一、背景
从系统架构上来说，Android是基于Linux系统基础上，做了进一步的定制与修改，并融入了自身的特有功能，且向应用层提供应用程序接口，供开发者使用。系统内核层面，主体依然是Linux内核。因此，以往的Linux系统上的开发、使用和经验，在Android系统上很大程度上还是适用的。
Android应用程序的开发与运行通常处于不同的设备环境，开发端在开发应用程序的过程中，往往涉及到对应用程序运行时的调试。同时，Android设备在运行过程中，需要有类似于Linux系统本身的一套机制，通过直接从另外一端连接后，就能直接在对应的权限范围内，进行系统监测与管理。也就是说，无论是Android应用程序本身的开发调试过程，还是对Android系统的管理，都需要一套机制，以方面外界可以直接触达到Android系统运行时本身。
二、adb
adb，全称Android Debug Bridge，看名字就知道，这是一个用来进行Android开发调试的桥接工具。Android一般在PC端进行开发，最终在手机等设备上运行。自然的，此处桥接的两端一端是开发端（或调试端，如PC端），另一端是运行端（如手机端）。两端桥接后，我们可以从开发端直接通过adb命令的方式，将指令传递到运行端，并得以执行。
实际使用过程中，adb的命令发出，往往通过开发端的命令行工具，如iTerm2等。adb命令都是adb ...形式，系统会自动搜索环境变量下的adb命令实体。一般情况下，开发过程中我们都已经将其路径配置到了环境变量中。
另一种常见adb启动的方式是，当我们打开Android Studio，AS进程会自动拉起adb进程（如果此时adb进程未被启动），而不需要人为的去执行如adb start-server命令。AS进程会定时去检测adb进程是否被拉起，如果发现adb进程被kill，一定时间后会再次拉起adb进程。也就也是我们在进行Android开发时，往往都不需要手动去启动adb的原因。
执行adb命令，搜索adb实体位置：
~ where adb
复制代码输出结果：
/Users/corn/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb
复制代码显然，adb是在Android sdk中的platform-tools目录下。
此时，我们先搜索下本机adb进程。
~ ps -l|head -1;ps -A -l | grep "adb"
UID PID PPID F CPU PRI NI SZ RSS WCHAN S ADDR TTY TIME CMD
501 61501 1 4044 0 31 0 4301988 2944 - Ss 0 ?? 0:00.72 adb -L tcp:5037 fork-server server --reply-fd 6
复制代码此进程对应的即为adb server进程，并且，默认情况下监听的是5037端口。 我们可以进一步验证下：
~ lsof -i | grep adb
复制代码输出结果：
adb 63248 corn 6u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de677a91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037->localhost:56924 (ESTABLISHED)
adb 63248 corn 10u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de55ba91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037 (LISTEN)
复制代码查找端口56924对应的进程信息：
~ lsof -i :56924
复制代码输出：
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
adb 63248 corn 6u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de677a91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037->localhost:56924 (ESTABLISHED)
studio 64007 corn 559u IPv4 0xf7434ef5b85f2d51 0t0 TCP localhost:56924->localhost:5037 (ESTABLISHED)
复制代码可以看出，adb server与studio通过 TCP的方式建立了连接，当然了，此连接是双向的。
接下来我们确认下当前正在监听5037端口的进程：
~ lsof -i :5037
复制代码输出：
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
adb 63248 corn 6u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de677a91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037->localhost:56924 (ESTABLISHED)
adb 63248 corn 10u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de55ba91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037 (LISTEN)
studio 64007 corn 559u IPv4 0xf7434ef5b85f2d51 0t0 TCP localhost:56924->localhost:5037 (ESTABLISHED)
复制代码再一次确认了5037端口已经成功被PID为63248的adb server进程监听。
接下来打开iTerm2，输入命令：
~ adb shell
复制代码此时，再次搜索adb进程：
ps -l|head -1;ps -A -l | grep "adb"
复制代码输出：
UID PID PPID F CPU PRI NI SZ RSS WCHAN S ADDR TTY TIME CMD
501 63248 1 4044 0 46 0 4304064 3780 - Ss 0 ?? 0:03.24 adb -L tcp:5037 fork-server server --reply-fd 6
501 67543 66192 4006 0 31 0 4293948 1988 - S+ 0 ttys000 0:00.01 adb shell
复制代码显然，我们发现，此时多了一个adb shell的进程，PID为67543。 执行：
~ lsof -i:5037
复制代码输出：
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
adb 63248 corn 6u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de677a91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037->localhost:56924 (ESTABLISHED)
adb 63248 corn 10u IPv4 0xf7434ef5de55ba91 0t0 TCP localhost:5037 (LISTEN)
adb 63248 corn 11u IPv4 0xf7434ef5c026e3f1 0t0 TCP localhost:5037->localhost:57780 (ESTABLISHED)
studio 64007 corn 559u IPv4 0xf7434ef5b85f2d51 0t0 TCP localhost:56924->localhost:5037 (ESTABLISHED)
adb 67543 corn 5u IPv4 0xf7434ef5b3a0ea91 0t0 TCP localhost:57780->localhost:5037 (ESTABLISHED)
复制代码这意味着，针对同一个adb server，我们可以启动对应的多个adb client进程与之对应。adb client与adb server之间，是通过TCP建立的双向连接的。
通过iTerm2等命令行工具，直接执行adb命令，实际上，启动的只是adb client，adb client内部，会自动判断adb server进程是否存在，存在则建立连接，否则需要先拉起adb server进程。
至此，开发端adb client及adb server进程启动完毕。
同样的，在手机等设备上，默认会存在一个demon级别的adb服务进程，我们可以查找下对应名称。
~ adb shell ps -l|head -1;adb shell ps -A -l |grep "adb"
复制代码输出结果：
F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI BIT SZ WCHAN TTY TIME CMD
4 R 2000 2636 1 0 19 0 - 6787 0 ? 00:00:00 adbd
复制代码可以看到，手机上adb server的进程名称为：adbd。
开发端的adb server通过TCP/USB，与手机端的adbd进行连接，并相互通信。
整体上，abd通信流程如下（下图来自网络）：
adb命令为开发端与设备端交互提供了非常方便的操作入口，如最常见的安装apk文件，从手机上获取文件到本机等。更为重要的是，adb为我们提供了直接进入终端shell环境的入口。
三、adb shell
adb为开发端与设备端建立了桥接，那么，通过adb链接到设备端后，我们可以类似于本机用命令行工具执行shell命令一样，去直接执行设备的shell命令。对应的操作命令通常adb shell打头。
当然了，为了使用中方便，我们往往先执行adb shell，直接进入到设备端shell环境，然后操作跟本机一样了。
~ adb shell
OP4A57:/ $
复制代码例如：
1|OP4A57:/ $ ls -al
复制代码直接输出对应的根目录的所有文件列表。
如果需要从设备shell环境中退出，直接执行exit即可。
adb shell一方面可以执行大量的Linux命令，另一方面，基于Android系统，封装了大量实用的Android相关的命令接口。
adb shell命令的实体，存储在/system/bin/目录，我们可以先进去看看。
OP4A57:/ $ cd system/bin
OP4A57:/system/bin $ ls -al
复制代码显示：
ls: ./adbd: Permission denied
ls: ./asserttip: Permission denied
ls: ./atlasservice: Permission denied
ls: ./audioserver: Permission denied
ls: ./autochmod.sh: Permission denied
ls: ./blank_screen: Permission denied
ls: ./blkid: Permission denied
ls: ./bootanimation: Permission denied
ls: ./bootstat: Permission denied
ls: ./bpfloader: Permission denied
ls: ./br_app_data_service: Permission denied
ls: ./bspCriticalLog: Permission denied
ls: ./bspFwUpdate: Permission denied
ls: ./bspatch: Permission denied
ls: ./bt_logger: Permission denied
ls: ./cachebench_eng: Permission denied
ls: ./cameraserver: Permission denied
ls: ./chcon: Permission denied
ls: ./clatd: Permission denied
ls: ./common_dcs: Permission denied
ls: ./cpustress_eng: Permission denied
ls: ./criticallog: Permission denied
ls: ./datafree: Permission denied
ls: ./dexoptanalyzer: Permission denied
ls: ./dnsmasq: Permission denied
ls: ./dpmd: Permission denied
ls: ./drmserver: Permission denied
ls: ./dumpstate: Permission denied
ls: ./dun-server: Permission denied
ls: ./e2fsck: Permission denied
ls: ./e2fsdroid: Permission denied
ls: ./engineer_system_shell.sh: Permission denied
ls: ./fsck.f2fs: Permission denied
ls: ./fsck_msdos: Permission denied
ls: ./gatekeeperd: Permission denied
ls: ./healthd: Permission denied
ls: ./hwservicemanager: Permission denied
ls: ./hypnusd: Permission denied
ls: ./idmap: Permission denied
ls: ./incident_helper: Permission denied
ls: ./incidentd: Permission denied
ls: ./install-recovery.sh: Permission denied
ls: ./installd: Permission denied
ls: ./junklogcollector: Permission denied
ls: ./keystore: Permission denied
ls: ./lmkd: Permission denied
ls: ./logd: Permission denied
ls: ./make_f2fs: Permission denied
ls: ./mdnsd: Permission denied
ls: ./mediadrmserver: Permission denied
ls: ./mediaextractor: Permission denied
ls: ./mediametrics: Permission denied
ls: ./mediaserver: Permission denied
ls: ./memtester_eng: Permission denied
ls: ./mke2fs: Permission denied
ls: ./mmi: Permission denied
ls: ./mmi_diag: Permission denied
ls: ./motorcontrol: Permission denied
ls: ./mtpd: Permission denied
ls: ./neo: Permission denied
ls: ./netd: Permission denied
ls: ./netutils-wrapper-1.0: Permission denied
ls: ./oae_server: Permission denied
ls: ./oiface: Permission denied
ls: ./omedia: Permission denied
ls: ./oppo_kevent: Permission denied
ls: ./perfservice: Permission denied
ls: ./pppd: Permission denied
ls: ./profman: Permission denied
ls: ./quickboot: Permission denied
ls: ./qvrservice: Permission denied
ls: ./racoon: Permission denied
ls: ./resize_ext4: Permission denied
ls: ./rutilsdaemon: Permission denied
ls: ./screenrecord: Permission denied
ls: ./sdcard: Permission denied
ls: ./servicemanager: Permission denied
ls: ./sgdisk: Permission denied
ls: ./sload_f2fs: Permission denied
ls: ./smcinvoked: Permission denied
ls: ./statsd: Permission denied
ls: ./storaged: Permission denied
ls: ./stressapptest_eng: Permission denied
ls: ./surfaceflinger: Permission denied
ls: ./thermalserviced: Permission denied
ls: ./tombstoned: Permission denied
ls: ./traced: Permission denied
ls: ./traced_probes: Permission denied
ls: ./tune2fs: Permission denied
ls: ./uncrypt: Permission denied
ls: ./usbd: Permission denied
ls: ./vdc: Permission denied
ls: ./vold: Permission denied
ls: ./vold_prepare_subdirs: Permission denied
ls: ./wait_for_keymaster: Permission denied
ls: ./wfdservice: Permission denied
ls: ./wificond: Permission denied
ls: ./wififtmtest: Permission denied
ls: ./wifirftest: Permission denied
total 19528
drwxr-xr-x 3 root shell 8192 2019-10-16 00:52 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 2019-10-16 00:52 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 965003 2019-10-16 00:52 QMESA_64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 5646592 2019-10-16 00:52 SecrecyAutoUnlocker
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 acpi -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 207 2019-10-16 00:52 am
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 13 2019-10-16 00:52 app_process -> app_process64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 33148 2019-10-16 00:52 app_process32
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68976 2019-10-16 00:52 app_process64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 136184 2019-10-16 00:52 applypatch
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 33 2019-10-16 00:52 appops
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 232 2019-10-16 00:52 appwidget
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69736 2019-10-16 00:52 atrace
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 203576 2019-10-16 00:52 awk
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 base64 -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 basename -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69672 2019-10-16 00:52 bcc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 blockdev -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 216 2019-10-16 00:52 bmgr
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 173 2019-10-16 00:52 bu
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68352 2019-10-16 00:52 bugreport
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68360 2019-10-16 00:52 bugreportz
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 5 2019-10-16 00:52 bunzip2 -> bzip2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 5 2019-10-16 00:52 bzcat -> bzip2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68808 2019-10-16 00:52 bzip2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cal -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cat -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68360 2019-10-16 00:52 checkfutexwait
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 chgrp -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 chmod -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 chown -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 chroot -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 chrt -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cksum -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 clear -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69224 2019-10-16 00:52 cmd
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cmp -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 comm -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 224 2019-10-16 00:52 content
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cp -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cpio -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 114676 2019-10-16 00:52 crash_dump32
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 136544 2019-10-16 00:52 crash_dump64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 534216 2019-10-16 00:52 curl
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 cut -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 10 2019-10-16 00:52 dalvikvm -> dalvikvm64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 28576 2019-10-16 00:52 dalvikvm32
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68520 2019-10-16 00:52 dalvikvm64
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 date -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 7 2019-10-16 00:52 dd -> toolbox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68520 2019-10-16 00:52 debuggerd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 550676 2019-10-16 00:52 dex2oat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68648 2019-10-16 00:52 dexdiag
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 138384 2019-10-16 00:52 dexdump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68800 2019-10-16 00:52 dexlist
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 df -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 diff -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 dirname -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 dmesg -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 dos2unix -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 173 2019-10-16 00:52 dpm
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 du -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69328 2019-10-16 00:52 dumpsys
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 echo -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 4 2019-10-16 00:52 egrep -> grep
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 env -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 expand -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 expr -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 fallocate -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 false -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 4 2019-10-16 00:52 fgrep -> grep
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 file -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 find -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 flock -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 fmt -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 free -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69000 2019-10-16 00:52 fsck_exfat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 17 2019-10-16 00:52 get-cplc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 getenforce -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 7 2019-10-16 00:52 getevent -> toolbox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 7 2019-10-16 00:52 getprop -> toolbox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 70352 2019-10-16 00:52 grep
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 groups -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 gunzip -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 gzip -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 head -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 213 2019-10-16 00:52 hid
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 1401616 2019-10-16 00:52 host_manager_11ad
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 hostname -> toybox
drwxr-xr-x 2 root shell 4096 2019-10-16 00:52 hw
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 hwclock -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 id -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 ifconfig -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 48 2019-10-16 00:52 ime
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68992 2019-10-16 00:52 incident
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 2511 2019-10-16 00:52 init.oppo.bluetooth.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 2254 2019-10-16 00:52 init.oppo.wifiAutoRecovery.sh
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 inotifyd -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 220 2019-10-16 00:52 input
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 insmod -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68336 2019-10-16 00:52 invoke_test_client
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 ionice -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 iorenice -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69480 2019-10-16 00:52 iotop
-rwxrwxrwx 1 system system 268152 2019-10-16 00:52 iozone
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 399400 2019-10-16 00:52 ip
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 20 2019-10-16 00:52 ip-wrapper-1.0 -> netutils-wrapper-1.0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 501240 2019-10-16 00:52 ip6tables
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 9 2019-10-16 00:52 ip6tables-restore -> ip6tables
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 9 2019-10-16 00:52 ip6tables-save -> ip6tables
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 20 2019-10-16 00:52 ip6tables-wrapper-1.0 -> netutils-wrapper-1.0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 500216 2019-10-16 00:52 iptables
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 8 2019-10-16 00:52 iptables-restore -> iptables
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 8 2019-10-16 00:52 iptables-save -> iptables
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 20 2019-10-16 00:52 iptables-wrapper-1.0 -> netutils-wrapper-1.0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 345400 2019-10-16 00:52 iw
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69280 2019-10-16 00:52 iwlist
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68752 2019-10-16 00:52 iwpriv
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 83088 2019-10-16 00:52 keystore_cli_v2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 kill -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 killall -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 814160 2019-10-16 00:52 ld.mc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 1251892 2019-10-16 00:52 linker
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 1812280 2019-10-16 00:52 linker64
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 linker_asan -> linker
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 8 2019-10-16 00:52 linker_asan64 -> linker64
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 ln -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 load_policy -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 211 2019-10-16 00:52 locksettings
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 log -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68248 2019-10-16 00:52 logcat
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 logname -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68472 2019-10-16 00:52 logwrapper
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 losetup -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 ls -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68280 2019-10-16 00:52 lshal
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 lsmod -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 lsof -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 lspci -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 lsusb -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 md5sum -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 227 2019-10-16 00:52 media
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 microcom -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68408 2019-10-16 00:52 minidumpreader
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mkdir -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 74912 2019-10-16 00:52 mkexfat
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mkfifo -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mkfs.ext2 -> mke2fs
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mkfs.ext3 -> mke2fs
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mkfs.ext4 -> mke2fs
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mknod -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 135352 2019-10-16 00:52 mkntfs
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mkswap -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mktemp -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 modinfo -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 modprobe -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 268 2019-10-16 00:52 monkey
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 more -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mount -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mountpoint -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 439 2019-10-16 00:52 move_time_data.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 506 2019-10-16 00:52 move_widevine_data.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 2548 2019-10-16 00:52 move_wifi_data.sh
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 mv -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68904 2019-10-16 00:52 ndc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 20 2019-10-16 00:52 ndc-wrapper-1.0 -> netutils-wrapper-1.0
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 netstat -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 7 2019-10-16 00:52 newfs_msdos -> toolbox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 nice -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 nl -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 nohup -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 336576 2019-10-16 00:52 ntfs-3g
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 201936 2019-10-16 00:52 ntfsfix
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 269440 2019-10-16 00:52 oatdump
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 od -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68344 2019-10-16 00:52 oppopnscrcmd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68376 2019-10-16 00:52 opposensortest
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 paste -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 patch -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 67036 2019-10-16 00:52 patchoat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 284744 2019-10-16 00:52 perfetto
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 pgrep -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68696 2019-10-16 00:52 phoenix_log_manager
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 15786 2019-10-16 00:52 phoenix_log_native_helper.sh
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 pidof -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69208 2019-10-16 00:52 ping
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 69776 2019-10-16 00:52 ping6
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 pkill -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 34 2019-10-16 00:52 pm
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 pmap -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 printenv -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 printf -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 ps -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 pwd -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 112904 2019-10-16 00:52 qvrservicetest
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 135640 2019-10-16 00:52 qvrservicetest64
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 readlink -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 realpath -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68392 2019-10-16 00:52 reboot
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 renice -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 205 2019-10-16 00:52 requestsync
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68896 2019-10-16 00:52 resize2fs
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 restorecon -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 rm -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 rmdir -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 rmmod -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 33016 2019-10-16 00:52 rtspclient
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 32992 2019-10-16 00:52 rtspserver
-rwxr-x--- 1 root shell 68392 2019-10-16 00:52 run-as
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 runcon -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68336 2019-10-16 00:52 schedtest
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68568 2019-10-16 00:52 screencap
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68768 2019-10-16 00:52 secdiscard
-rwx------ 1 root root 340312 2019-10-16 00:52 secilc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sed -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68752 2019-10-16 00:52 self-init-system
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sendevent -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68408 2019-10-16 00:52 sensorservice
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 seq -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68792 2019-10-16 00:52 service
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 setenforce -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 setprop -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 setsid -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 35 2019-10-16 00:52 settings
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 401184 2019-10-16 00:52 sh
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sha1sum -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sha224sum -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sha256sum -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sha384sum -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sha512sum -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68736 2019-10-16 00:52 shutdown_log_back
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 3591 2019-10-16 00:52 shutdown_log_native_helper.sh
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sleep -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 207 2019-10-16 00:52 sm
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sort -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 split -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 start -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 stat -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 stop -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 strings -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 stty -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 209 2019-10-16 00:52 svc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 swapoff -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 swapon -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sync -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 sysctl -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 tac -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 tail -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 tar -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 taskset -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 136368 2019-10-16 00:52 tc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 20 2019-10-16 00:52 tc-wrapper-1.0 -> netutils-wrapper-1.0
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 tee -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 189 2019-10-16 00:52 telecom
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 time -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 timeout -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68488 2019-10-16 00:52 tinycap
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68656 2019-10-16 00:52 tinymix
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68448 2019-10-16 00:52 tinypcminfo
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68400 2019-10-16 00:52 tinyplay
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68416 2019-10-16 00:52 tinyplay_ftm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 145960 2019-10-16 00:52 toolbox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 top -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 touch -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 473824 2019-10-16 00:52 toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 tr -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 true -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 truncate -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 tty -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 62888 2019-10-16 00:52 tunman
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 68648 2019-10-16 00:52 tzdatacheck
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 4173 2019-10-16 00:52 uiautomator
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 ulimit -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 umount -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 uname -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 uniq -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 unix2dos -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 uptime -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 usleep -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 uudecode -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 uuencode -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 vmstat -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 169 2019-10-16 00:52 vr
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 wc -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 which -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 whoami -> toybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 217 2019-10-16 00:52 wifihwftm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 201320 2019-10-16 00:52 wigig_wiburn
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 33 2019-10-16 00:52 wm
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 xargs -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 xxd -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 yes -> toybox
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 6 2019-10-16 00:52 zcat -> toybox
复制代码我们发现，除了部分命令实体因为权限问题无法显示外，其中有大量的命令实体列出，并且对一般用户是具有r-x权限的。对于具有x权限的命令实体，我们都是可以按照需要去执行的。每个命令实体都具有特定的用途。
接下来将总结下比较常用的一些命令实体。
3.1 dumpsys命令
adb shell中，这个命令应该是所有Android开发用的最多的一个命令了。
其中，最常见的又非下面这条莫属。
1|OP4A57:/ $ dumpsys activity | grep "mResumedActivity"
复制代码这个命令可酷了，一次性将当前手机窗口上的App包名和Activity名称显示出来。
mResumedActivity: ActivityRecord{47b4848 u0 com.sankuai.meituan/com.meituan.android.pt.homepage.activity.MainActivity t277}
复制代码于是，美团的包名为：com.sankuai.meituan
当前页面的Activity为：com.meituan.android.pt.homepage.activity.MainActivity
这个命令经常用在我们开发调试的时候用到，例如找一个bug，需要定位当前Activity等。更进一步，如果直接执行
dumpsys activity
复制代码输出的结果中，会有许多非常有用的信息。例如：
ACTIVITY MANAGER SETTINGS
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER PENDING INTENTS
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER BROADCAST STATE
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER CONTENT PROVIDERS
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER URI PERMISSIONS
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER SERVICES
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER RECENT TASKS
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER LAST ANR
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER STARTER
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER ACTIVITIES
....
ACTIVITY MANAGER RUNNING PROCESSES
....
复制代码可以看到，输出的信息中包括了activity、Service、BroadcastReceiver、ContentProvider等四大基本组件外，还包括了如进程、身份权限、ANR、Intent等各大主体信息，且activity中还包括了各运行的app的TaskRecord及对应的ActivityRecord信息，这在处理带有复杂的启动模式或intent flag下的Activity跳转，需要分析Activity栈时非常有用。
我们发现，命名执行的是dumpsys activity，结果却输出了含有activity之外的许多信息，这已经超出了我们原本对activity的认识。其实，dumpsys activity，此处有点类似ActivityManagerService，AMS也是包含了对其他组件的处理的。
更进一步，这个命令中的参数activity，我们是如何知道的呢，除了activity，还有哪些其他参数呢？
最简单的，就是查看对应命令的帮助说明，执行：
OP4A57:/ $ dumpsys --help
复制代码输出：
usage: dumpsys
To dump all services.
or:
dumpsys [-t TIMEOUT] [--priority LEVEL] [--help | -l | --skip SERVICES | SERVICE [ARGS]]
--help: shows this help
-l: only list services, do not dump them
-t TIMEOUT_SEC: TIMEOUT to use in seconds instead of default 10 seconds
-T TIMEOUT_MS: TIMEOUT to use in milliseconds instead of default 10 seconds
--proto: filter services that support dumping data in proto format. Dumps will be in proto format.
--priority LEVEL: filter services based on specified priority
LEVEL must be one of CRITICAL | HIGH | NORMAL
--skip SERVICES: dumps all services but SERVICES (comma-separated list)
SERVICE [ARGS]: dumps only service SERVICE, optionally passing ARGS to it
复制代码显然，帮助说明中的-l命令，可以列出所有的services名称。并且，dumpsys命令的作用，就是用来输出对应services详细信息的。
运行：
OP4A57:/ $ dumpsys -l
复制代码输出：
Currently running services:
AtlasService
DockObserver
MinkBinderSvc
OPPO
OPPOExService
OppoRoundCornerService
SurfaceFlinger
accessibility
account
activity
alarm
alipay
android.security.keystore
appops
appwidget
athenaservice
audio
backup
battery
batteryproperties
batterystats
binder_calls_stats
bluetooth_manager
carrier_config
clipboard
cneservice
color_screenshot
com.qualcomm.location.izat.IzatService
common_dcs
commontime_management
companiondevice
connectivity
connmetrics
consumer_ir
content
contexthub
country_detector
cpuinfo
critical.log
crossprofileapps
dbinfo
device_identifiers
device_policy
deviceidle
devicestoragemonitor
diskstats
display
dpmservice
dreams
drm.drmManager
dropbox
engineer
ethernet
extphone
face
fingerprint
gfxinfo
gpu
graphicsstats
hardware_properties
hypnus
hypnusd
imms
input
input_method
iphonesubinfo
ipsec
isms
isub
jobscheduler
launcherapps
location
lock_settings
luckymoney
media.audio_flinger
media.audio_policy
media.camera
media.camera.proxy
media.drm
media.extractor
media.metrics
media.player
media.resource_manager
media.sound_trigger_hw
media_projection
media_resource_monitor
media_router
media_session
meminfo
midi
motor
motor.control
mount
multimediaDaemon
neoservice
netd_listener
netpolicy
netstats
network_management
network_score
network_time_update_service
network_watchlist
neuronsystem
nfc
notification
nwdiagnose
oae
oem_lock
oemlinklatency
oiface
omedia
oppo.com.IRUtils
oppo.junklog
oppocustomize
otadexopt
overlay
package
package_native
permission
persistent_data_block
phone
pinner
power
power_monitor
print
processinfo
procstats
qti.ims.ext
recovery
restrictions
scheduling_policy
search
sec_key_att_app_id_provider
secrecy
secure_element
sensorservice
serial
servicediscovery
settings
shortcut
simphonebook
sip
slice
soundtrigger
stats
statscompanion
statusbar
storaged
storaged_pri
storagestats
system_update
telecom
telephony.registry
textclassification
textservices
thermalservice
trust
uimode
updatelock
usage
usagestats
usb
user
vendor.perfservice
vibrator
voiceinteraction
wallpaper
webviewupdate
wifi
wificond
wifip2p
wifiscanner
window
复制代码输出的结果中，activity作为了services类型中的一种，赫然在列。但除了activity，还有很多其他的services类型，如display、package、battery、wifi等等。每一种services类型，都具有自身的详细信息，这些信息，在特定需求场景下是非常有用的。
例如：
OP4A57:/ $ dumpsys display
....
Display Devices: size=1
DisplayDeviceInfo{"内置屏幕": uniqueId="local:0", 1080 x 2400, modeId 1, defaultModeId 1, supportedModes [{id=1, width=1080, height=2400, fps=61.000004}], colorMode 0, supportedColorModes [0, 7, 9], HdrCapabilities android.view.Display$HdrCapabilities@7d47da60, density 480, 403.411 x 401.052 dpi, appVsyncOff 1000000, presDeadline 16393442, touch INTERNAL, rotation 0, type BUILT_IN, state OFF, FLAG_DEFAULT_DISPLAY, FLAG_ROTATES_WITH_CONTENT, FLAG_SECURE, FLAG_SUPPORTS_PROTECTED_BUFFERS}
....
复制代码dumpsys display可以显示屏幕相关的详细信息。
dumpsys package可以显示系统中各安装包及对应的安装包信息。
OP4A57:/ $ dumpsys package | grep meituan
....
[com.sankuai.meituan.ShareFileProvider]:
Provider{dbcd881 com.sankuai.meituan/com.sankuai.android.share.provider.ShareFileProvider}
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{da22029 com.sankuai.meituan}
[com.sankuai.meituan]
Package [com.sankuai.meituan] (f1d4026):
pkg=Package{320c8ba com.sankuai.meituan}
codePath=/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==
resourcePath=/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==
legacyNativeLibraryDir=/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{da22029 com.sankuai.meituan}
dataDir=/data/user/0/com.sankuai.meituan
com.sankuai.meituan.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE: prot=signature, INSTALLED
com.sankuai.meituan.push.permission.MESSAGE: prot=signature, INSTALLED
com.sankuai.meituan.permission.C2D_MESSAGE: prot=signature, INSTALLED
com.sankuai.meituan.permission.C2D_MESSAGE: granted=true
com.sankuai.meituan.push.permission.MESSAGE: granted=true
com.sankuai.meituan.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE: granted=true
seq=36, package=com.sankuai.meituan
com.sankuai.meituan/com.meituan.android.quickpass.manage.lib.service.ApduService: android.permission.BIND_NFC_SERVICE
com.sankuai.meituan/com.dianping.oppopush.OPPOPushService: com.coloros.mcs.permission.SEND_MCS_MESSAGE
[com.sankuai.meituan]
path: /data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/base.apk
....
复制代码再来看一个，比较有意思的。
dumpsys package
复制代码其中部分信息输出如下：
Package [com.didi.es.psngr] (ed0be86):
userId=10195
pkg=Package{8324cfd com.didi.es.psngr}
codePath=/data/app/com.didi.es.psngr-TI2cYenR9Sf-xgF8oghSSQ==
resourcePath=/data/app/com.didi.es.psngr-TI2cYenR9Sf-xgF8oghSSQ==
legacyNativeLibraryDir=/data/app/com.didi.es.psngr-TI2cYenR9Sf-xgF8oghSSQ==/lib
primaryCpuAbi=armeabi-v7a
secondaryCpuAbi=null
versionCode=119 minSdk=18 targetSdk=26
versionName=2.6.1
splits=[base]
apkSigningVersion=3
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{6069f42 com.didi.es.psngr}
flags=[ HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA ]
privateFlags=[ PRIVATE_FLAG_ACTIVITIES_RESIZE_MODE_RESIZEABLE_VIA_SDK_VERSION ]
dataDir=/data/user/0/com.didi.es.psngr
supportsScreens=[small, medium, large, xlarge, resizeable, anyDensity]
usesLibraries:
org.apache.http.legacy
usesLibraryFiles:
/system/framework/org.apache.http.legacy.boot.jar
timeStamp=2019-11-07 21:04:40
firstInstallTime=2019-11-07 21:04:41
lastUpdateTime=2019-11-07 21:04:41
installerPackageName=com.oppo.market
signatures=PackageSignatures{98e0df2 version:3, signatures:[16b402b6], past signatures:[177dbb98 flags: 17, 16b402b6 flags: 17]}
installPermissionsFixed=true
pkgFlags=[ HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA ]
declared permissions:
android.permission.GET_TASKS: prot=normal
com.didi.es.login.permission.broadcast: prot=normal, INSTALLED
com.didi.es.psngr.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE: prot=signature, INSTALLED
getui.permission.GetuiService.com.didi.es.psngr: prot=normal, INSTALLED
install permissions:
getui.permission.GetuiService.com.didi.es.psngr: granted=true
android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS: granted=true
android.permission.MANAGE_ACCOUNTS: granted=true
com.didi.es.login.permission.broadcast: granted=true
android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE: granted=true
android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED: granted=true
android.permission.BLUETOOTH: granted=true
android.permission.GET_TASKS: granted=true
android.permission.INTERNET: granted=true
android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN: granted=true
android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS: granted=true
android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY: granted=true
android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE: granted=true
android.permission.FLASHLIGHT: granted=true
android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE: granted=true
android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD: granted=true
com.didi.es.psngr.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE: granted=true
android.permission.VIBRATE: granted=true
android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE: granted=true
com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT: granted=true
android.permission.WAKE_LOCK: granted=true
User 0: ceDataInode=2883956 installed=true hidden=false suspended=false stopped=true notLaunched=false enabled=2 ofs=2 instant=false virtual=false
lastDisabledCaller: com.coloros.safecenter
gids=[3002, 3003, 3001]
runtime permissions:
android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION: granted=true
android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: granted=true
android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE: granted=true
android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: granted=true
enabledComponents:
com.xiaomi.push.service.XMPushService
复制代码这里面，这些信息就比较有意思了。
firstInstallTime - app首次安装时间lastUpdateTime - app最近更新时间installerPackageName - app从哪个应用市场下载的
以及，其后面的runtime permissions运行时权限授予情况等。
dumpsys battery显示电量信息。
OP4A57:/ $ dumpsys battery
Current OPPO Battery Service state:
Charger voltage : 4930
Battery current : -338
ChargerTechnology: 1
ChargeFastCharger: false
PlugType: 2
UpdatesStopped: false
UsbHwStatus: 0
Current Battery Service state:
AC powered: false
USB powered: true
Wireless powered: false
Max charging current: 500000
Max charging voltage: 5000000
Charge counter: 50
status: 2
health: 2
present: true
level: 96
scale: 100
voltage: 4385
temperature: 305
technology: Li-ion
mUsbStatus: 0
PhoneTemp: 329
复制代码dumpsys命令是在太强大了，只能用霸气来形容。
3.2 am命令
同样的，am命令可厉害了。如果说dumpsys命令侧重在于显示信息，am命令则侧重于与App的直接交互。例如，开发调试时，发一个广播，启动一个服务，启动activity，强行停止与包关联的所有进程，设置设备属性等等。
不举例子了，具体直接看帮助说明。
255|OP4A57:/ $ am help
Activity manager (activity) commands:
help
Print this help text.
start-activity [-D] [-N] [-W] [-P <FILE>] [--start-profiler <FILE>]
[--sampling INTERVAL] [--streaming] [-R COUNT] [-S]
[--track-allocation] [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
Start an Activity. Options are:
-D: enable debugging
-N: enable native debugging
-W: wait for launch to complete
--start-profiler <FILE>: start profiler and send results to <FILE>
--sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
between samples (use with --start-profiler)
--streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file
(use with --start-profiler)
-P <FILE>: like above, but profiling stops when app goes idle
--attach-agent <agent>: attach the given agent before binding
--attach-agent-bind <agent>: attach the given agent during binding
-R: repeat the activity launch <COUNT> times. Prior to each repeat,
the top activity will be finished.
-S: force stop the target app before starting the activity
--track-allocation: enable tracking of object allocations
--user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
specified then run as the current user.
--windowingMode <WINDOWING_MODE>: The windowing mode to launch the activity into.
--activityType <ACTIVITY_TYPE>: The activity type to launch the activity as.
start-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
Start a Service. Options are:
--user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
specified then run as the current user.
start-foreground-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
Start a foreground Service. Options are:
--user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
specified then run as the current user.
stop-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
Stop a Service. Options are:
--user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
specified then run as the current user.
broadcast [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <INTENT>
Send a broadcast Intent. Options are:
--user <USER_ID> | all | current: Specify which user to send to; if not
specified then send to all users.
--receiver-permission <PERMISSION>: Require receiver to hold permission.
instrument [-r] [-e <NAME> <VALUE>] [-p <FILE>] [-w]
[--user <USER_ID> | current] [--no-hidden-api-checks]
[--no-window-animation] [--abi <ABI>] <COMPONENT>
Start an Instrumentation. Typically this target <COMPONENT> is in the
form <TEST_PACKAGE>/<RUNNER_CLASS> or only <TEST_PACKAGE> if there
is only one instrumentation. Options are:
-r: print raw results (otherwise decode REPORT_KEY_STREAMRESULT). Use with
[-e perf true] to generate raw output for performance measurements.
-e <NAME> <VALUE>: set argument <NAME> to <VALUE>. For test runners a
common form is [-e <testrunner_flag> <value>[,<value>...]].
-p <FILE>: write profiling data to <FILE>
-m: Write output as protobuf to stdout (machine readable)
-f <Optional PATH/TO/FILE>: Write output as protobuf to a file (machine
readable). If path is not specified, default directory and file name will
be used: /sdcard/instrument-logs/log-yyyyMMdd-hhmmss-SSS.instrumentation_data_proto
-w: wait for instrumentation to finish before returning. Required for
test runners.
--user <USER_ID> | current: Specify user instrumentation runs in;
current user if not specified.
--no-hidden-api-checks: disable restrictions on use of hidden API.
--no-window-animation: turn off window animations while running.
--abi <ABI>: Launch the instrumented process with the selected ABI.
This assumes that the process supports the selected ABI.
trace-ipc [start|stop] [--dump-file <FILE>]
Trace IPC transactions.
start: start tracing IPC transactions.
stop: stop tracing IPC transactions and dump the results to file.
--dump-file <FILE>: Specify the file the trace should be dumped to.
profile [start|stop] [--user <USER_ID> current] [--sampling INTERVAL]
[--streaming] <PROCESS> <FILE>
Start and stop profiler on a process. The given <PROCESS> argument
may be either a process name or pid. Options are:
--user <USER_ID> | current: When supplying a process name,
specify user of process to profile; uses current user if not specified.
--sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
between samples
--streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file
dumpheap [--user <USER_ID> current] [-n] [-g] <PROCESS> <FILE>
Dump the heap of a process. The given <PROCESS> argument may
be either a process name or pid. Options are:
-n: dump native heap instead of managed heap
-g: force GC before dumping the heap
--user <USER_ID> | current: When supplying a process name,
specify user of process to dump; uses current user if not specified.
set-debug-app [-w] [--persistent] <PACKAGE>
Set application <PACKAGE> to debug. Options are:
-w: wait for debugger when application starts
--persistent: retain this value
clear-debug-app
Clear the previously set-debug-app.
set-watch-heap <PROCESS> <MEM-LIMIT>
Start monitoring pss size of <PROCESS>, if it is at or
above <HEAP-LIMIT> then a heap dump is collected for the user to report.
clear-watch-heap
Clear the previously set-watch-heap.
bug-report [--progress | --telephony]
Request bug report generation; will launch a notification
when done to select where it should be delivered. Options are:
--progress: will launch a notification right away to show its progress.
--telephony: will dump only telephony sections.
force-stop [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <PACKAGE>
Completely stop the given application package.
crash [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE|PID>
Induce a VM crash in the specified package or process
kill [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <PACKAGE>
Kill all background processes associated with the given application.
kill-all
Kill all processes that are safe to kill (cached, etc).
make-uid-idle [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <PACKAGE>
If the given application's uid is in the background and waiting to
become idle (not allowing background services), do that now.
monitor [--gdb <port>]
Start monitoring for crashes or ANRs.
--gdb: start gdbserv on the given port at crash/ANR
watch-uids [--oom <uid>]
Start watching for and reporting uid state changes.
--oom: specify a uid for which to report detailed change messages.
hang [--allow-restart]
Hang the system.
--allow-restart: allow watchdog to perform normal system restart
restart
Restart the user-space system.
idle-maintenance
Perform idle maintenance now.
screen-compat [on|off] <PACKAGE>
Control screen compatibility mode of <PACKAGE>.
package-importance <PACKAGE>
Print current importance of <PACKAGE>.
to-uri [INTENT]
Print the given Intent specification as a URI.
to-intent-uri [INTENT]
Print the given Intent specification as an intent: URI.
to-app-uri [INTENT]
Print the given Intent specification as an android-app: URI.
switch-user <USER_ID>
Switch to put USER_ID in the foreground, starting
execution of that user if it is currently stopped.
get-current-user
Returns id of the current foreground user.
start-user <USER_ID>
Start USER_ID in background if it is currently stopped;
use switch-user if you want to start the user in foreground
unlock-user <USER_ID> [TOKEN_HEX]
Attempt to unlock the given user using the given authorization token.
stop-user [-w] [-f] <USER_ID>
Stop execution of USER_ID, not allowing it to run any
code until a later explicit start or switch to it.
-w: wait for stop-user to complete.
-f: force stop even if there are related users that cannot be stopped.
is-user-stopped <USER_ID>
Returns whether <USER_ID> has been stopped or not.
get-started-user-state <USER_ID>
Gets the current state of the given started user.
track-associations
Enable association tracking.
untrack-associations
Disable and clear association tracking.
get-uid-state <UID>
Gets the process state of an app given its <UID>.
attach-agent <PROCESS> <FILE>
Attach an agent to the specified <PROCESS>, which may be either a process name or a PID.
get-config [--days N] [--device] [--proto]
Retrieve the configuration and any recent configurations of the device.
--days: also return last N days of configurations that have been seen.
--device: also output global device configuration info.
--proto: return result as a proto; does not include --days info.
supports-multiwindow
Returns true if the device supports multiwindow.
supports-split-screen-multi-window
Returns true if the device supports split screen multiwindow.
suppress-resize-config-changes <true|false>
Suppresses configuration changes due to user resizing an activity/task.
set-inactive [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE> true|false
Sets the inactive state of an app.
get-inactive [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE>
Returns the inactive state of an app.
set-standby-bucket [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE> active|working_set|frequent|rare
Puts an app in the standby bucket.
get-standby-bucket [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE>
Returns the standby bucket of an app.
send-trim-memory [--user <USER_ID>] <PROCESS>
[HIDDEN|RUNNING_MODERATE|BACKGROUND|RUNNING_LOW|MODERATE|RUNNING_CRITICAL|COMPLETE]
Send a memory trim event to a <PROCESS>. May also supply a raw trim int level.
display [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for operating on displays.
move-stack <STACK_ID> <DISPLAY_ID>
Move <STACK_ID> from its current display to <DISPLAY_ID>.
stack [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for operating on activity stacks.
start <DISPLAY_ID> <INTENT>
Start a new activity on <DISPLAY_ID> using <INTENT>
move-task <TASK_ID> <STACK_ID> [true|false]
Move <TASK_ID> from its current stack to the top (true) or
bottom (false) of <STACK_ID>.
resize <STACK_ID> <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
Change <STACK_ID> size and position to <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>.
resize-animated <STACK_ID> <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
Same as resize, but allow animation.
resize-docked-stack <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM> [<TASK_LEFT,TASK_TOP,TASK_RIGHT,TASK_BOTTOM>]
Change docked stack to <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
and supplying temporary different task bounds indicated by
<TASK_LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
move-top-activity-to-pinned-stack: <STACK_ID> <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
Moves the top activity from
<STACK_ID> to the pinned stack using <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM> for the
bounds of the pinned stack.
positiontask <TASK_ID> <STACK_ID> <POSITION>
Place <TASK_ID> in <STACK_ID> at <POSITION>
list
List all of the activity stacks and their sizes.
info <WINDOWING_MODE> <ACTIVITY_TYPE>
Display the information about activity stack in <WINDOWING_MODE> and <ACTIVITY_TYPE>.
remove <STACK_ID>
Remove stack <STACK_ID>.
task [COMMAND] [...]: sub-commands for operating on activity tasks.
lock <TASK_ID>
Bring <TASK_ID> to the front and don't allow other tasks to run.
lock stop
End the current task lock.
resizeable <TASK_ID> [0|1|2|3]
Change resizeable mode of <TASK_ID> to one of the following:
0: unresizeable
1: crop_windows
2: resizeable
3: resizeable_and_pipable
resize <TASK_ID> <LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM>
Makes sure <TASK_ID> is in a stack with the specified bounds.
Forces the task to be resizeable and creates a stack if no existing stack
has the specified bounds.
update-appinfo <USER_ID> <PACKAGE_NAME> [<PACKAGE_NAME>...]
Update the ApplicationInfo objects of the listed packages for <USER_ID>
without restarting any processes.
write
Write all pending state to storage.
<INTENT> specifications include these flags and arguments:
[-a <ACTION>] [-d <DATA_URI>] [-t <MIME_TYPE>]
[-c <CATEGORY> [-c <CATEGORY>] ...]
[-n <COMPONENT_NAME>]
[-e|--es <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE> ...]
[--esn <EXTRA_KEY> ...]
[--ez <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_BOOLEAN_VALUE> ...]
[--ei <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE> ...]
[--el <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE> ...]
[--ef <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE> ...]
[--eu <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_URI_VALUE> ...]
[--ecn <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_COMPONENT_NAME_VALUE>]
[--eia <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_INT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as Integer[])
[--eial <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_INT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<Integer>)
[--ela <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_LONG_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as Long[])
[--elal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_LONG_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<Long>)
[--efa <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as Float[])
[--efal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<Float>)
[--esa <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_STRING_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as String[]; to embed a comma into a string,
escape it using "\,")
[--esal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_STRING_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<String>; to embed a comma into a string,
escape it using "\,")
[-f <FLAG>]
[--grant-read-uri-permission] [--grant-write-uri-permission]
[--grant-persistable-uri-permission] [--grant-prefix-uri-permission]
[--debug-log-resolution] [--exclude-stopped-packages]
[--include-stopped-packages]
[--activity-brought-to-front] [--activity-clear-top]
[--activity-clear-when-task-reset] [--activity-exclude-from-recents]
[--activity-launched-from-history] [--activity-multiple-task]
[--activity-no-animation] [--activity-no-history]
[--activity-no-user-action] [--activity-previous-is-top]
[--activity-reorder-to-front] [--activity-reset-task-if-needed]
[--activity-single-top] [--activity-clear-task]
[--activity-task-on-home] [--activity-match-external]
[--receiver-registered-only] [--receiver-replace-pending]
[--receiver-foreground] [--receiver-no-abort]
[--receiver-include-background]
[--selector]
[<URI> | <PACKAGE> | <COMPONENT>]
复制代码强大如斯。
3.3 pm命令
pm命令侧重于安装包管理，包括安装包的信息查看与处理。如输出安装包路径，清除app数据，查看权限详情等信息。
先来看看帮助文档说明：
OP4A57:/ $ pm help
Package manager (package) commands:
help
Print this help text.
path [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE
Print the path to the .apk of the given PACKAGE.
dump PACKAGE
Print various system state associated with the given PACKAGE.
list features
Prints all features of the system.
has-feature FEATURE_NAME [version]
Prints true and returns exit status 0 when system has a FEATURE_NAME,
otherwise prints false and returns exit status 1
list instrumentation [-f] [TARGET-PACKAGE]
Prints all test packages; optionally only those targeting TARGET-PACKAGE
Options:
-f: dump the name of the .apk file containing the test package
list libraries
Prints all system libraries.
list packages [-f] [-d] [-e] [-s] [-3] [-i] [-l] [-u] [-U]
[--uid UID] [--user USER_ID] [FILTER]
Prints all packages; optionally only those whose name contains
the text in FILTER. Options are:
-f: see their associated file
-d: filter to only show disabled packages
-e: filter to only show enabled packages
-s: filter to only show system packages
-3: filter to only show third party packages
-i: see the installer for the packages
-l: ignored (used for compatibility with older releases)
-U: also show the package UID
-u: also include uninstalled packages
--uid UID: filter to only show packages with the given UID
--user USER_ID: only list packages belonging to the given user
list permission-groups
Prints all known permission groups.
list permissions [-g] [-f] [-d] [-u] [GROUP]
Prints all known permissions; optionally only those in GROUP. Options are:
-g: organize by group
-f: print all information
-s: short summary
-d: only list dangerous permissions
-u: list only the permissions users will see
resolve-activity [--brief] [--components] [--user USER_ID] INTENT
Prints the activity that resolves to the given INTENT.
query-activities [--brief] [--components] [--user USER_ID] INTENT
Prints all activities that can handle the given INTENT.
query-services [--brief] [--components] [--user USER_ID] INTENT
Prints all services that can handle the given INTENT.
query-receivers [--brief] [--components] [--user USER_ID] INTENT
Prints all broadcast receivers that can handle the given INTENT.
install [-lrtsfdg] [-i PACKAGE] [--user USER_ID|all|current]
[-p INHERIT_PACKAGE] [--install-location 0/1/2]
[--originating-uri URI] [---referrer URI]
[--abi ABI_NAME] [--force-sdk]
[--preload] [--instantapp] [--full] [--dont-kill]
[--force-uuid internal|UUID] [--pkg PACKAGE] [-S BYTES] [PATH|-]
Install an application. Must provide the apk data to install, either as a
file path or '-' to read from stdin. Options are:
-l: forward lock application
-R: disallow replacement of existing application
-t: allow test packages
-i: specify package name of installer owning the app
-s: install application on sdcard
-f: install application on internal flash
-d: allow version code downgrade (debuggable packages only)
-p: partial application install (new split on top of existing pkg)
-g: grant all runtime permissions
-S: size in bytes of package, required for stdin
--user: install under the given user.
--dont-kill: installing a new feature split, don't kill running app
--originating-uri: set URI where app was downloaded from
--referrer: set URI that instigated the install of the app
--pkg: specify expected package name of app being installed
--abi: override the default ABI of the platform
--instantapp: cause the app to be installed as an ephemeral install app
--full: cause the app to be installed as a non-ephemeral full app
--install-location: force the install location:
0=auto, 1=internal only, 2=prefer external
--force-uuid: force install on to disk volume with given UUID
--force-sdk: allow install even when existing app targets platform
codename but new one targets a final API level
install-create [-lrtsfdg] [-i PACKAGE] [--user USER_ID|all|current]
[-p INHERIT_PACKAGE] [--install-location 0/1/2]
[--originating-uri URI] [---referrer URI]
[--abi ABI_NAME] [--force-sdk]
[--preload] [--instantapp] [--full] [--dont-kill]
[--force-uuid internal|UUID] [--pkg PACKAGE] [-S BYTES]
Like "install", but starts an install session. Use "install-write"
to push data into the session, and "install-commit" to finish.
install-write [-S BYTES] SESSION_ID SPLIT_NAME [PATH|-]
Write an apk into the given install session. If the path is '-', data
will be read from stdin. Options are:
-S: size in bytes of package, required for stdin
install-commit SESSION_ID
Commit the given active install session, installing the app.
install-abandon SESSION_ID
Delete the given active install session.
set-install-location LOCATION
Changes the default install location. NOTE this is only intended for debugging;
using this can cause applications to break and other undersireable behavior.
LOCATION is one of:
0 [auto]: Let system decide the best location
1 [internal]: Install on internal device storage
2 [external]: Install on external media
get-install-location
Returns the current install location: 0, 1 or 2 as per set-install-location.
move-package PACKAGE [internal|UUID]
move-primary-storage [internal|UUID]
pm uninstall [-k] [--user USER_ID] [--versionCode VERSION_CODE] PACKAGE [SPLIT]
Remove the given package name from the system. May remove an entire app
if no SPLIT name is specified, otherwise will remove only the split of the
given app. Options are:
-k: keep the data and cache directories around after package removal.
--user: remove the app from the given user.
--versionCode: only uninstall if the app has the given version code.
clear [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE
Deletes all data associated with a package.
enable [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
disable [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
disable-user [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
disable-until-used [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
default-state [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
These commands change the enabled state of a given package or
component (written as "package/class").
hide [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
unhide [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
suspend [--user USER_ID] TARGET-PACKAGE
Suspends the specified package (as user).
unsuspend [--user USER_ID] TARGET-PACKAGE
Unsuspends the specified package (as user).
grant [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE PERMISSION
revoke [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE PERMISSION
These commands either grant or revoke permissions to apps. The permissions
must be declared as used in the app's manifest, be runtime permissions
(protection level dangerous), and the app targeting SDK greater than Lollipop MR1.
reset-permissions
Revert all runtime permissions to their default state.
set-permission-enforced PERMISSION [true|false]
get-privapp-permissions TARGET-PACKAGE
Prints all privileged permissions for a package.
get-privapp-deny-permissions TARGET-PACKAGE
Prints all privileged permissions that are denied for a package.
get-oem-permissions TARGET-PACKAGE
Prints all OEM permissions for a package.
set-app-link [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE {always|ask|never|undefined}
get-app-link [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE
trim-caches DESIRED_FREE_SPACE [internal|UUID]
Trim cache files to reach the given free space.
create-user [--profileOf USER_ID] [--managed] [--restricted] [--ephemeral]
[--guest] USER_NAME
Create a new user with the given USER_NAME, printing the new user identifier
of the user.
remove-user USER_ID
Remove the user with the given USER_IDENTIFIER, deleting all data
associated with that user
set-user-restriction [--user USER_ID] RESTRICTION VALUE
get-max-users
get-max-running-users
compile [-m MODE | -r REASON] [-f] [-c] [--split SPLIT_NAME]
[--reset] [--check-prof (true | false)] (-a | TARGET-PACKAGE)
Trigger compilation of TARGET-PACKAGE or all packages if "-a". Options are:
-a: compile all packages
-c: clear profile data before compiling
-f: force compilation even if not needed
-m: select compilation mode
MODE is one of the dex2oat compiler filters:
assume-verified
extract
verify
quicken
space-profile
space
speed-profile
speed
everything
-r: select compilation reason
REASON is one of:
first-boot
boot
install
bg-dexopt
ab-ota
inactive
shared
core-app
--reset: restore package to its post-install state
--check-prof (true | false): look at profiles when doing dexopt?
--secondary-dex: compile app secondary dex files
--split SPLIT: compile only the given split name
force-dex-opt PACKAGE
Force immediate execution of dex opt for the given PACKAGE.
bg-dexopt-job
Execute the background optimizations immediately.
Note that the command only runs the background optimizer logic. It may
overlap with the actual job but the job scheduler will not be able to
cancel it. It will also run even if the device is not in the idle
maintenance mode.
reconcile-secondary-dex-files TARGET-PACKAGE
Reconciles the package secondary dex files with the generated oat files.
dump-profiles TARGET-PACKAGE
Dumps method/class profile files to
/data/misc/profman/TARGET-PACKAGE.txt
snapshot-profile TARGET-PACKAGE [--code-path path]
Take a snapshot of the package profiles to
/data/misc/profman/TARGET-PACKAGE[-code-path].prof
If TARGET-PACKAGE=android it will take a snapshot of the boot image
set-home-activity [--user USER_ID] TARGET-COMPONENT
Set the default home activity (aka launcher).
set-installer PACKAGE INSTALLER
Set installer package name
get-instantapp-resolver
Return the name of the component that is the current instant app installer.
set-harmful-app-warning [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE> [<WARNING>]
Mark the app as harmful with the given warning message.
get-harmful-app-warning [--user <USER_ID>] <PACKAGE>
Return the harmful app warning message for the given app, if present
uninstall-system-updates
Remove updates to all system applications and fall back to their /system version.
<INTENT> specifications include these flags and arguments:
[-a <ACTION>] [-d <DATA_URI>] [-t <MIME_TYPE>]
[-c <CATEGORY> [-c <CATEGORY>] ...]
[-n <COMPONENT_NAME>]
[-e|--es <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE> ...]
[--esn <EXTRA_KEY> ...]
[--ez <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_BOOLEAN_VALUE> ...]
[--ei <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE> ...]
[--el <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE> ...]
[--ef <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE> ...]
[--eu <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_URI_VALUE> ...]
[--ecn <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_COMPONENT_NAME_VALUE>]
[--eia <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_INT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as Integer[])
[--eial <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_INT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<Integer>)
[--ela <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_LONG_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as Long[])
[--elal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_LONG_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_LONG_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<Long>)
[--efa <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as Float[])
[--efal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_FLOAT_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<Float>)
[--esa <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_STRING_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as String[]; to embed a comma into a string,
escape it using "\,")
[--esal <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE>[,<EXTRA_STRING_VALUE...]]
(mutiple extras passed as List<String>; to embed a comma into a string,
escape it using "\,")
[-f <FLAG>]
[--grant-read-uri-permission] [--grant-write-uri-permission]
[--grant-persistable-uri-permission] [--grant-prefix-uri-permission]
[--debug-log-resolution] [--exclude-stopped-packages]
[--include-stopped-packages]
[--activity-brought-to-front] [--activity-clear-top]
[--activity-clear-when-task-reset] [--activity-exclude-from-recents]
[--activity-launched-from-history] [--activity-multiple-task]
[--activity-no-animation] [--activity-no-history]
[--activity-no-user-action] [--activity-previous-is-top]
[--activity-reorder-to-front] [--activity-reset-task-if-needed]
[--activity-single-top] [--activity-clear-task]
[--activity-task-on-home] [--activity-match-external]
[--receiver-registered-only] [--receiver-replace-pending]
[--receiver-foreground] [--receiver-no-abort]
[--receiver-include-background]
[--selector]
[<URI> | <PACKAGE> | <COMPONENT>]
复制代码这里面有几个常用的。
1，直接看安装的app的位置信息，例如查看对应的so架构类型及so文件。
OP4A57:/ $ pm path com.sankuai.meituan
package:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/base.apk
OP4A57:/ $
OP4A57:/ $
OP4A57:/ $
OP4A57:/ $ cd /data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ== $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ== $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ== $ ls -al
total 89488
drwxr-xr-x 4 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 .
drwxrwx--x 64 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 system system 91619230 2019-11-09 16:59 base.apk
drwxr-xr-x 3 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 lib
drwxrwx--x 3 system install 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 oat
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ== $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ== $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ== $ cd lib
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib $ ls -al
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 arm
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib $ cd arm
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib/arm $
OP4A57:/data/app/com.sankuai.meituan-DJ5zz15kfZBSI030X71JkQ==/lib/arm $ ls -al
total 31720
drwxr-xr-x 2 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 system system 4096 2019-11-09 16:59 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 3056817 1979-11-30 00:00 libAMapSDK_MAP_v6_9_4.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 390628 1979-11-30 00:00 libBaiduMapSDK_base_v5_4_5.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 2491780 1979-11-30 00:00 libBaiduMapSDK_map_v5_4_5.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 628096 1979-11-30 00:00 libCardOcr.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 296828 1979-11-30 00:00 libCtaApiLib.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 124724 1979-11-30 00:00 libHprofUtils.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 62868 1979-11-30 00:00 libPayRequestCrypt.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 5363100 1979-11-30 00:00 libagora-rtc-sdk-jni.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 255932 1979-11-30 00:00 libanimated-webp.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 17820 1979-11-30 00:00 libbsdiff-gzip.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 53448 1979-11-30 00:00 libbspatch.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 108256 1979-11-30 00:00 libcrash_extra_tools.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 13404 1979-11-30 00:00 libdpobj.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 115928 1979-11-30 00:00 libentryexpro.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 99600 1979-11-30 00:00 libextractCard.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 456248 1979-11-30 00:00 libfaceliveness.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 79124 1979-11-30 00:00 libfb.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 111940 1979-11-30 00:00 libfolly_json.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 75108 1979-11-30 00:00 libglog.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 17672 1979-11-30 00:00 libglog_init.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 661132 1979-11-30 00:00 libgnustl_shared.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 13524 1979-11-30 00:00 libgpuimage-library.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 4029548 1979-11-30 00:00 libhce-engine.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 943444 1979-11-30 00:00 libicu_common.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 1910900 1979-11-30 00:00 libjsc.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 5987248 1979-11-30 00:00 libjse.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 132620 1979-11-30 00:00 liblogan.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 165576 1979-11-30 00:00 libmmkv.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 136692 1979-11-30 00:00 libmoon.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 522656 1979-11-30 00:00 libmtcodeReaderjni.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 262892 1979-11-30 00:00 libmtguard.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 25740 1979-11-30 00:00 libnh.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 38432 1979-11-30 00:00 libpl_droidsonroids_gif.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 9480 1979-11-30 00:00 libprivatedata.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 17892 1979-11-30 00:00 libqrcode-engine.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 308560 1979-11-30 00:00 libreactnativejni.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 120400 1979-11-30 00:00 libsnare_1.0.2.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 2104456 1979-11-30 00:00 libtxmapengine.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 472964 1979-11-30 00:00 libuptsmaddon.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 472964 1979-11-30 00:00 libuptsmaddonmi.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 30232 1979-11-30 00:00 libutility.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 21752 1979-11-30 00:00 libweibosdkcore.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 34416 1979-11-30 00:00 libwind.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 system system 120120 1979-11-30 00:00 libyoga.so
复制代码2，pm clear packageName，这个命令太实用了。
清除app数据，这在不卸载，不去设置中找清除数据的地方，就可以直接清楚数据，模拟首次安装场景。
3，grant package_name permission/revoke package_name permission
授予权限/清除权限，配合前面的dumpsys package可以调试特殊机型上权限这块的问题。
四、结语
通过adb，可以从开发环境桥接到设备环境，甚至在目标设备内部，通过程序的方式直接执行adb shell环境下的对应命令，以获取应用层程序原本不能直接获取到的有用信息，这在某些特定的需求场景下非常有用。
adb shell命令，在原本Linux命令基础上，进一步丰富了Android系统相关的命令集。尤其以dumpsys、am、pm等命令为代表的命令实体，内含有丰富的命令参数。大概了解这些命令及对应的作用，可以在一定程序上大大方便我们的开发调试过程。
五、环境
文中实践及对应结果，可能与本机环境及设备有关，特备注如下：
MacOS：10.13.4
Android：Oppo Reno2
AS：3.5.1
AS：3.5.1
Gralde: 4.6
AGP: 3.2.1
复制代码六、参考文档
developer.android.com/studio/comm…
github.com/mzlogin/awe…
作者：HappyCorn
链接：https://juejin.im/post/5dc622b06fb9a04a856f7a9c
来源：掘金
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。