网络通信 二、基于TCP协议的C/S模型

用到的函数:其他函数在我的这篇博客中https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45393375/article/details/100806552

#include <sys/types.h>        

#include <sys/socket.h>

int   listen(int sockfd, int  backlog);

功能:设置等待连接的最大数量

sockfd:被监听的socket描述符

backlog:等待连接的最大数量(排队的数量)

 

int  accept(int  sockfd, struct sockaddr  *addr, socklen_t  *addrlen);

功能:等待sockfd连接

addr:获取连接的地址

addrlen:设置连接地址的长度

返回值:专门用于通信的描述符

 

编程模型

Server                                        

                Client

创建socket套接字                                

        创建socket套接字

准备地址(sockadd_in,本机地址)

        准备地址(服务器地址)

绑定(bind)                                

                 ...

监听(listen)                                

                 …

等待连接(accept、fork)                

        连接(connect)

接收请求(read/recv)                        

        发送请求(write/send)

响应请求(write/send)                

        接收响应(read/recv)

关闭(close)                                

        关闭(close)

服务端实现多进程接收信号:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

int main()
{
	//1.创建套接字
	int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(0 > sockfd)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	
	//2. 准备地址
	struct sockaddr_in addr = {};
	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.210");
	socklen_t len = sizeof(addr);
	//3.绑定
	if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&addr,len))
	{
		perror("bind");
		return -1;
	}

	//4.监听
	if(listen(sockfd,30))
	{
		perror("listen");
		return -1;
	}
	
	while(1)
	{
		//5.等待连接
		struct sockaddr_in addrcli = {};
		int clifd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&addrcli,&len);
		if(0 > clifd)
		{
			perror("accept");
			return  -1;
		}
		//6.读取消息
		else if(0 == fork())//子进程接收客户端消息
		{
			printf("%u连接成功\n",getpid());
			while(1)
			{
				char buf[1024] = {};
				recv(clifd,buf,sizeof(buf),0);
				printf("read:%s\n",buf);
				if(0 == strcmp(buf,"quit"))
				{
					printf("%u通信结束\n",getpid());
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		else //父进程回收资源
		{
			waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG);	
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}

客户端实现发消息:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

int main()
{
	//1.创建套接字
	int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(0 > sockfd)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	//2.创建地址
	struct sockaddr_in addr = {};
	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.210");
	socklen_t len = sizeof(addr);

	//3.连接
	if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&addr,len))
	{
		perror("connect");
		return -1;
	}

	//4.发送消息
	while(1)
	{
		printf(">");
		char buf[1024] = {};
		gets(buf);
		send(sockfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0);
		if(0 == strcmp(buf,"quit"))
		{
			printf("通信结束\n");
			break;
		}
	}

	//5.关闭套接字
	close(sockfd);
	return 0;	
}

 

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