Spring提供了一套管理项目中的事务的机制
以前写过一篇简单的介绍事务的随笔:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/p/8430214.html
还有一篇Hibernate的事务管理:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/p/8449167.html
可以做个对比
Spring管理事务特有的属性:
事务传播行为:事务传播行为(propagation behavior)指的就是当一个事务方法被另一个事务方法调用时,这个事务方法应该如何进行。
例如:methodA事务方法调用methodB事务方法时,methodB是继续在调用者methodA的事务中运行呢,还是为自己开启一个新事务运行,这就是由methodB的事务传播行为决定的。
1、PROPAGATION_REQUIRED:如果当前没有事务,就创建一个新事务,如果当前存在事务,就加入该事务,该设置是最常用的设置。
2、PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS:支持当前事务,如果当前存在事务,就加入该事务,如果当前不存在事务,就以非事务执行。‘
3、PROPAGATION_MANDATORY:支持当前事务,如果当前存在事务,就加入该事务,如果当前不存在事务,就抛出异常。
4、PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW:创建新事务,无论当前存不存在事务,都创建新事务。
5、PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED:以非事务方式执行操作,如果当前存在事务,就把当前事务挂起。
6、PROPAGATION_NEVER:以非事务方式执行,如果当前存在事务,则抛出异常。
7、PROPAGATION_NESTED:如果当前存在事务,则在嵌套事务内执行。如果当前没有事务,则执行与PROPAGATION_REQUIRED类似的操作
接下来演示事务案例:简单模拟转账
需要的包:
新建一张表,放入数据:
package dao; public interface AccountDao { //加钱
void increaseMoney(Integer id,Double money);
//减钱
void decreaseMoney(Integer id,Double money);
}
package dao; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao { @Override
public void increaseMoney(Integer id, Double money) { getJdbcTemplate().update("update t_account set money = money+? where id = ? ", money,id); } @Override
public void decreaseMoney(Integer id, Double money) { getJdbcTemplate().update("update t_account set money = money-? where id = ? ", money,id);
} }
package service; public interface AccountService { //转账方法
void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money); }
package service; import dao.AccountDao; public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao ad; @Override
public void transfer(final Integer from, final Integer to, final Double money) {
// 减钱
ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
// 加钱
ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
} public void setAd(AccountDao ad) {
this.ad = ad;
} }
package tx; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import service.AccountService; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Demo {
@Resource(name="accountService")
private AccountService as; @Test
public void fun1(){ as.transfer(1, 2, 100d); }
}
配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd "> <!-- 指定spring读取db.properties配置 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> <!-- 事务核心管理器,封装了所有事务操作. 依赖于连接池 -->
<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 以方法为单位,指定方法应用什么事务属性
isolation:隔离级别
propagation:传播行为
read-only:是否只读
其他方法的配置没有用到,但它们通常是统一配置
-->
<tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice> <!-- 配置织入 -->
<aop:config >
<!-- 配置切点表达式 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* service.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
<!-- 配置切面 : 通知+切点
advice-ref:通知的名称
pointcut-ref:切点的名称
-->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
</aop:config> <!-- 1.将连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
</bean> <!-- 2.Dao-->
<bean name="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImpl" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 3.Service-->
<bean name="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImpl" >
<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
</bean> </beans>
db.properties
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///mybase
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=xuyiqing
运行Demo后结果:
转账成功!
补充:
可以采用注解方式代替XML配置文件:
配置文件只要一行即可:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd "> <!-- 指定spring读取db.properties配置 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> <!-- 事务核心管理器,封装了所有事务操作. 依赖于连接池 -->
<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务模板对象 -->
<bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate" >
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" ></property>
</bean> <!-- 开启使用注解管理aop事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven/> <!-- 1.将连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
</bean> <!-- 2.Dao-->
<bean name="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImpl" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 3.Service-->
<bean name="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImpl" >
<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
</bean> </beans>
package service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import dao.AccountDao; @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = true)
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao ad; @Override
@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
public void transfer(final Integer from, final Integer to, final Double money) {
// 减钱
ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
// 加钱
ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
} public void setAd(AccountDao ad) {
this.ad = ad;
} }
测试后同样成功!
Spring框架的学习就到这里