Ubuntu 16.04 通过 CMake 编译 Grpc C++ 项目

注:参考代码取自 grpc 源码目录下的 examples\cpp\helloworld

 

1. 安装 protoc 工具

  • 下载 Grpc_v1.43.0_SetupFile.zip 文件,解压到任意目录
    下载链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1HYjfQb8CQY56QF2iAGmBNw 
    提取码:grg0

  • 将解压后的 Grpc_v1.43.0_SetupFile/bin 中 的 protoc(文本文件,记录了版本信息)重命名为 protoc.version,然后将 protoc-3.18.1.0(可执行程序)拷贝一下并重命名为 protoc
    注:原 protoc-3.18.1.0 文件也是需要用的,不能直接重命名。

  • 将 protoc 拷贝安装到 /usr/local/bin
    在 Grpc_v1.43.0_SetupFile 目录打开终端,执行命令如下:
    chmod +x bin/*
    sudo cp -r . /usr/local/

     

2. 通过 protoc 生成 c++ 代码

  • 新建空文件夹 grpc_cpp_demo,在文件夹中创建 helloworld.proto 文件,示例如下:
    Ubuntu 16.04 通过 CMake 编译 Grpc C++ 项目
    // Copyright 2015 gRPC authors.
    //
    // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
    // You may obtain a copy of the License at
    //
    //     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    //
    // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    // limitations under the License.
    
    syntax = "proto3";
    
    option java_multiple_files = true;
    option java_package = "io.grpc.examples.helloworld";
    option java_outer_classname = "HelloWorldProto";
    option objc_class_prefix = "HLW";
    
    package helloworld;
    
    // The greeting service definition.
    service Greeter {
      // Sends a greeting
      rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
    }
    
    // The request message containing the user's name.
    message HelloRequest {
      string name = 1;
    }
    
    // The response message containing the greetings
    message HelloReply {
      string message = 1;
    }
    View Code

     

  • 生成 Protobuf 消息
    protoc --cpp_out=./ helloworld.proto

     

  • 生成 grpc 客户端和服务器
    protoc --grpc_out=./ --plugin=protoc-gen-grpc=grpc_cpp_plugin helloworld.proto

     

3. 编写客户端/服务器实现自定义业务逻辑

  • 新建文件 greeter_server.cc 来编写服务器端相关代码,示例文件如下:
    Ubuntu 16.04 通过 CMake 编译 Grpc C++ 项目
    /*
     *
     * Copyright 2015 gRPC authors.
     *
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
     *
     *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
     *
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     * limitations under the License.
     *
     */
    
    #include <iostream>
    #include <memory>
    #include <string>
    
    #include <grpcpp/grpcpp.h>
    #include <grpcpp/health_check_service_interface.h>
    #include <grpcpp/ext/proto_server_reflection_plugin.h>
    
    #ifdef BAZEL_BUILD
    #include "examples/protos/helloworld.grpc.pb.h"
    #else
    #include "helloworld.grpc.pb.h"
    #endif
    
    using grpc::Server;
    using grpc::ServerBuilder;
    using grpc::ServerContext;
    using grpc::Status;
    using helloworld::HelloRequest;
    using helloworld::HelloReply;
    using helloworld::Greeter;
    
    // Logic and data behind the server's behavior.
    class GreeterServiceImpl final : public Greeter::Service {
      Status SayHello(ServerContext* context, const HelloRequest* request,
                      HelloReply* reply) override {
        std::string prefix("Hello ");
        reply->set_message(prefix + request->name());
        return Status::OK;
      }
    };
    
    void RunServer() {
      std::string server_address("0.0.0.0:50051");
      GreeterServiceImpl service;
    
      grpc::EnableDefaultHealthCheckService(true);
      grpc::reflection::InitProtoReflectionServerBuilderPlugin();
      ServerBuilder builder;
      // Listen on the given address without any authentication mechanism.
      builder.AddListeningPort(server_address, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials());
      // Register "service" as the instance through which we'll communicate with
      // clients. In this case it corresponds to an *synchronous* service.
      builder.RegisterService(&service);
      // Finally assemble the server.
      std::unique_ptr<Server> server(builder.BuildAndStart());
      std::cout << "Server listening on " << server_address << std::endl;
    
      // Wait for the server to shutdown. Note that some other thread must be
      // responsible for shutting down the server for this call to ever return.
      server->Wait();
    }
    
    int main(int argc, char** argv) {
      RunServer();
    
      return 0;
    }
    View Code

     

  • 新建文件 greeter_client.cc 来编写客户端相关代码,示例文件如下:
    Ubuntu 16.04 通过 CMake 编译 Grpc C++ 项目
    /*
     *
     * Copyright 2015 gRPC authors.
     *
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
     *
     *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
     *
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     * limitations under the License.
     *
     */
    
    #include <iostream>
    #include <memory>
    #include <string>
    
    #include <grpcpp/grpcpp.h>
    
    #ifdef BAZEL_BUILD
    #include "examples/protos/helloworld.grpc.pb.h"
    #else
    #include "helloworld.grpc.pb.h"
    #endif
    
    using grpc::Channel;
    using grpc::ClientContext;
    using grpc::Status;
    using helloworld::HelloRequest;
    using helloworld::HelloReply;
    using helloworld::Greeter;
    
    class GreeterClient {
     public:
      GreeterClient(std::shared_ptr<Channel> channel)
          : stub_(Greeter::NewStub(channel)) {}
    
      // Assembles the client's payload, sends it and presents the response back
      // from the server.
      std::string SayHello(const std::string& user) {
        // Data we are sending to the server.
        HelloRequest request;
        request.set_name(user);
    
        // Container for the data we expect from the server.
        HelloReply reply;
    
        // Context for the client. It could be used to convey extra information to
        // the server and/or tweak certain RPC behaviors.
        ClientContext context;
    
        // The actual RPC.
        Status status = stub_->SayHello(&context, request, &reply);
    
        // Act upon its status.
        if (status.ok()) {
          return reply.message();
        } else {
          std::cout << status.error_code() << ": " << status.error_message()
                    << std::endl;
          return "RPC failed";
        }
      }
    
     private:
      std::unique_ptr<Greeter::Stub> stub_;
    };
    
    int main(int argc, char** argv) {
      // Instantiate the client. It requires a channel, out of which the actual RPCs
      // are created. This channel models a connection to an endpoint specified by
      // the argument "--target=" which is the only expected argument.
      // We indicate that the channel isn't authenticated (use of
      // InsecureChannelCredentials()).
      std::string target_str;
      std::string arg_str("--target");
      if (argc > 1) {
        std::string arg_val = argv[1];
        size_t start_pos = arg_val.find(arg_str);
        if (start_pos != std::string::npos) {
          start_pos += arg_str.size();
          if (arg_val[start_pos] == '=') {
            target_str = arg_val.substr(start_pos + 1);
          } else {
            std::cout << "The only correct argument syntax is --target=" << std::endl;
            return 0;
          }
        } else {
          std::cout << "The only acceptable argument is --target=" << std::endl;
          return 0;
        }
      } else {
        target_str = "localhost:50051";
      }
      GreeterClient greeter(grpc::CreateChannel(
          target_str, grpc::InsecureChannelCredentials()));
      std::string user("world");
      std::string reply = greeter.SayHello(user);
      std::cout << "Greeter received: " << reply << std::endl;
    
      return 0;
    }
    View Code

      

4. 通过 CMake 编译项目

  • 编写 CMakeLists.txt,示例如下:
    Ubuntu 16.04 通过 CMake 编译 Grpc C++ 项目
    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
    
    project(grpc_cpp_demo LANGUAGES CXX)
    
    set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
    set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
    
    #添加 Protobuf 和 gRPC 三方库
    find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
    find_package(Protobuf CONFIG REQUIRED)
    find_package(gRPC CONFIG REQUIRED)
    
    set(_GRPC_GRPCPP gRPC::grpc++)
    set(_GRPC_REFLECTION gRPC::grpc++_reflection)
    set(_PROTOBUF_LIBPROTOBUF protobuf::libprotobuf)
    
    message(STATUS "Using gRPC ${gRPC_VERSION}")
    message(STATUS "Using protobuf ${Protobuf_VERSION}")
    
    #生成可执行文件
    foreach(_target greeter_client greeter_server)
       add_executable(${_target}
          ${_target}.cc
          helloworld.grpc.pb.cc
          helloworld.grpc.pb.h
          helloworld.pb.cc
          helloworld.pb.h)
    
       target_link_libraries(${_target}    
          ${_GRPC_GRPCPP}
          ${_GRPC_REFLECTION}
          ${_PROTOBUF_LIBPROTOBUF})
    endforeach()
    View Code

     

  • 编译项目
    mkdir -p cmake/build
    pushd cmake/build
    cmake  ../..
    make -j
    popd

     

5. 运行项目

  • 在目录 grpc_cpp_demo/cmake/build 打开 2 个终端,分别运行如下命令
    ./greeter_server
    ./greeter_client 
  • 执行结果如下图所示:

     

 

  

 

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