在上一篇blog：python开发_tkinter_窗口控件_自己制作的Python IDEL_博主推荐
中介绍了python中的tkinter的一些东西，你可能对tkinter有一定的了解了。这篇blog主要是介绍tkinter的对话框（Pop-up Dialog）
查看tkinter的API的时候，接口资源：
Tkinter 8.5 reference: a GUI for Python
先来看看运行的效果：
这里主要对 python开发_tkinter_窗口控件_自己制作的Python IDEL_博主推荐 进行增加了一个菜单选项：'Test'
def help_test1():
ask = askokcancel('askokcancel messagebox','你确定要这样做吗？')
if ask:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：确定')
else:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：取消')
运行效果：
def help_test2():
ask = askquestion('askquestion messagebox', '你很喜欢那个女孩吗?')
if 'yes' == ask:
#to do something
print('是的，我很喜欢')
elif 'no' == ask:
#to do something
print('不是这样的，我不喜欢她')
运行效果：
接下来的功能差不多...
def help_test8():
'''打开文件'''
#('All files', '*')
openfilename = askopenfilename(filetypes=[('xml', '*.xml')])
try:
with open(openfilename, 'r') as fp:
for line in fp:
print(line)
fp.close()
except:
print('Could not open File:%s'%openfilename)
运行效果：
def help_test10():
'''颜色面板选择器'''
color = askcolor(title='颜色面板')
print(color)
运行效果：
=================================================================
代码部分：
=================================================================
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#python tkinter menu
#python version 3.3.2
#EN = Window 7 from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter.colorchooser import *
'''
在python 3.3.2中，tkinter模块可以创建一个窗口控件，如Java中的Swing
功能描述：
根据Python 3.3.2 IDEL的菜单，创建出一个tkinter窗口
File-Exit : 退出功能完成
Help-About IDEL ： 打印相应信息
其他的菜单项，当点击时，会打印出相应菜单项的名称
''' __author__ = 'Hongten'
MENU_ITEMS = ['File', 'Edit', 'Format', 'Run', 'Options', 'Windows', 'Help', 'Test']
#菜单File中的选项
MENU_FILE_ITEMS = ['New Window Ctrl+N ',
'Open... Ctrl+O ',
'Recent Files ',
'Open Module... Alt+M ',
'Class Browser Alt+C ',
'Path Browser ',
'Save Ctrl+S ',
'Save As... Ctrl+Shift+S',
'Save Copy As... Ctrl+Alt+S ',
'Print Window Ctrl+P ',
'Close Alt+F4 ',
'Exit Ctrl+Q ']
#菜单Edit中的选项
MENU_EDIT_ITEMS = ['Undo Ctrl+Z ',
'Redo Ctrl+Shift+Z ',
'Cut Ctrl+X ',
'Copy Ctrl+C ',
'Paste Ctrl+V ',
'Select All Ctrl+A ',
'Find... Ctrl+F ',
'Find Again Ctrl+G ',
'Find Selections Ctrl+F3 ',
'Find in Files Alt+F3 ',
'Replace... Ctrl+H ',
'Go to Line Alt+G ',
'Expend Word Alt+/ ',
'Show call tip Ctrl+backslash',
'Show surerounding parens Ctrl+0 ',
'Show Completions Ctrl+space ']
#菜单Format中的选项
MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS = ['Check Module Alt+X ',
'Ident Region Ctrl+] ',
'Dedent Region Ctrl+[ ',
'Commemt Out Region Alt+3 ',
'Uncomment Region Alt+4 ',
'Tabify Region Alt+5 ',
'Untabify Region Alt+6 ',
'Toggle Tabs Alt+T ',
'New Ident Width Alt+U ',
'Format Paragraph Alt+Q ',
'Strip trailing whitespace ']
#菜单Run中的选项
MENU_RUN_ITEMS = [ 'Python Shell ',
'Check Module Alt+X ',
'Run Module F5 ']
#菜单Options中的选项
MENU_OPTIONS_ITEMS = ['Config IDEL... ',
'Code Context ']
#菜单Windows中的选项
MENU_WINDOWS_ITEMS = ['Zoom Height Alt+2 ']
#菜单Help中的选项
MENU_HELP_ITEMS = ['About IDEL ',
'IDEL Help ',
'Python Docs F1 ']
#菜单Test中的选项
MENU_TEST_ITEMS = ['about ',
'askokcancel messagebox ',
'askquestion messagebox ',
'askretrycancel messagebox ',
'askyesno messagebox ',
'showerror messagebox ',
'showinfo messagebox ',
'showwarning messagebox ',
'open file ',
'save as file ',
'colorchooser '] #help-About IDEL
ABOUT_MESSAGE = '''
Author : Hongten
Author_email : hongtenzone@foxmail.com
Blog : http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten
QQ : 648719819
Created : 2013-09-05
Version : 1.0
'''
def get_tk():
'''获取一个Tk对象'''
return Tk() def set_tk_title(tk, title):
'''给窗口定义title'''
if title is not None and title != '':
tk.title(title)
else:
tk.title('Hongten v1.0') def set_tk_geometry(tk, size):
'''设置窗口大小，size的格式为：widthxheight,如：size = '200x100'.'''
if size is not None and size != '':
tk.geometry(size)
else:
tk.geometry('670x600') def get_menu(tk):
'''获取一个菜单条'''
return Menu(tk) def menu_file(menubar):
'''定义菜单File'''
filemenu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[0]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[1], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[1]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[2], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[2])) filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[3], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[3]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[4], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[4]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[5], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[5]))
filemenu.add_separator()
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[6], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[6]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[7], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[7]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[8], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[8]))
filemenu.add_separator()
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[9], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[9]))
filemenu.add_separator()
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[10], command=lambda:print(MENU_FILE_ITEMS[10]))
filemenu.add_command(label=MENU_FILE_ITEMS[11], command=root.destroy)
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[0], menu=filemenu) def menu_edit(menubar):
'''定义菜单Edit'''
edit_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[0]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[1], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[1]))
edit_menu.add_separator()
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[2], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[2]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[3], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[3]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[4], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[4]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[5], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[5]))
edit_menu.add_separator()
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[6], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[6]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[7], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[7]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[8], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[8]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[9], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[9]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[10], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[10]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[11], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[11]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[12], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[12]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[13], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[13]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[14], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[14]))
edit_menu.add_command(label=MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[15], command=lambda:print(MENU_EDIT_ITEMS[15]))
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[1], menu=edit_menu) def menu_format(menubar):
'''定义菜单Format'''
format_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[0]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[1], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[1]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[2], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[2]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[3], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[3]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[4], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[4]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[5], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[5]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[6], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[6]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[7], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[7]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[8], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[8]))
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[9], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[9]))
format_menu.add_separator()
format_menu.add_command(label=MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[10], command=lambda:print(MENU_FORMAT_ITEMS[10]))
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[2], menu=format_menu) def menu_run(menubar):
'''定义菜单Run'''
run_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
run_menu.add_command(label=MENU_RUN_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_RUN_ITEMS[0]))
run_menu.add_separator()
run_menu.add_command(label=MENU_RUN_ITEMS[1], command=lambda:print(MENU_RUN_ITEMS[1]))
run_menu.add_command(label=MENU_RUN_ITEMS[2], command=lambda:print(MENU_RUN_ITEMS[2]))
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[3], menu=run_menu) def meun_options(menubar):
'''定义菜单Options'''
options_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
options_menu.add_command(label=MENU_OPTIONS_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_OPTIONS_ITEMS[0]))
options_menu.add_separator()
options_menu.add_command(label=MENU_OPTIONS_ITEMS[1], command=lambda:print(MENU_OPTIONS_ITEMS[1]))
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[4], menu=options_menu) def menu_windows(menubar):
'''定义菜单Windows'''
windows_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
windows_menu.add_command(label=MENU_WINDOWS_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_WINDOWS_ITEMS[0]))
windows_menu.add_separator()
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[5], menu=windows_menu) def meun_help(menubar):
'''定义菜单Help'''
help_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
help_menu.add_command(label=MENU_HELP_ITEMS[0], command=lambda:print(MENU_HELP_ITEMS[0]))
help_menu.add_separator()
help_menu.add_command(label=MENU_HELP_ITEMS[1], command=lambda:print(MENU_HELP_ITEMS[1]))
help_menu.add_command(label=MENU_HELP_ITEMS[2], command=lambda:print(MENU_HELP_ITEMS[2]))
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[6], menu=help_menu) def meun_test(menubar):
'''定义菜单Help'''
test_menu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=1)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[0], command=about)
test_menu.add_separator()
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[1], command=help_test1)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[2], command=help_test2)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[3], command=help_test3)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[4], command=help_test4)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[5], command=help_test5)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[6], command=help_test6)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[7], command=help_test7)
test_menu.add_separator()
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[8], command=help_test8)
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[9], command=help_test9)
test_menu.add_separator()
test_menu.add_command(label=MENU_TEST_ITEMS[10], command=help_test10)
menubar.add_cascade(label=MENU_ITEMS[7], menu=test_menu) ############################################################
# Test Menu Items Functions
def about():
'''Help-About IDEL function'''
label = Label(root, text=ABOUT_MESSAGE, fg='red')
label.pack(side='top') def help_test1():
ask = askokcancel('askokcancel messagebox','你确定要这样做吗？')
if ask:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：确定')
else:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：取消') def help_test2():
ask = askquestion('askquestion messagebox', '你很喜欢那个女孩吗?')
if 'yes' == ask:
#to do something
print('是的，我很喜欢')
elif 'no' == ask:
#to do something
print('不是这样的，我不喜欢她') def help_test3():
ask = askretrycancel('askretrycancel messagebox', '该程序被其他程序占用,请重试..')
if ask:
#to do something
print('重试')
else:
#to do something
print('取消重试') def help_test4():
ask = askyesno('askyesno messagebox', 'Can you cut down a tree with a herrign?')
print(ask)
if 'yes' == ask:
#to do something
print('yes')
elif 'no' == ask:
#to do something
print('no') def help_test5():
error = showerror('showerror messagebox', 'ClassNotFoundException...')
if 'ok' == error:
#to do something
print('你选择的是确定...') def help_test6():
info = showinfo('showinfo messagebox', 'This is an ex-parrot')
if 'ok' == info:
#to do something
print('ok') def help_test7():
warn = showwarning('showwarning messagebox', '内存溢出...')
if 'ok' == warn:
#to do something
print('确认内存溢出...') def help_test8():
'''打开文件'''
#('All files', '*')
openfilename = askopenfilename(filetypes=[('xml', '*.xml')])
try:
with open(openfilename, 'r') as fp:
for line in fp:
print(line)
fp.close()
except:
print('Could not open File:%s'%openfilename) def help_test9():
'''打开文件'''
saveasfilename = asksaveasfilename()
print('saves', saveasfilename.encode('utf-8')) def help_test10():
'''颜色面板选择器'''
color = askcolor(title='颜色面板')
print(color) ############################################################
#init menu bar
def init_menu_bar(menubar):
'''初始化菜单条'''
menu_file(menubar) #file
menu_edit(menubar) #edit
menu_format(menubar) #format
menu_run(menubar) #run
meun_options(menubar) #options
menu_windows(menubar) #windows
meun_help(menubar) #help
meun_test(menubar) #test #获得窗口对象
root = get_tk()
#设置窗口大小
set_tk_geometry(root, '')
#设置窗口title
set_tk_title(root, 'Python 3.3.2 Shell')
#获取菜单对象
menubar = get_menu(root)
#初始化菜单
init_menu_bar(menubar)
#加载菜单配置
root.config(menu=menubar) mainloop()