日期时间类型自动转型
-- now()、字符串、数字转datetime类型
create table t(dt datetime);
insert into t values(now());
insert into t values('2007-9-3 12:10:10');
insert into t values('2007/9/3 12+10+10');
insert into t values('2007#9#3 12+10+10');
insert into t values('2007+9+3 12+10+10');
insert into t values('20070903121010');
insert into t values(20080903121010);
-- now()、字符串、数字转date类型
create table test(dt date);
insert into test values(now());
insert into test values('2007-9-3 12:10:10');
insert into test values('2007/9/3 12+10+10');
insert into test values('2007#9#3 12+10+10');
insert into test values('2007+9+3 12+10+10');
insert into test values('20070903121010');
insert into test values(20080903121010);
-- now()、字符串、数字转time类型
create table t3(dt time);
insert into t3 values(now());
insert into t3 values('2007-9-3 12:10:10');
insert into t3 values('2007/9/3 12+10+10');
insert into t3 values('2007#9#3 12+10+10');
insert into t3 values('2007+9+3 12+10+10');
insert into t3 values('20070903121010');
insert into t3 values(20080903121010);
-- now()、字符串、数字转timestamp类型
create table t4(dt timestamp);
insert into t4 values(now());
insert into t4 values('2007-9-3 12:10:10');
insert into t4 values('2007/9/3 12+10+10');
insert into t4 values('2007#9#3 12+10+10');
insert into t4 values('2007+9+3 12+10+10');
insert into t4 values('20070903121010');
insert into t4 values(20080903121010);
-- 在任何时间,now()、任意分隔符的年月日时分秒字符串、年月日时分秒数字串都可以拿来当日期类型、时间戳使用。但月日时分秒要保持2位数。
-- 日期类型可以转时间戳,时间戳不能转时期类型
drop table test;
create table test(dt date);
insert into test values(unix_timestamp()); -- 报错
drop table test;
create table test(dt timestamp);
insert into test values(curdate());
-- 加减运算
-- now(),sysdate(),current_timestamp(),curdate(),curtime() 函数和日期时间类字段都可以加特定格式的数字
select now(),now()+1,now()-1,now()+101,now()+050000;
-- 加1秒,减1秒,加1分1秒,加5小时,不会报错,但最后一个结果有问题:20180714265220,26点是错的
-- 2018-07-14 21:52:20, 20180714215221, 20180714215219, 20180714215321, 20180714265220
select sysdate()+1, current_timestamp()+1, curtime()+1, curdate()+1; -- 最后这个是加一天
-- 20180714215353, 20180714215353, 215353, 20180715
drop table test;
create table test(id datetime);
insert into test values(now()+010000);
insert into test values(now()+050000); -- 报错,因为现在是21:48,加上5小时就成26点了就不对了,他只会自顾自地往上加
drop table test;
create table test(id timestamp);
insert into test values(now());
select id, id+1, id+101, id+010000 from test;
drop table test;
create table test(id date);
insert into test values(now());
select id, id+1, id+101, id+010000 from test;
-- 比较运算
-- 日期类型
-- datetime类型
drop table test;
create table test(id datetime);
insert into test values(now());
select * from test where id > '1999-1-1'; //结果:2018-07-13 03:38:35
select * from test where id > '1999=1=1'; //结果:2018-07-13 03:38:35
select * from test where id > '1999'; //结果:2018-07-13 03:38:35
select * from test where id > 1999; //结果:2018-07-13 03:38:35
select * from test where id < now(); //结果:2018-07-13 03:38:35
-- year 类型
drop table test;
create table test(id year);
insert into test values(now());
select * from test where id > '1999-1-1'; //结果:2018
select * from test where id > '1999=1=1'; //结果:2018
select * from test where id > '1999'; //结果:2018
select * from test where id > 1999; //结果:2018
select * from test where id > '1999=1=1'; //结果:2018
select * from test where id < now();
-- timestamp 类型
drop table test;
create table test(id timestamp);
insert into test values(now());
select * from test where id > '1999-1-1'; //结果:2018-07-13 03:44:44
select * from test where id < now(); //结果:2018-07-13 03:44:44