在前面提起过字符串这个词,现在就来学习什么是字符串。
首先,字符串是python内置的数据类型,其特点是用引号引起来,并且可以是使用单引号('字符串'),双引号("字符串"),三个引号('''字符串''' 和"""字符串""")。注意,这些符号都是半角符号,且是英文的引号,也就是不能用中文输入法中的引号。
这些字符串在单独使用,且都是一行的时候,并没有任何差别,例如:
a = ''
b = ""
c = ''''''
d = """"""
还能够使用类的方式创建 str() :
a = str('')
print a
aaarticlea/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAbUAAAAzCAIAAACfVgH7AAAGJ0lEQVR4nO2cy5XrNgxAWRZLSCPDMuQKwp03STrQdrh3FdropAE3wSz04weUaFvSOJ57zztzxnoUCQIgCELyqH8BAEBC/bQAAABvCvERAECG+AgAIKP+AgAACeUBAECC+AgAIEN8BACQqY6P/U3rW//qcJ1RjVKte7UfifeX8Bxcq3bQwy5j3a1eV2ZntlVd0+YnqNXz7h61q0KO85Yz/fAwhvg4+PFFqYsyXaHl3eqrDabrzHSLupgHzPWUdfubVk08ViDzaIZUwmd5twVZY52osXGjdYzzvb3W3fikYJM5SkpbV+bdfm0uoZo25xPOfZN9Pepu9V69PTSLN+n5VJT3vrdXbe/ee+87Uw75QTM/Nh6s3t/0qvl7ewv+9wlfCVaIa6etuLOTzG7qLpOwlpclPJBK64wsm/Y8i8OmEyYI/U0rcT2cpMzYgsfe5f2jydHPe5Q803gWe+rwuJ7PRXnvw7QrkCkzanqArYyPST9P+Ep4S3p7pMQnj9ivS3gc91rrjI3zhO6g6cQJgmuVaY2QpZ6jzOdGeVq2R5OjH/eoTW8ptXm3ns9Gee/r5XAmmXZ45h0/GjdkeRel2u/xl+HfslytvSp1WXK98fg8BIKxXpO2GRpmOayNG4QSOtMo1RrTTP2cIWGEcNfV9nFBKmqT84iXRJu2EB+Xkkic942jTzpx48XyXelYg9rjc9/Qm75q1f5tr0pdtW6Ubr90M2psHm4RONNq2kaSJ7bgd2EWY51hrs8Idq/SRjz3zqjGmFapizFt2aadifww88zSWLlv5ArJ28zFqGG7EmeaWHBTG6L3nt9z6gYbq/v18PpYfPSuDSpZ+dJdDoDO5gt1/thM8xmuTynSkv3lbbwXj8/uloaVVMLGuLjnIyWMmVO/edAhgoQFtbxNQn18LG3aK4lkPnpnVKPEU8LaWGM/zkyxL9SYar99Z8YFMPwsnQZErdZk90I/hVms9CxbOTtHR3N3Zph46/rO9WtaTf1QuhKPlcuTiy36WDPlK8VTl5QCF7Sx5r0n95xQubpfIj1f+/6+2u+60qcQ5tpydr2ybteWdLD2FpxZXypCP8dJKOmqyfbAIUastwm511onrYiVIkKS1ySjl6JPlsWkYyU5ZjT69/gx/JkIuS5ztg2nGXdFDF1SkvrRC/3EebS2t/gJ9YpWH3Kk0n/lBq2xYHxRqJ9Ke8yG957bc3FS66v7JbLnM1sPOoMDbDGzUKI5XVdwCHHfjtr09jpPeKsGl0iY78CHSCgRhLYxrk375HIOzduk1FlH3LSXDG4QdX6ilc5rGV1YpdJd8Vj97WvauoZ8aunZtWrn+JjL48sWzHqOauXJXStWXtdzY2ziYLlW855rxqrPH0MfGyUUVsoy07x+WtCGX/HeM3vOqVzdL5G837N5kJkPsNMt+anQtXGiN7U03bJ1mC6qEQj1iLDNP38sG85FKrGJEg4NrlpPVYkDJZxDQExUCZoPUJ1Uf1x/s2rLOtLj1LTiJr4nFI4eFH0C/WR3ycljVJl1fsrXTGtUo/SfU4Vu/BkU3dL6daTVtE1hFqEF5VnM9dD2SzfBC2GNpI2w/hj3I+nZmdb5u3PBWKlNO2s7G/lh7JklmeXadGz63H+m3gQjyhaU2qQ9F7z3tJ7lPa9mdb/EE9+fyTPhCOnMezKzhKUE88cl3Jcz3zX7kPfanmLHuW8eHstsvU63xce883jG6t7x+4Xd8vzoPRgfdEb55ntJCL+TzDNrmMt2u3wJ4n/POaub718DAMgQHwEAZIiPAAAyxEcAABniIwCADPERAECG+AgAIEN8BACQIT4CAMgs8dGZ4M3z3mo1Mv29PKOSKwAAH43yfo59wZ/I+Zq+wuSMUubbO6OnK73VREgA+AXM+aMzS9Qr/S5fAAD4SMT4uNBbrYM/i2o4XQPAr2EtPsbBcaUhAMAHUoyPzighOEotAQA+Ejk+9lYHD2ts9HymHDgBAD6J8Pn1/Aw7+KzUGA2XaySPAPAr4P1wAAAZ4iMAgAzxEQBAhvgIACBDfAQAkCE+AgDIEB8BAGSIjwAAMsRHAAAZ4iMAgAzxEQBAhvgIACBDfAQAkCE+AgDIEB8BAGT+A/hHDym4N7uqAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" alt="" />
不过传参的时候还是要加引号,所以一般不这样创建。
上面几种写法是一种意思,另外,要注意引号引起来的都属于字符串类型,就算里面是数字或其他数据类型也一样。所以,当对字符串使用加法的时候,得到的不是数学上的相加,而是字符串的拼接。
如上所示,但一般我们不这样进行字符串的拼接,因为这里的拼接方法非常低效,浪费内存空间。例如:
a = '' + ''
此时,会在内存中创建 '' ,再创建 '' ,然后将其拼接成 '' 后又放到内存中,最后再用变量指向内存中的值。这个过程中我们额外创建了两个值,而这额外的值是我们所不需要的。如果大量拼接的话,肯定会产生大量的无用数据,不仅浪费内存,还会触发python的垃圾回收机制,而python在垃圾回收的时候,是不做其他事情的,这样我们的代码效率就会非常低。
1.字符串的拼接
除了使用+号进行拼接之外,还要2种方法可以实现拼接(其实还有一个使用+=符号的拼接方法,而且貌似效率不错,但我也是看别人的文章看到的,个人不是太清楚原理,所以就不说了)。
1.'io.StringIO',内存字符串IO拼接(从内存层面操作,用的很少,也没怎么了解过,这里不多说明)
2.str.join(),使用字符串的join()方法(str是创建字符串对象的类,到面向对象的时候会详细解释,这里看代码演示先)
a = '' #先创建一个空的字符串,按面向对象的说法叫创建对象
a.join(('abc','def')) #使用join()方法拼接字符串,而join()方法继承于父类
aaarticlea/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAANoAAAA6CAIAAABZO9AOAAACk0lEQVR4nO2bW5KsIBAF3fXd02yS+bgxNkIBBUp70MwvpyzAkAweLbMFABm2ux8A4AM6ghDr6bj9bNtP+thmEJbj04X/NqM7/cFvYpqHjg/g0IVLGImLDybtxSWMhKdySj6PkdsfnhxPMjwYu+OvMjIWC8mgyfTRMTgGSEZH+M/0tePuFpJBk7k7ayZr6GL6747MwuAHP0AIdAQh0BGEeIuO5rL1s+ufcALDX+fXWq+/BAXkjlA4307XS/R0g0eIXm/8yZVMZ6N5mv1xX9vI9Y5QDNDsg0u8mZfpT8gv0syFdAxPNPLaDrjl6NB5Xw/JwkZKHKGoZObBUiS+SGow22o+T/ibAePO3iP5zGjGz2DWmUTiHO9SdS0dw61HKEpFck2TP0tfI4fffiJBb/AkXQ0xOhaDRhs9n2SGdXRmVoL282SjUXwrD15FqaHSkNlR80I63n6EQkrH+hbhFh2bye2aV9HxO0co6iPl5TqakVLwkDBhsu6YJeZM1souhnDHEQq/jnHxZoX5danOSjDNySbH5lamXWf/OsHcu5hpY60r6ijCpFcj0g33drzIS6ig8ihd2x14KnQ/CBGvyYLa2CT4SDCVZMnvKDCkiLNUnoaOr+IwOnrLDCnSLLUn5BfwEkY6fLaO8Fo8v1Slc+geySdWZ3ISiXOQ8s20vkxsxvWMYGB0BOdknQ9m8a08mN9NMktDJrwc12RduigF87vNzEoc3gOTNQjRsZXZ59bmVqZe3MxkKwOBj4QgBTqCELN05HgODICOIMSs0+DoCAMcjLnQSHSEAVJjLvwPa3SEXk7JVzESHWEA25jzRqIjDMDoCEKwdgQh2FmDEPzuCELwVQaEQEcQAmNACHQEIdARhEBHEOIXrhmj9WR1/A4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=" alt="" />
这里加入了从面向对象的解释,如果看不懂,可以在学完面向对象后回来,我当时学的时候也是一脸懵逼,但学完面向对象之后,我才有一种顿悟的感觉,以后我会分享我对面向对象的一些理解。
总结一下其的用法:
1.先要有一个字符串的对象,该对象由str这个python的内置类创建,否则没有 join() 存在。
2.语法格式是 str.join(sequence) ,其中sequence代表一个序列,在Python中有六种内建的序列:列表、元组、字符串、Unicode字符串、buffer对象和xrange对象(后面会有总结)。
也就是说除了像示例那样传一个元祖之外,还能传字符串,那么是否可以这样写呢:
b = ''
b.join('','')
答案是不可以,会出现报错,报错信息如下:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
具体意思是,函数只要一个数据,我们却给了两个,所以报错了。
也就是说当我们这样写的时候,其实是传了两个序列进去,一个字符串就是一个序列。
那么,如果我们只传一个字符串呢?
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
好像没有问题,那当b不是空的时候呢?
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
这和我们想象的不一样,并不是直接拼接在最后面。很明显这不是我们想要的(坑爹啊这是),如果传的是元祖呢?
(注意,join()并没有改变b的值,只是返回了一个新对象,关于返回值会在函数中讲)
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
嗯,也是个大坑。
看来是在传入的序列后,按照索引逐一取出的值,在这些值之间插入原来的字符串。
教练,这个和说好的不一样啊!
其实我们有更好的方法,那就是字符串的格式化。
2.字符串的格式化
字符串格式化的原理是,我先在里面占着一个坑,但我暂时不填这个坑,等到要用的时候,在把要填的东西扔进去。
先看代码示例:
name = 'scolia'
a = '%s是一个帅哥' %name
print a
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
scolia使用了字符串格式化,效果拔群,scolia得到了‘帅哥’称号。
里面的 %s 就是所说的坑,而外面的 %name 就是我们要想要填入的东西,当然一般我们用变量来储存这个值,如果配合用户交互来动态改变name的值的话,那么人人都能是‘帅哥’了。
但这样我们还不满足,如果用户是女的呢?还用帅哥就不合适了吧。这个时候,我们可以多占几个坑。
name = 'scolia'
how = '帅哥'
a = '%s是一个%s' %(name,how)
print a
结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
没问题,多占几个坑也可以,不过写法上有点变化(改成了元祖的形式,元祖的详细以后会讲),这个时候就可以想怎么改就怎么改了(要美女自己写)。
理论上用几个占位符都可以,只要有对应的变量就可以(变量和占位符数量不对应是会报错的),而且是按顺序来取代里面的占位符的。
但如果我们不想按顺序来传呢?可以这样写:
a = '%(name)s是一个%(how)s' %{'how':'帅哥','name':'scolia'}
结果和上面的一样,用字典的方式传值,然后里面用字典的key去获取,关于字典的详细以后会讲。
此时,有些人就会问了 %s 中的s是什么意思(你就当有人这样问,别吐槽),这里的s代表我将要用字符串来填这个坑,类似的,我们还可以有以下的写法:
格式 | 说明 |
%s | 字符串(str()形成的) |
%r | 字符串(repr()形式的) |
%d/%i | 有符号整数(十进制) |
%u | 无符号整数(十进制) |
%o | 无符号整数(八进制) |
%x | 无符号整数(十六进制) |
%X | 无符号整数(十六进制大写字符) |
%e | 浮点数字(科学计数法) |
%E | 浮点数字(科学计数法,用E代替e) |
%f/%F | 浮点数字(用小数点符号) |
%g | 浮点数字(根据值的大小采用%e或%f) |
%G | 浮点数字(类似于%g) |
%p | 指针(用十六进制打印值的内存地址) |
%n | 存储输出字符的数量放进参数列表的下一个变量中 |
%c | 转换成字符(ASCII 码值,或者长度为一的字符串) |
%% | 字符‘%’ |
这个表是我从网上找的,里面有那……么多类型,是不是我用什么去替换,就要用什么占位符呀,这么多这么记得住?
很多情况下一个 %s 就已经足够了,因为使用这个标记时,会将传入的数据先用 str() 方法转换为字符串,而python的所有数据类型都能转换成字符串(别人是这样写的),而最终要输出的结果又是字符串(不然怎么叫字符串的格式化)。
所以,占位符的格式可以总结为:
%[(name)][flags][width].[precision]typecode
[]代表可选,以后都是这样表示。
(name):用字典的key传值,上面有提到
typecode:数据类型,也就上面表的那些,一般%s就足够了,当然有需要可以用其他的。
flags:可以有+,-,' '或0。+表示右对齐。-表示左对齐。' '为一个空格,0表示使用0填充。
width:表示显示宽度,在设置了宽度后,上面的各种对齐,填充才有效果。
这些对齐,填充,宽度是什么意思?首先,我有一个字符串'scolia',长度为6,可我硬要用10个字符的长度去显示怎么办,那是不是会多出4个位置,这4个位置怎 么办,是不是可以用空格或者0去填充。但这4个多出来的长度的位置是不是不确定的,那我可以先让原来的字符去占住位置,就是所谓的对齐,对齐后剩下的位置才是 填充的位置。
precision:表示小数点后精度,配合浮点数使用。
当然,字符串的格式化还有其他方法,这里这就不继续深入了。
3.引号的嵌套
在开始的时候说过,当几种引号单独使用,且只有一行的时候,效果都一样。但是当其嵌套使用的时候,就要注意一些问题,看下面的示例:
a = 'scolia说:'我要说一句话'' #错误写法
这个时候,就会造成混乱了,就像这里的颜色标识一样,把前面的一段的当成是字符串了,而后面那段又不符合语法,肯定是会报错的。
所以,这个时候就要这么写了
a = 'scolia说:\'我要说一句话\''
print a
其中,\ 是转义符号,这里将有意义的引号(')转换成普通的符号,被转义后就失去了引起字符串的含义了。
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
结果也是我们想要的,但是每次都有进行转义实在太麻烦了,此时,我们可以这么做
a = "scolia说:'我要说一句话'"
print a
在外围使用双引号,在里使用单引号,这样里面的单引号就不会被解释成要创建字符串了。
当然倒过来也是可以的:
a = 'scolia说:"我要说一句话"'
print a
结果也是一样。
但是,有时候我们有这样的需求:
a = 'scolia说:"我要说一句话,这句话很长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长"'
print a
其结果是这样的:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
但这句话太长了,我要进行换行这么办?
那就要这么写:
a = 'scolia说:"我要说一句话,这句话很长长长长长长长长长长\n长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长"'
print a
其结果是这样的:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
其中,\n 的意思就是换行符(当然这里的 \ 也转义符,只不过是将原来没意义的字符变成有意义),到了这里就会换行,另外还要很多特殊字符,这里不逐一列举了。
但是每次换行的时候都要用 \n 实在太麻烦了,我写的时候自己换行不行吗?
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
很显然我的IDE用了红色波浪线表示这是个语法错误。
那我这样写
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
\ 符号表示我这行代码写不下了,我要换行再写(这个符号和linux命令中的一样),其结果是:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
嗯……多了几个空格,那我再改改:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
运行一下:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
很好,空格是没了,然而,并没有什么卵用。
不甘心啊,难道就没有解决方法了吗?此时,三个引号表示:孩子,你还太年轻。
a = '''scolia说:"我要说一句话,这句话很长长长长长长长长长长
长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长长"'''
print a
还是要注意单双引号的嵌套问题。
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
一看运行结果,竟然成了,这可真魔法。
这时,又有机智的人表示,三个引号不是注释的多行写法吗?为什么这里又能作为创建字符串的特殊符号,这样好混乱呀!
其实分辨三个引号里面写的到底是注释还是字符串有一个绝佳的方法,就是看它前面有没有赋值给某个变量,看那标准的赋值符号(=)。如果有赋值,那就是创建了字符串对象,没有,那就是注释了。
真是机智如我,这都被我发现了
好了,关于引号的问题就先讲到这里。
4.字符串的序列特性
都说字符串也是序列了,那么就可以用序列的方法去处理它了。
所有序列类型都可以进行某些特定的操作。这些操作包括:索引(indexing)、分片(sliceing)、加(adding)、乘 (multiplying)以及检查某个元素是否属于序列的成员(成员资格)。除此之外,Python还有计算序列长度、找出最大元素和最小元素的内建函数。
关于序列,以后会另起一篇进行说明,着急的话可以看看别人怎么写的先,或者你看我更新了后面的内容了没。
5.字符串的不可修改的
字符串是无法修改的,一旦从内存中生成,就无法改动它,任何试图改变它的操作,例如:
a = 'scolia'
#我突然想将第一个s大写
a[0] = 'S' #用索引的方法修改
其结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
很明显不能,那我这样写呢?
a = 'scolia'
a = 'Scolia'
其实这样是等于重新赋值了,关于变量的赋值是怎么样的,可以看我之前的文章。
实际上原来的值还在内存之中,只不过改变的a变量的引用,让其指向新的值,而旧的值并没有改变,只是在内存中等待python的垃圾回收。
关于可修改和不可修改的数据类型,我后面也会有一个总结。
5.字符串的内建方法
这些方法又是一堆,有些人可能会死记硬背,但是我建议在学会了面向对象后再来回顾这些内容,到时候会有一种顿悟的感觉。
关于内建方法的总结又要另起一篇说明了,因为写到这里实在太长长长长了。
突然之间觉得自己好像挖了很多的坑,现在容我先休息一下……