Android 调用摄像头功能【拍照与视频】

2023-07-22 22:38:16

应用场景：

在Android开发过程中，有时须要调用手机自身设备的功能，上篇文章主要側重摄像头拍照功能的调用。本篇文章将综合实现拍照与视频的操作。

知识点介绍：

该部分请阅读【Android 调用摄像头功能】

使用方式：

第一步：

新建一个Android项目CameraPhotoVedio,包括两个Activity: MainActivity、CameraActivity。

第二步：
【activity_main.xml】

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:background="@drawable/shape_main"

    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:orientation="vertical">

        <ImageView android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_gravity="center"

            android:src="@drawable/main"/>

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

        android:orientation="vertical">

        <Button

            android:id="@+id/main_button"

            android:layout_height="50dp"

            android:layout_marginBottom="50dp"

            android:background="@drawable/shape_main"

            android:layout_width="match_parent"

            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"

            android:text="使用摄像头"/>

    </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

【MainActivity.java】

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private Button button; //调用摄像头按钮

	@Override

	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

		initViews();

	}

	private void initViews() {

		button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_button);

		button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override

			public void onClick(View v) {

				startActivity(new Intent(getApplicationContext(), CameraActivity.class));

			}

		});

	}

}

【activity_camera.xml】

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:background="#FFFFFF"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    tools:context=".CameraActivity" >

    <SurfaceView

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

    	android:layout_height="match_parent"

    	android:id="@+id/camera_surfaceview"/>

	<TextView android:layout_height="wrap_content"

	    android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	    android:text="计时区域"

	    android:id="@+id/camera_time"/>

	<LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"

	    android:layout_width="match_parent"

	    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

	    android:orientation="horizontal">

	    <Button android:layout_height="30dp"

	        android:layout_width="match_parent"

	        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"

	        android:layout_weight="1"

	        android:background="@drawable/shape_main"

	        android:id="@+id/camera_photo"

	        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"

	        android:textColor="#FFFFFF"

	        android:layout_marginRight="5dp"

	        android:text="照片摄取"/>

	    <Button android:layout_height="30dp"

	        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"

	        android:layout_width="match_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="1"

	        android:background="@drawable/shape_main"

	        android:id="@+id/camera_vedio"

	        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"

	        android:textColor="#FFFFFF"

	        android:layout_marginRight="5dp"

	        android:text="视频摄取"/>

	</LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

【CameraActivity.java】

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Date;

import com.example.cameraphotovideo.utils.FormatUtil;

import android.graphics.ImageFormat;

import android.hardware.Camera;

import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;

import android.media.MediaRecorder;

import android.os.AsyncTask;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.Environment;

import android.os.Handler;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

import android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback;

import android.view.SurfaceView;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class CameraActivity extends Activity {

	private String tag ="MaHaochen_______CameraActivity";

	private SurfaceView surfaceView;

	private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;

	private Camera camera;

	private MediaRecorder mediaRecorder;

	private Button photoButton;  //拍照按钮

	private Button vedioButton;  //摄像按钮

	private TextView timeTextView;

	protected boolean isPreview = false; //摄像区域是否准备良好

	private boolean isRecording = true; // true表示没有录像，点击開始。false表示正在录像，点击暂停

	private boolean bool;

	private int hour = 0;

	private int minute = 0;     //计时专用

	private int second = 0;

	private File mRecVedioPath;

	private File mRecAudioFile;

	@Override

	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);

		initCamera();

		initViews();

	}

	//初始化摄像头

	private void initCamera() {

		mRecVedioPath = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()

				.getAbsolutePath() + "/mahc/video/temp/");

		if (!mRecVedioPath.exists()) {

			mRecVedioPath.mkdirs();

		}

		surfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.camera_surfaceview);

		SurfaceHolder cameraSurfaceHolder = surfaceView.getHolder();

		cameraSurfaceHolder.addCallback(new Callback() {

			@Override

			public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

				try {

				camera = Camera.open();

				//设置Camera的角度/方向

				camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);

				Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();

				parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧

				parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式

				parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量

				camera.setParameters(parameters);

				camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);

				isPreview = true;

				camera.startPreview();

				} catch (IOException e) {

					e.printStackTrace();

				}

				surfaceHolder = holder;

			}

			@Override

			public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,

					int height) {

				surfaceHolder = holder;

			}

			@Override

			public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {

				if (camera != null) {

					if (isPreview) {

						camera.stopPreview();

						isPreview = false;

					}

					camera.release();

					camera = null; // 记得释放Camera

				}

				surfaceView = null;

				surfaceHolder = null;

				mediaRecorder = null;

			}

		});

		//开发时建议设置

		//This method was deprecated in API level 11. this is ignored, this value is set automatically when needed.

		cameraSurfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);

	}

	//初始化视图组件

	private void initViews() {

		timeTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.camera_time);

		timeTextView.setVisibility(View.GONE);

		photoButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_photo);

		vedioButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_vedio);

		ButtonOnClickListener onClickListener = new ButtonOnClickListener();

		photoButton.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);

		vedioButton.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);

	}

	class ButtonOnClickListener implements OnClickListener{

		@Override

		public void onClick(View v) {

			switch (v.getId()) {

			case R.id.camera_vedio:

				//点击開始录像

				if(isRecording){

					if (isPreview) {

						camera.stopPreview();

						camera.release();

						camera = null;

					}

					second = 0;

					minute = 0;

					hour = 0;

					bool = true;

					if(null==mediaRecorder){

						mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();

					}else {

						mediaRecorder.reset();

					}

					//表面设置显示记录媒体（视频）的预览

					mediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder.getSurface());

					//開始捕捉和编码数据到setOutputFile（指定的文件）

					mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);

					//设置用于录制的音源

					mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);

					//设置在录制过程中产生的输出文件的格式

					mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);

					//设置视频编码器，用于录制

					mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);

					//设置audio的编码格式

					mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);

					//设置要捕获的视频的宽度和高度

					mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(320, 240);

					// 设置要捕获的视频帧速率

					mediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(15);

					try {

						mRecAudioFile = File.createTempFile("Vedio", ".3gp",

								mRecVedioPath);

					} catch (IOException e) {

						e.printStackTrace();

					}

					mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mRecAudioFile.getAbsolutePath());

					try {

						mediaRecorder.prepare();

						timeTextView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

						handler.postDelayed(task, 1000);

						mediaRecorder.start();

					} catch (Exception e) {

						e.printStackTrace();

					}

					isRecording = !isRecording;

					Log.e(tag, "=====開始录制视频=====");

				}else {

					//点击停止录像

					bool = false;

					mediaRecorder.stop();

					timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour)+":"+FormatUtil.format(minute)+":"+ FormatUtil.format(second));

					mediaRecorder.release();

					mediaRecorder = null;

					FormatUtil.videoRename(mRecAudioFile);

					Log.e(tag, "=====录制完毕，已保存=====");

					isRecording = !isRecording;

					try {

						camera = Camera.open();

						Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();

//						parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧

						parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式

						parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量

						camera.setParameters(parameters);

						camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);

						camera.startPreview();

						isPreview = true;

					} catch (Exception e) {

						e.printStackTrace();

					}

				}

				break;

			case R.id.camera_photo:

				if (mediaRecorder != null) {

					try {

						bool = false;

						mediaRecorder.stop();

						timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour) + ":" + FormatUtil.format(minute) + ":"

								+ FormatUtil.format(second));

						mediaRecorder.release();

						mediaRecorder = null;

						FormatUtil.videoRename(mRecAudioFile);

					} catch (Exception e) {

						e.printStackTrace();

					}

					isRecording = !isRecording;

					Log.e(tag, "=====录制完毕，已保存=====");

					try {

						camera = Camera.open();

						Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();

//						parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧

						parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式

						parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量

						camera.setParameters(parameters);

						camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);

						camera.startPreview();

						isPreview = true;

					} catch (Exception e) {

						e.printStackTrace();

					}

				}

				if (camera != null) {

					camera.autoFocus(null);

					camera.takePicture(null, null, new PictureCallback() {

						@Override

						public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {

							new SavePictureTask().execute(data);

							camera.startPreview();

							Log.e(tag,"=====拍照成功=====");

						}

					}); // 拍照

				}

				break;

			default:

				break;

			}

		}

	}

	/*

	 * 定时器设置，实现计时

	 */

	private Handler handler = new Handler();

	private Runnable task = new Runnable() {

		public void run() {

			if (bool) {

				handler.postDelayed(this, 1000);

				second++;

				if (second >= 60) {

					minute++;

					second = second % 60;

				}

				if (minute >= 60) {

					hour++;

					minute = minute % 60;

				}

				timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour) + ":" + FormatUtil.format(minute) + ":"

						+ FormatUtil.format(second));

			}

		}

	};

	class SavePictureTask extends AsyncTask<byte[], String, String> {

		@Override

		protected String doInBackground(byte[]... params) {

			String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()

					.getAbsolutePath() + "/mahc/image";

			File out = new File(path);

			if (!out.exists()) {

				out.mkdirs();

			}

			File picture = new File(path+"/"+new Date().getTime()+".jpg");

			try {

				FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(picture.getPath());

				fos.write(params[0]);

				fos.close();

			} catch (Exception e) {

				e.printStackTrace();

			}

			Log.e(tag, "=====照片保存完毕=====");

			CameraActivity.this.finish();

			return null;

		}

	}

}

第三步：该项目须要一个工具类FormatUtil.java

import java.io.File;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.Date;

import android.os.Environment;

public class FormatUtil {

	/**

	 * 将缓存目录的数据转存到vedio文件下

	 * @param recAudioFile

	 */

	public static void videoRename(File recAudioFile) {

		String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()

				.getAbsolutePath()+ "/mahc/video/"+ "0" + "/";

		String fileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss")

				.format(new Date()) + ".3gp";

		File out = new File(path);

		if (!out.exists()) {

			out.mkdirs();

		}

		out = new File(path, fileName);

		if (recAudioFile.exists())

			recAudioFile.renameTo(out);

	}

	/**

	 * 用以计时操作的相关方法

	 * @param num

	 * @return

	 */

	public static String format(int num){

		String s = num + "";

		if (s.length() == 1) {

			s = "0" + s;

		}

		return s;

	}

}

第四步：本项目须要处理界面的背景样式和按钮的背景，所以须要在res/drawable文件新建shape_main.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <gradient

        android:startColor="#FFCC99"

        android:endColor="#99CC66"

        android:centerColor="#0066CC"

        android:angle="45" />

</shape>

页面效果：

效果截图

Android 调用摄像头功能【拍照与视频】

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