经过前几篇的摸爬滚打,下面我们就开始我们真正的数据库操作了,本篇重点在于如何在网站端编写数据库操作语句,内容不多,就是我们常见的增删改查。
0、数据库对象创建:
在JAVASE基础知识总结时,就为大家点明了,JAVA是一种面向对象编程语言,所以我们再进行数据库创建之前,要先创建一个对象类。
/*
* 实例化数据库中的对象
*/
public class Student {
private int id;//学生ID
private String name;//学生姓名
private int sex;//学生性别
private int year;//学生年龄
private String from;//学生故乡
private String school;//学生所在学校 //为属性添加set()、get()方法
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(int sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public int getYear() {
return year;
}
public void setYear(int year) {
this.year = year;
}
public String getFrom() {
return from;
}
public void setFrom(String from) {
this.from = from;
}
public String getSchool() {
return school;
}
public void setSchool(String school) {
this.school = school;
}
}
1、接口创建:
这里采用了面向接口编程,方便我们管理我们的数据库操作方法。
/*
* 数据库操作方法接口
*/
public interface StudentMa { public boolean add(Student student);//添加
public boolean del(int id);//删除
public boolean update(Student student);//修改
public Student getById(int id);//精确查询
public List<Student> getByName(String name);//模糊查询
public List<Student> getAll();//遍历 }
2、增加操作:
如何通过JAVA语句为数据库添加数据呢?下面就是具体的方法实现。
public boolean add(Student student) {
boolean flag = false;
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
conn = DBO.getConnection();
String sql = "insert into students (name,sex,year,from,school) values (?,?,?,?,?)";//'?'表示占位符
try {
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, student.getName());
pst.setInt(2, student.getSex());
pst.setInt(3, student.getYear());
pst.setString(4, student.getFrom());
pst.setString(5, student.getSchool());
int n = pst.executeUpdate();
if(n>0){
flag = true;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return flag;
}
3、删除操作:
如何通过JAVA语句删除数据库中的数据呢?下面就是具体的方法实现。
public boolean del(int id) {
boolean flag = false;
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
conn = DBO.getConnection();
String sql = "delete from students where id="+id;
try {
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
int n = pst.executeUpdate();
if(n>0){
flag = true;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return flag;
}
4、修改操作:
如何通过JAVA语句修改数据库中的数据呢?下面就是具体的方法实现。
public boolean update(Student student) {
boolean flag = false;
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
conn = DBO.getConnection();
String sql = "update students set name=?,sex=?,year=?,from=?,school=? where id=?";//'?'表示占位符
try {
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, student.getName());
pst.setInt(2, student.getSex());
pst.setInt(3, student.getYear());
pst.setString(4, student.getFrom());
pst.setString(5, student.getSchool());
pst.setInt(6, student.getId());
int n = pst.executeUpdate();
if(n>0){
flag = true;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return flag;
}
5、查询操作:
a、精确查询:
如何通过JAVA语句精确查找数据库中的数据呢?下面就是具体的方法实现。
public Student getById(int id) {
Student student = new Student();
Connection conn = null;
Statement st = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
conn = DBO.getConnection();
String sql = "select * from students where id="+id;
try {
st = conn.createStatement();
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
student.setId(id);
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
student.setYear(rs.getInt("year"));
student.setFrom(rs.getString("from"));
student.setSchool(rs.getString("school"));
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return student;
}
b、模糊查询:
如何通过JAVA语句模糊查找数据库中的数据呢?下面就是具体的方法实现。
public List<Student> getByName(String name) {
List<Student> list = null;
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
conn = DBO.getConnection();
String sql = "select * from students where name like ?"; try {
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, "%"+name+"%");
rs = pst.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()){
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
student.setYear(rs.getInt("year"));
student.setFrom(rs.getString("from"));
student.setSchool(rs.getString("school"));
list.add(student);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
6、遍历操作:
如何通过JAVA语句遍历数据库中的数据呢?下面就是具体的方法实现。
public List<Student> getAll() {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
Connection conn = null;
Statement st = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
conn = DBO.getConnection();
String sql = "select * from students"; try {
st = conn.createStatement();
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
student.setYear(rs.getInt("year"));
student.setFrom(rs.getString("from"));
student.setSchool(rs.getString("school"));
list.add(student);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
好了到这里,关于数据库的增删改查操作的JAVA实现已经为大家总结完毕。下一篇select实现jsp页面与数据库交互。