微信开发获取地理位置实例（java，非常详细，附工程源码）
在本篇博客之前，博主已经写了4篇关于微信相关文章，其中三篇是本文基础：
1、微信开发之入门教程，该文章详细讲解了企业号体验号免费申请与一些必要的配置，以及如何调用微信接口。
2、微信开发之通过代理调试本地项目，该文章详细讲解了如何调试本地项目，使用工具的详细安装与配置。
3、微信开发之使用java获取签名signature（贴源码，附工程），该文详细讲些了如何获取签名，代码十分详细。
对于初学者，可能还不知道订阅号、服务号、和企业号的区别，博主之前也是一直没有弄清楚，因此查阅资料整理了一篇博客供大家阅读：微信服务号、订阅号和企业号的区别（运营和开发两个角度）。建议有时间得猿友还是阅读一下为好。
上面的文章内容虽然有点多而且繁琐，看完之后不敢说已经入门，但是初步了解，自己写实例是没有问题的。不积跬步无以至千里，希望猿友们耐心继续下去！！！！！！
上面的文章内容虽然有点多而且繁琐，看完之后不敢说已经入门，但是初步了解，自己写实例是没有问题的。不积跬步无以至千里，希望猿友们耐心继续下去！！！！！！
上面的文章内容虽然有点多而且繁琐，看完之后不敢说已经入门，但是初步了解，自己写实例是没有问题的。不积跬步无以至千里，希望猿友们耐心继续下去！！！！！！
期间可能会遇到一些坑，欢迎与博主评论交流
有了上面的基础，接下来博主将分享一个具体的微信开发实例，获取用户当前的地理位置。
一、结果演示
二、代码及代码讲解
本工程使用的环境是Eclipse + maven + springmvc，下面附上关键代码，springmvc和web.xml相关配置和maven相关依赖就不一一列举，最后会附上工程供大家下载。
2.1、获取签名工具类（httpclient和sha1加密）
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package com.luo.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpXmlClient {
public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String body = null;
HttpPost post = postForm(url, params);
body = invoke(httpclient, post);
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
return body;
}
public static String get(String url) {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String body = null;
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
body = invoke(httpclient, get);
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
return body;
}
private static String invoke(DefaultHttpClient httpclient,
HttpUriRequest httpost) {
HttpResponse response = sendRequest(httpclient, httpost);
String body = paseResponse(response);
return body;
}
private static String paseResponse(HttpResponse response) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String charset = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(entity);
String body = null;
try {
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return body;
}
private static HttpResponse sendRequest(DefaultHttpClient httpclient,
HttpUriRequest httpost) {
HttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httpost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
private static HttpPost postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
try {
httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return httpost;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//获取access_token
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("corpid","wx5f24fa0db1819ea2");
params.put("corpsecret","uQtWzF0bQtl2KRHX0amekjpq8L0aO96LSpSNfctOBLRbuYPO4DUBhMn0_v2jHS-9");
String xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken",params);
JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String access_token = map.get("access_token");
System.out.println("access_token=" + access_token);
//获取ticket
params.put("access_token",access_token);
xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket",params);
jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
map = new HashMap<String, String>();
it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String jsapi_ticket = map.get("ticket");
System.out.println("jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket);
//获取签名signature
String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
String url="http://mp.weixin.qq.com";
String str = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket +
"&noncestr=" + noncestr +
"×tamp=" + timestamp +
"&url=" + url;
//sha1加密
String signature = SHA1(str);
System.out.println("noncestr=" + noncestr);
System.out.println("timestamp=" + timestamp);
System.out.println("signature=" + signature);
//最终获得调用微信js接口验证需要的三个参数noncestr、timestamp、signature
}
/**
* @author：罗国辉
* @date： 2015年12月17日 上午9:24:43
* @description： SHA、SHA1加密
* @parameter： str：待加密字符串
* @return： 加密串
**/
public static String SHA1(String str) {
try {
MessageDigest digest = java.security.MessageDigest
.getInstance("SHA-1"); //如果是SHA加密只需要将"SHA-1"改成"SHA"即可
digest.update(str.getBytes());
byte messageDigest[] = digest.digest();
// Create Hex String
StringBuffer hexStr = new StringBuffer();
// 字节数组转换为 十六进制 数
for (int i = 0; i < messageDigest.length; i++) {
String shaHex = Integer.toHexString(messageDigest[i] & 0xFF);
if (shaHex.length() < 2) {
hexStr.append(0);
}
hexStr.append(shaHex);
}
return hexStr.toString();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
} |
2.2、controller代码（尽可能仔细阅读下面的每一行代码，特别是url部分）
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package com.luo.controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.luo.util.HttpXmlClient;
@Controller public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public ModelAndView getIndex(HttpServletRequest request){
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
//获取access_token
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("corpid","wx7099477f2de8aded");
params.put("corpsecret","4clWzENvHVmpcyuA4toys0URkfYanIqWtxZ5plbisn6Cd5AVTF0thpaK6UAhjIvN");
String xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken",params);
JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String access_token = map.get("access_token");
//获取ticket
params.put("access_token",access_token);
xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket",params);
jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
map = new HashMap<String, String>();
it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String jsapi_ticket = map.get("ticket");
//获取签名signature
String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
//获取请求url
String path = request.getContextPath();
//以为我配置的菜单是http://yo.bbdfun.com/first_maven_project/，最后是有"/"的，所以url也加上了"/"
String url = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + path + "/";
String str = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket +
"&noncestr=" + noncestr +
"×tamp=" + timestamp +
"&url=" + url;
//sha1加密
String signature = HttpXmlClient.SHA1(str);
mav.addObject("signature", signature);
mav.addObject("timestamp", timestamp);
mav.addObject("noncestr", noncestr);
mav.addObject("appId", "wx7099477f2de8aded");
System.out.println("jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket);
System.out.println("noncestr=" + noncestr);
System.out.println("timestamp=" + timestamp);
System.out.println("url=" + url);
System.out.println("str=" + str);
System.out.println("signature=" + signature);
return mav;
}
} |
2.3、前端js代码（尽可能仔细阅读下面的每一行代码）
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html><head><script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js"></script>
<script> wx.config({
debug: true, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来，若要查看传入的参数，可以在pc端打开，参数信息会通过log打出，仅在pc端时才会打印。
appId: '${appId}', // 必填，企业号的唯一标识，此处填写企业号corpid
timestamp: parseInt("${timestamp}",10), // 必填，生成签名的时间戳
nonceStr: '${noncestr}', // 必填，生成签名的随机串
signature: '${signature}',// 必填，签名，见附录1
jsApiList: ['getLocation'] // 必填，需要使用的JS接口列表，所有JS接口列表见附录2
});
wx.ready(function(){
});
wx.error(function(res){
});
</script></head><body><button id="getBBS" style="width:1000px;height:600px;font-size:150px;" onclick="submitOrderInfoClick();">获取地理位置</button>
</body><script type="text/javascript">
function submitOrderInfoClick(){ wx.getLocation({
success: function (res) {
alert("小宝鸽获取地理位置成功，经纬度为：（" + res.latitude + "，" + res.longitude + "）" );
},
fail: function(error) {
AlertUtil.error("获取地理位置失败，请确保开启GPS且允许微信获取您的地理位置！");
}
});
}</script></html> |