PHP全栈学习笔记7

PHP全栈学习笔记7

图形图像处理技术,gd库的强大支持,PHP的图像可以是PHP的强项,PHP图形化类库,jpgraph是一款非常好用的强大的图形处理工具。

在PHP中加载GD库

gd官方网址下载:

http://www.boutell.com/gd

激活gd库,修改php.in文件

将该文件中的“;extension=php_gd2.dll”选项前的分号“;”删除

验证GD库是否安装成功

输入“127.0.0.1/phpinfo.php”并按Enter键,检索到的安装信息,即说明GD库安装成功。

Jpgraph的安装与配置

官方网站http://www.aditus.nu/jpgraph/下载

解压到文件夹,编辑php.ini文件,修改include_path参数,如include_path = ".;F:\AppServ\www\jpgraph",重新启动Apache。

配置Jpgraph类库的文件jpg-config.inc.php,

支持中文的配置

DEFINE('CHINESE_TTF_FONT','bkai00mp.ttf');

默认图片格式的配置

DEFINE("DEFAULT_GFORMAT","auto");

创建画布,可以通过imagecreate()函数实现

<?php
$im = imagecreate(200,100);
$white = imagecolorallocate($im, 255,65,150);
imagegif($im);
?>

gd库支持中文,但只能是utf-8,使用imageString()会显示乱码,只能接收utf-8编码格式,默认使用英文字体。

header()函数定义输出图像类型

imagecreatefromjpeg()函数载入图片

imagecolorallocate()函数设置输出字体颜色

iconv()函数对输出的中文字符串的编码格式进行转换

imageTTFText()函数向照片中添加文字

<?php
header("content-type:image/jpeg");
$im = imagecreateformjpeg("images/photo.jpg");
$textcolor = imagecolorallocate($im, 35,35,23); //定义字体
$fnt="c:/windows/fonts/simhei.ttf";
//定义输出字体串
$motto = iconv("gb2312","utf-8","长白山");
// 写文字
imageTTFText($im, 220,0,200,233, $textcolor, $fnt, $motto); // 写TTF文字到图中
// 简历里jpeg图形
imageipeg($im);
imagedestory($im);
?>

使用图像处理技术生成的验证码

<?php
session_start();
header("content-type:image/png"); //设置创建图像的格式
$image_width=70; //设置图像宽度
$image_height=18; //设置图像高度
srand(microtime()*100000); //设置随机数的种子
for($i=0;$i<4;$i++){ //循环输出一个4位的随机数
$new_number.=dechex(rand(0,15));
}
$_SESSION[check_checks]=$new_number; //将获取的随机数验证码写入到SESSION变量中 $num_image=imagecreate($image_width,$image_height); //创建一个画布
imagecolorallocate($num_image,255,255,255); //设置画布的颜色
for($i=0;$i<strlen($_SESSION[check_checks]);$i++){ //循环读取SESSION变量中的验证码
$font=mt_rand(3,5); //设置随机的字体
$x=mt_rand(1,8)+$image_width*$i/4; //设置随机字符所在位置的X坐标
$y=mt_rand(1,$image_height/4); //设置随机字符所在位置的Y坐标
$color=imagecolorallocate($num_image,mt_rand(0,100),mt_rand(0,150),mt_rand(0,200)); //设置字符的颜色
imagestring($num_image,$font,$x,$y,$_SESSION[check_checks][$i],$color); //水平输出字符
}
imagepng($num_image); //生成PNG格式的图像
imagedestroy($num_image); //释放图像资源
?>
<?php
session_start();
if($_POST["Submit"]!=""){
$checks=$_POST["checks"];
if($checks==""){
echo "<script> alert('验证码不能为空');window.location.href='index.php';</script>";
}
if($checks==$_SESSION[check_checks]){
echo "<script> alert('用户登录成功!');window.location.href='index.php';</script>";
}else{
echo "<script> alert('您输入的验证码不正确!');window.location.href='index.php';</script>";
}
}
?>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>验证码应用</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.STYLE1 {
font-size: 12px;
color: #FFFFFF;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style2 {font-weight: bold; font-size: 12px;}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form name="form" method="post" action="">
<table width="1003" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td width="168" height="169" background="images/index_01.gif">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="685" background="images/index_02.gif">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="150" background="images/index_03.gif">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="168" height="311" background="images/index_04.gif">&nbsp;</td>
<td background="images/index_05.gif"><table width="675" height="169" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td height="43" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="382" height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="207" height="24" valign="middle"><span class="style2">用户名</span><span class="STYLE1">
<input name="txt_user" id="txt_user" style="height:20px " size="10">
</span></td>
<td width="86" height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
<td height="24" valign="middle"><span class="style2">密码</span><span class="STYLE1">
<input name="txt_pwd" type="password" id="txt_pwd" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; height:20px" size="10">
</span></td>
<td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
<td height="24" valign="middle"><span class="style2">验证码</span><span class="STYLE1">
<input name="checks" size="6" style="height:20px ">
<img src="checks.php" width="70" height="18" border="0" align="bottom"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="登录"></td>
<td align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table></td>
<td background="images/index_06.gif">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="100">&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

使用柱形图

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_bar.php"); $datay=array(160,180,203,289,405,488,489,408,299,166,187,105); //创建画布
$graph = new Graph(600,300,"auto");
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->yaxis->scale->SetGrace(20); //创建画布阴影
$graph->SetShadow(); //设置显示区左、右、上、下距边线的距离,单位为像素
$graph->img->SetMargin(40,30,30,40); //创建一个矩形的对象
$bplot = new BarPlot($datay); //设置柱形图的颜色
$bplot->SetFillColor('orange');
//设置显示数字
$bplot->value->Show();
//在柱形图中显示格式化的图书销量
$bplot->value->SetFormat('%d');
//将柱形图添加到图像中
$graph->Add($bplot); //设置画布背景色为淡蓝色
$graph->SetMarginColor("lightblue"); //创建标题
$graph->title->Set("《PHP》"); //设置X坐标轴文字
$a=array("1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月");
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($a); //设置字体
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN);
$graph->xaxis->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN); //输出矩形图表
$graph->Stroke();
?>

使用折线图统计

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_line.php"); //引用折线图LinePlot类文件
$datay = array(8320,9360,14956,17028,13060,15376,25428,16216,28548,18632,22724,28460); //填充的数据
$graph = new Graph(600,300,"auto"); //创建画布
$graph->img->SetMargin(50,40,30,40); //设置统计图所在画布的位置,左边距50、右边距40、上边距30、下边距40,单位为像素
$graph->img->SetAntiAliasing(); //设置折线的平滑状态
$graph->SetScale("textlin"); //设置刻度样式
$graph->SetShadow(); //创建画布阴影
$graph->title->Set("2000年PHP图书月销售额折线图"); //设置标题
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); //设置标题字体
$graph->SetMarginColor("lightblue"); //设置画布的背景颜色为淡蓝色
$graph->yaxis->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); //设置Y轴标题的字体
$graph->xaxis->SetPos("min");
$graph->yaxis->HideZeroLabel();
$graph->ygrid->SetFill(true,'#EFEFEF@0.5','#BBCCFF@0.5');
$a=array("1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"); //X轴
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($a); //设置X轴
$graph->xaxis->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN); //设置X坐标轴的字体
$graph->yscale->SetGrace(20); $p1 = new LinePlot($datay); //创建折线图对象
$p1->mark->SetType(MARK_FILLEDCIRCLE); //设置数据坐标点为圆形标记
$p1->mark->SetFillColor("red"); //设置填充的颜色
$p1->mark->SetWidth(4); //设置圆形标记的直径为4像素
$p1->SetColor("blue"); //设置折形颜色为蓝色
$p1->SetCenter(); //在X轴的各坐标点中心位置绘制折线
$graph->Add($p1); //在统计图上绘制折线
$graph->Stroke(); //输出图像
?>

应用3D饼形图

<?php
include_once ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include_once ("jpgraph/jpgraph_pie.php");
include_once ("jpgraph/jpgraph_pie3d.php"); //引用3D饼图PiePlot3D对象所在的类文件 $data = array(266036,295621,335851,254256,254254,685425); //定义数组
$graph = new PieGraph(540,260,'auto'); //创建画布
$graph->SetShadow(); //设置画布阴影 $graph->title->Set("应用3D饼形图统计2000年商品的年销售额比率"); //创建标题
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); //设置标题字体
$graph->legend->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_NORMAL); //设置图例字体 $p1 = new PiePlot3D($data); //创建3D饼形图对象
$p1->SetLegends(array("IT数码","家电通讯","家居日用","服装鞋帽","健康美容","食品烟酒"));
$targ=array("pie3d_csimex1.php?v=1","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=2","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=3",
"pie3d_csimex1.php?v=4","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=5","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=6");
$alts=array("val=%d","val=%d","val=%d","val=%d","val=%d","val=%d");
$p1->SetCSIMTargets($targ,$alts); $p1->SetCenter(0.4,0.5); //设置饼形图所在画布的位置
$graph->Add($p1); //将3D饼图形添加到图像中
$graph->StrokeCSIM(); //输出图像到浏览器 ?>

应用柱形图依次统计2000年月销量

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_bar.php"); $datay1=array(58,85,65,39,120,91,152,49,97,130,67);
$datay2=array(18,35,101,69,138,131,112,149,88,60,77); $graph = new Graph(620,300,'auto');
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->SetShadow();
$graph->SetMarginColor("yellow"); //设置画布背景色为淡蓝色
$graph->img->SetMargin(40,30,40,40);
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($gDateLocale->GetShortMonth()); $graph->xaxis->title->Set('');
$graph->xaxis->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); $graph->title->Set('应用柱形图依次统计2000年月销量');
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); $bplot1 = new BarPlot($datay1);
$bplot2 = new BarPlot($datay2); $bplot1->SetFillColor("orange");
$bplot2->SetFillColor("lightblue"); $bplot1->SetShadow();
$bplot2->SetShadow(); $bplot1->SetShadow();
$bplot2->SetShadow(); $gbarplot = new GroupBarPlot(array($bplot1,$bplot2));
$gbarplot->SetWidth(0.6);
$graph->Add($gbarplot); $graph->Stroke();
?>

轿车的月销量统计

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_line.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_scatter.php"); $datay1 = array(83,57,93,112,142,112,89,125,69,105,118,75); //定义数组 //创建画布
$graph = new Graph(620,260);
$graph->SetMarginColor('red');
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->SetFrame(false);
$graph->SetMargin(30,5,25,20); //创建标签标题、颜色、文字大小等属性
$graph->tabtitle->Set(' 2000年轿车的月销量统计 ' );
$graph->tabtitle->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_NORMAL,10);
$graph->tabtitle->SetColor('darkred','yellow');
// 设置X轴网格
$graph->xgrid->Show(); //应用月份做为X轴的坐标
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($gDateLocale->GetShortMonth()); //创建折线对象
$p1 = new LinePlot($datay1);
$p1->SetColor("navy"); $p1->mark->SetType(MARK_IMG,'car.gif',0.8); //载入汽车模型标记,并限制其输出大小 //输出汽车模型标记的位置
$p1->value->SetFormat('%d');
$p1->value->Show();
$p1->value->SetColor('darkred');
$p1->value->SetFont(FF_ARIAL,FS_BOLD,10);
$p1->value->SetMargin(14); //设置汽车销量距汽车模型标记的距离 $p1->SetCenter(); //设置汽车销量及模型在X轴各坐标点居中显示
$graph->Add($p1); //添加折线图到图像中
$graph->Stroke(); //输出图像到浏览器 ?>

统计2006年、2007年、2008年、2009年农产品的产量比率

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_pie.php"); //定义数组
$data1 = array(40,21,17,14,23);
$data2 = array(60,54,107,24,83);
$data3 = array(52,151,99,110,223);
$data4 = array(70,181,117,114,33); //创建画布
$graph = new PieGraph(600,350,"auto");
$graph->SetShadow(); //设置标题名称
$graph->title->Set("统计2006年、2007年、2008年、2009年农产品的产量比率");
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);
$graph->legend->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_NORMAL); //创建饼形图对象
$size=0.13;
$p1 = new PiePlot($data1);
$p1->SetLegends(array("大豆","玉米","水稻","小麦","高梁"));
$p1->SetSize($size);
$p1->SetCenter(0.25,0.32);
$p1->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p1->title->Set("2006年");
$p1->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); $p2 = new PiePlot($data2);
$p2->SetSize($size);
$p2->SetCenter(0.65,0.32);
$p2->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p2->title->Set("2007年");
$p2->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); $p3 = new PiePlot($data3);
$p3->SetSize($size);
$p3->SetCenter(0.25,0.75);
$p3->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p3->title->Set("2008年");
$p3->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); $p4 = new PiePlot($data4);
$p4->SetSize($size);
$p4->SetCenter(0.65,0.75);
$p4->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p4->title->Set("2009年");
$p4->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD); $graph->Add($p1);
$graph->Add($p2);
$graph->Add($p3);
$graph->Add($p4); $graph->Stroke(); ?>

文件系统

文件是用来存储数据的方式之一。

打开文件,关闭文件,读写文件,操作文件。

打开文件

resource fopen ( string filename, string mode [, bool use_include_path]);

关闭文件

bool fclose ( resource handle ) ;

<?php
$f_open =fopen("../file.txt.","rb"); //打开文件
… //对文件进行操作
fclose($f_open) //操作完成后关闭文件
?>

读取数据

可以读取一个字符,一行字串,整个文件

读取文件:readfile()、file()和file_get_contents()

readfile()函数

读入一个文件并将其写入到输出缓冲

int readfile(string filename)

file()函数读取整个文件的内容

file()函数将文件内容按行存放到数组中

array file(string filename)

file_get_contents()函数

将文件内容(filename)读入一个字符串

string file_get_contents(string filename[,int offset[,int maxlen]])

案例:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>读取整个文件</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td width="250" height="25" align="right" valign="middle" scope="col">使用readfile()函数读取文件内容:</td>
<td height="25" align="center" valign="middle" scope="col">
<?php readfile('tm.txt'); ?> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" align="right" valign="middle">使用file()函数读取文件内容:</td>
<td height="25" align="center" valign="middle">
<?php
$f_arr = file('tm.txt');
foreach($f_arr as $cont){
echo $cont."<br>";
}
?></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="250" height="25" align="right" valign="middle" scope="col">使用file_get_contents()函数读取文件内容:</td>
<td height="25" align="center" valign="middle" scope="col">
<?php $f_chr = file_get_contents('tm.txt');
echo $f_chr; ?></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

读取一行数据:fgets()和fgetss()

fgets()函数用于一次读取一行数据

string fgets( int handle [, int length] )

fgetss()函数是fgets()函数的变体,用于读取一行数据

string fgetss ( resource handle [, int length [, string
allowable_tags]] )

fgets和fgetss的区别

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>fgets和fgetss的区别</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td height="30" align="right" valign="middle" scope="col">使用fgets函数:</td>
<td height="30" align="center" valign="middle" scope="col">
<?php
$fopen = fopen('fun.php','rb');
while(!feof($fopen)){
echo fgets($fopen);
}
fclose($fopen);
?> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="30" align="right" valign="middle">使用fgetss函数:</td>
<td height="30" align="center" valign="middle">
<?php
$fopen = fopen('fun.php','rb');
while(!feof($fopen)){
echo fgetss($fopen);
}
fclose($fopen);
?> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

读取一个字符:fgetc() 读取任意长度的字串:fread()

string fgetc ( resource handle )

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用fgetc函数读取字符</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<pre>
<?php
$fopen = fopen('03.txt','rb');
while(false !== ($chr = fgetc($fopen))){
echo $chr;
}
fclose($fopen);
?>
</pre>
</body>
</html> string fread ( int handle, int length ) <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用fread函数读取文件</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
$filename = "04.txt";
$fp = fopen($filename,"rb");
echo fread($fp,32);
echo "<p>";
echo fread($fp,filesize($filename));
?>
</body>
</html>

写入文件

使用fwrite()和file_put_contents()函数向文件中写入数据

fwrite()函数

int fwrite ( resource handle, string string [, int length] )

file_put_contents()函数

int file_put_contents ( string filename, string data [, int
flags])

使用fwrite和file_put_contents函数写入数据

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用fwrite和file_put_contents函数写入数据</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
$filepath = "05.txt";
$str = "此情可待成追忆 只是当时已惘然<br>";
echo "用fwrite写入文件:";
$fopen = fopen($filepath,'wb') or die('文件不存在');
fwrite($fopen,$str);
fclose($fopen);
readfile($filepath);
echo "<p>用file_put_contents写入文件:";
file_put_contents($filepath,$str);
readfile($filepath);
?>
</body>
</html>

操作文件

bool copy();
bool rename();
bool unlink();
int fileatime();
int filemtime();
int filesize();
array pathinfo();
string realpath();

目 录 处 理

打开/关闭目录

浏览目录

操作目录

opendir()函数

resource opendir ( string path)

closedir()函数

void closedir ( resource handle )

案例:

<?php
$path = "D:\\55555\\www\\55\\55\\12" ;
if (is_dir($path)){ //检测是否是一个目录
if ($dire = opendir($path)) //判断打开目录是否成功
echo $dire; //输出目录指针
}else{
echo '路径错误';
exit();
}
… //其他操作
closedir($dire); //关闭目录
?>

浏览目录,scandir()函数

array scandir ( string directory [, int sorting_order ])
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>浏览目录</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
$path = 'E:\AppServ\www\mr\sl\13';
if(is_dir($path)){
$dir = scandir($path);
foreach($dir as $value){
echo $value."<br>";
}
}else{
echo "目录路径错误!";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

操作目录

bool mkdir
bool rmdir
string getcwd
bool chdir
float disk_free_space
string readdir
void rewinddir

高级应用

远程文件访问

文件指针

锁定文件

php.ini中配置,找到allow_url_fopen,设为ON

fopen('http://127.0.0.1/index.php','rb');

文件指针

1.rewind()函数

bool rewind ( resource handle )

2.fseek()函数

int fseek ( resource handle, int offset [, int whence] )

handle参数为要打开的文件

offset为指针位置或相对whence参数的偏移量,可以是负值

whence的值包括3种:

SEEK_SET,位置等于offset字节

SEEK_CUR,位置等于当前位置加上offset字节

SEEK_END,位置等于文件尾加上offset字节

如果忽略whence参数,系统默认为SEEK_SET

3.feof()函数

bool feof ( resource handle )

4.ftell()函数

int ftell ( resource handle )
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>文件指针函数</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
$filename = "07.txt";
$total = filesize($filename);
if(is_file($filename)){
echo "文件总字节数:".$total."<br>";
$fopen = fopen($filename,'rb');
echo "初始指针位置是:".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
fseek($fopen,33);
echo "使用fseek()函数后指针位置:".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
echo "输出当前指针后面的内容:".fgets($fopen)."<br>";
if(feof($fopen))
echo "当前指针指向文件末尾:".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
rewind($fopen);
echo "使用rewind()函数后指针的位置:".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
echo "输出前33字节的内容:".fgets($fopen,33);
fclose($fopen);
}else{
echo "文件不存在";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

锁定文件

bool flock ( int handle, int operation)

LOCK_SH取得共享锁定(读取程序)
LOCK_EX取得独占锁定(写入程序)
LOCK_UN释放锁定
LOCK_NB防止flock()在锁定时堵塞
operation的参数
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用flock函数</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$filename = '08.txt'; //声明要打开的文件的名称
$fd = fopen($filename,'w'); //以w形式打开文件
flock($fd, LOCK_EX); //锁定文件(毒针共享
fwrite($fd, "hightman1"); //向文件中写入数据
flock($fd, LOCK_UN); //解除锁定
fclose($fd); //关闭文件指针
readfile($filename); //输出文件内容
?>
</body>
</html>

文件上传

文件上传是要通过http协议来实现的,要在php.ini文件中进行对上传文件的设置,要了解$_FILES变量和函数move_uploaded_file()函数实现上传。

要配置php.ini文件,在文件中找到file_uploads,如果值为on,说明服务器支持文件上传,如果为off,则表示不支持,upload_tmp_dir为上传文件临时位置,系统默认,也可以自己定。

upload_max_filesize为服务器允许上传的文件的最大值,默认2mb。max_execution_timePHP中一个指令所能执行的最大时间,memory_limitPHP中一个指令所分配的内存空间。

$_FILES[filename][name]
上传文件的文件名 $_FILES[filename][size]
文件大小 $_FILES[filename][tmp_name]
为临时文件名 $_FILES[filename][type]
文件的类型 $_FILES[filename][error]
上传文件的结果。如果返回0,说明文件上传成功
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>$_FIELS变量</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<table width="500" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<tr>
<td width="150" height="30" align="right" valign="middle">请选择上传文件:</td>
<td width="250"><input type="file" name="upfile"/></td>
<td width="100"><input type="submit" name="submit" value="上传" /></td>
</tr>
</form>
</table>
<?php
if(!empty($_FILES)){
foreach($_FILES['upfile'] as $name => $value)
echo $name.' = '.$value.'<br>';
}
?>
</body>
</html>

文件上传函数

move_uploaded_file()函数上传文件

bool move_uploaded_file ( string filename, string destination )

将上传文件存储到指定的位置

单文件上传

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>单文件上传</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
if(!empty($_FILES[up_file][name])){
$fileinfo = $_FILES[up_file];
if($fileinfo['size'] < 1000000 && $fileinfo['size'] > 0){
move_uploaded_file($fileinfo['tmp_name'],$fileinfo['name']);
echo '上传成功';
}else{
echo '文件太大或未知';
}
}
?>
<table width="385" height="185" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" background="images/bg.JPG">
<tr>
<td width="142" height="80">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="174">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="69">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" name="form">
<tr>
<td height="30">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="left" valign="middle"><input name="up_file" type="file" size="12" /></td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="27" align="right">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="image" name="imageField" src="images/fg.bmp"></td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</form>
<tr>
<td height="48">&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table> </body>
</html>

多文件上传

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>多文件上传</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
font-size: 12px;
}
body {
margin-left: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
请选择要上传的文件
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" id="up_table" >
<tbody id="auto">
<tr id="show" >
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上传文件 </td>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上传文件 </td>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上传文件 </td>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上传文件 </td>
<td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="4" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input type="submit" value="上传" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<?php
if(!empty($_FILES[u_file][name])){
$file_name = $_FILES[u_file][name];
$file_tmp_name = $_FILES[u_file][tmp_name];
for($i = 0; $i < count($file_name); $i++){
if($file_name[$i] != ''){
move_uploaded_file($file_tmp_name[$i],$i.$file_name[$i]);
echo '文件'.$file_name[$i].'上传成功。更名为'.$i.$file_name[$i].'<br>';
}
}
}
?>
</body>
</html>

访问量:

<?php session_start();
if($_SESSION[temp]==""){ //判断$_SESSION[temp]==""的值是否为空,其中的temp为自定义的变量
if(($fp=fopen("counter.txt","r"))==false){
echo "打开文件失败!";
}else{
$counter=fgets($fp,1024); //读取文件中数据
fclose($fp); //关闭文本文件
$counter++; //计数器增加1
$fp=fopen("counter.txt","w"); //以写的方式打开文本文件<!---->
fputs($fp,$counter); //将新的统计数据增加1
fclose($fp);
} //关闭文
$_SESSION[temp]=1; //登录以后,$_SESSION[temp]的值不为空,给$_SESSION[temp]赋一个值1
}
?>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>通过文本文件统计页面访问量</title>
</head>
<body>
<img src="gd1.php" />
</BODY>
</HTML> <?php
//以图形的形式输出数据库中的记录数 if(($fp=fopen("counter.txt","r"))==false){
echo "打开文件失败!";
}else{
$counter=fgets($fp,1024);
fclose($fp);
//通过GD2函数创建画布
$im=imagecreate(240,24);
$gray=imagecolorallocate($im,255,255,255);
$color =imagecolorallocate($im,rand(0,255),rand(0,255),rand(0,255)); //定义字体颜色
//输出中文字符
$text=iconv("gb2312","utf-8","网站的访问量:"); //对指定的中文字符串进行转换
$font = "Fonts/FZHCJW.TTF";
imagettftext($im,14,0,20,18,$color,$font,$text); //输出中文
//输出网站的访问次数
imagestring($im,5,160,5,$counter,$color);
imagepng($im);
imagedestroy($im);
} ?>

限制大小的文件上传

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>限制大小的文件上传</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body {
margin-left: 00px;
margin-top: 0px;
margin-right: 0px;
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
-->
</style></head> <body>
<table width="385" height="185" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" background="images/bg.JPG">
<tr>
<td width="142" height="80">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="174">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="69">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<form name="form1" method="post" action="index_ok.php" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<tr>
<td height="30">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="left" valign="middle"><input name="files" type="file" id="files" size="13" maxlength="150"> </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="27" align="right">&nbsp;</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="image" name="imageField" src="images/fg.bmp"></td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</form>
<tr>
<td height="48">&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html> <?php
if($_FILES['files']['name']==true){
$filesize=$_FILES['files']['size'];
if($filesize>1000000){
echo "对不起,您上传的文件超过规定的大小!!";
echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Refresh\" content=\"3;url=index.php\">将在3秒钟后返回前页...";
}else{
$path = './upfiles/'. $_FILES['files']['name'];
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['files']['tmp_name'],$path)) {
echo "上传成功!!";
echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Refresh\" content=\"3;url=index.php\">";
}else{
echo "文件上传失败!!";
echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Refresh\" content=\"3;url=index.php\">";
}
}
}
?>

结言

好了,欢迎在留言区留言,与大家分享你的经验和心得。

感谢你学习今天的内容,如果你觉得这篇文章对你有帮助的话,也欢迎把它分享给更多的朋友,感谢。

感谢!承蒙关照!您真诚的赞赏是我前进的最大动力!

PHP全栈学习笔记7

PHP全栈学习笔记7

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