Docker Compose 容器编排 NET Core 6+MySQL 8+Nginx + Redis

2023-08-02 14:24:10

环境：

CentOS 8.5.2111
Docker 20.10.10
Docker-Compose 2.1.0

服务：

db redis web nginx

NET Core 6+MySQL 8+Nginx + Redis

Kubernetes 又称 K8s ，是集群的，单机用 Docker Compose 编排容器比较方便

cat /etc/system-release     #查看版本

sudo yum update 

dnf -y update     #更新系统环境

先安装 Docker Engine 和 Docker Compose

1. Docker 安装

Docker三大核心概念：
镜像（Image）
容器（Container）
仓库（Repository）

https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/
https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/46000

DockerHub镜像加速器

使用加速器可以提升获取Docker官方镜像的速度
Docker Version不低于1.10时，建议直接通过daemon config进行配置

配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json（没有时新建该文件）

1. 创建一个Docker的配置文件

sudo vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

2. 编写配置文件

{

"registry-mirrors": [

"https://个人申请的.mirror.aliyuncs.com",

"https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com",

"https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",

"https://mirror.baidubce.com"

]

}

阿里云的个人加速器地址：https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-shenzhen/instances/mirrors

安装 Docker

1.添加 Docker 软件源（docker-ce 社区版）

dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2.查看已添加的 Docker 软件源

dnf list docker-ce

3.安装 Docker

dnf install -y docker-ce

4.重新加载并重启

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl restart docker

5.设置Docker开机自启

sudo systemctl enable docker

启动docker

sudo systemctl start docker

关闭docker

sudo systemctl stop docker

更新docker-ce

yum update docker-ce

Docker 常用命令

docker info   #查看信息

docker version  #查看版本

docker images #查看已有镜像

docker ps #查看当前运行中的容器

docker ps -a #查看所有容器，包括未运行中的

docker inspect netcoreip #查看容器详细信息

docker exec -it nginx ls #进入容器查看目录结构与文件

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) #删除全部容器

docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) #删除全部镜像

docker run -it ImageId /bin/bash #ImageId docker images 命令获取, 退出容器：执行 exit 命令

docker exec -it 容器ID /bin/bash #进入后台运行的容器

docker logs 容器ID/名称 #如未查看到刚才运行的容器，查看启动日志排错

强制删除镜像例子

docker rmi -f 60c033c82171

docker rmi -f netcorezeng

docker rmi -f microsoft/dotnet

强制删除容器例子

docker rm -f mysql8

卸载Docker

sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

2.Docker-Compose 容器编排

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1438222

V1 版本安装（不用这个）

https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/

sudo curl -L "https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose #设置权限

docker compose version #查看版本

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose #删除

V2 版本安装（当前用这个）

https://docs.docker.com/compose/cli-command/#install-on-linux
https://github.com/docker/compose

1.创建目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

2.下载

curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.1.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

上面方法一般都会因为网络原因下载失败使用下面方法
下载 docker-compose-linux-x86_64 重命名为 docker-compose 放到 /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

3.添加可执行权限

chmod +x /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose

3.Docker-Compose 配置

目录结构:

工程目录下 /home/docker_compose/docker-compose.yml

docker-compose.yml 配置

version: "3.9"

services:

   db:

        image: mysql

        container_name: mysql8

        restart: always

        volumes:

            - ./my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf

            - /home/data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql

        environment:

            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "root密码"

            MYSQL_DATABASE: "数据库名称"

            MYSQL_USER: "用户名"

            MYSQL_PASSWORD: "用户密码"

        ports:

            - 3306:3306

        command:

            - --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

            - --character-set-server=utf8mb4

            - --collation-server=utf8mb4_bin

   redis:

        image: redis

        container_name: redis

        volumes:

            - /home/data/redis:/var/lib/redis

            - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf

        ports:

            - 6379:6379

        command:

            redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf

   web:

        image: ${DOCKER_REGISTRY-}netcorezeng

        container_name: netcoreapp

        build:

          context: /home/app

          dockerfile: Dockerfile

        restart: always

        ports:

            - 5000:80

        depends_on:

            - db

            - redis

        environment:

           TZ: Asia/Shanghai

   nginx:

        image: nginx

        container_name: nginx

        restart: always

        ports:

            - 80:80

            - 443:443

        volumes:

            - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

            - /home/sslcrt:/etc/nginx/cert

            - /home/log/nginx:/var/log/nginx

            - /home/app:/usr/share/nginx/html

my.cnf 配置

[client]

#socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock

default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]

#pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

#datadir = /var/lib/mysql

#socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock

#pid-file = /usr/mysql/mysqld.pid

datadir = /home/data/mysql

character_set_server = utf8mb4

collation_server = utf8mb4_bin

default-time_zone = '+8:00'

secure-file-priv= NULL

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

nginx.conf 配置

# For more information on configuration, see:

#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/

#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;

worker_processes auto;

error_log error.log;

pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.

include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {

    worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;

    tcp_nopush          on;

    tcp_nodelay         on;

    keepalive_timeout   65;

    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;

    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.

    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include

    # for more information.

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {

        listen 80;

        server_name xx.com www.xx.com;

       location / {

        root /usr/share/nginx/html;

        index index.html;

        proxy_pass http://web;

        proxy_set_header Host $host;

        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;

        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;

        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $http_origin;

        }

        }

    server {

        listen 443 ssl;

        server_name  xx.com www.xx.com;

        ssl_certificate "cert/1_bundle.crt";

        ssl_certificate_key "cert/2_.key";

        ssl_session_timeout 5m;

        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;

        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

       # Load configuration files for the default server block.

        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {

        root /usr/share/nginx/html;

        index index.html;

        proxy_pass http://web;

        proxy_set_header Host $host;

        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;

        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;

        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $http_origin;

        }

    }

}

Dockerfile 配置

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 AS base

WORKDIR /app

EXPOSE 80

EXPOSE 443

FROM base AS final

WORKDIR /app

# 将本地应用拷贝到 容器/app 目录下

COPY ./ ./

ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "NETCoreZeng.dll"]

1.创建工程目录

mkdir /home/docker_compose
cd /home/docker_compose

2.创建 Dockerfile 模板文件

注意：一定要是UNIX格式,不能是windows格式

/home/app/Dockerfile

3.配置服务文件 docker-compose.yml

注意：不可以有制表符

语法错误： found character that cannot start any token （不可以有制表符）
did not find expected key

使用 YAML 时需要注意下面事项：
●不支持制表符 tab 键缩进，需要使用空格缩进
●通常开头缩进2个空格
●字符后缩进1个空格，如冒号 : 、逗号 , 、横杠 -
●用 # 号注释
●如果包含特殊字符用单引号 ‘’ 引起来
●布尔值必须用引号 “” 括起来

4.运行 Compose

错误提示：can't find a suitable configuration file in this directory or any parent: not found

切换到工程目录下
cd /home/docker_compose

再运行
docker compose up -d

错误提示：yaml: line 33: did not find expected key（格式要规范不能多空格如 web db redis 前面的空格）
错误提示：cannot load certificate No such file or directory（证书默认目录 /etc/nginx ）

docker compose version #查看版本

docker compose info

docker compose up #创建并启动所有服务

docker compose up -d #在后台所有启动服务

docker compose images #所有镜像

docker compose ps #查看当前正在运行的容器

docker compose ps -a #查看所有容器，包括未运行中的

docker compose stop #停止所有容器

docker compose stop web #停止某个服务

docker compose rm -f web #移除已经停止的服务容器

docker compose restart #重启

docker compose logs -t --tail="10" #查看nginx最新10条日志

sudo rm /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose #卸载 Docker Compose

容器时间与宿主机不一致

docker-compose.yml 里面添加
environment:
TZ: Asia/Shanghai

容器之间连接

SERVICE 服务分别是：db redis web nginx

nginx.conf

proxy_pass http://web;

appsettings.json

 "ConnectionStrings": {

    "MySqlConnection": "server=db;xxxxxxxx;"

  },

最后

看起来很多东西配置其实配置好 docker_compose 里面几个服务的配置灵魂的东西都在里面了