2012
select * from Student

--练习

 

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