我的要求很简单：
>能够定义位数组的维数,即：5个字节.
> bool Get(bitIndex：int)
> Set(bitIndex：int)
是否有一个c#等价物,它提供与Java中的BitSet类似的功能？
这是场景：
>初始化5个字节,所有位都为0(假).
>将字节3,位8设置为TRUE.
>获取字节3的位8,位8.
更新：Michael Bray的解决方案：
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Set for 5 bytes
BitArray ba = new BitArray(8 * 5);
// Set bit #1 on byte #4
ba.Set(GetBitNum(4, 1), true);
// Get bit #1 on byte #4
bool v = ba.Get(GetBitNum(4, 1));
}
static int GetBitNum(int byteNum, int bitNum) // Assumes index starts at 1
{
return (byteNum - 1) * 8 + (bitNum - 1);
}
解决方法:
System.Collections.BitArray非常接近,但它的功能有点缺乏.我写了一个辅助类,它实现了很久以前BitArray可能需要的许多功能,但是我必须把它挖出来.如果您认为自己需要,请告诉我.
编辑：根据下面的评论中的要求,我已经在http://pastebin.com/GLyzcUZC发布了代码.但是,正如我所讨论的那样,它比库存BitArray的好处是最小的,因为我为了某些特定需求而写了它.随心所欲.
编辑2：正如Miguel在评论中指出的那样,有一些实现问题使得我的’BitArray’代码不那么好……我已经意识到了这些缺陷并重新编写了一个名为BoolArray的新版本(以区别于BitArray) )没有遭受这些问题：
namespace Utils
{
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
/// <summary>
/// A replacement for BitArray
/// </summary>
public class BoolArray : IEnumerable, ICollection, ICloneable
{
private UInt32[] bits = null;
private int _length = 0;
private static UInt32 ONE = (UInt32)1 << 31;
private object _syncRoot;
private static Func<byte[], byte[]> EndianFixer = null;
#region Constructors
static BoolArray()
{
if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian) EndianFixer = (a) => a.Reverse().ToArray();
else EndianFixer = (a) => a;
}
public BoolArray(BoolArray srcBits)
{
this.InitializeFrom(srcBits.ToArray());
}
public BoolArray(BitArray srcBits)
{
this._length = srcBits.Count;
this.bits = new UInt32[RequiredSize(this._length)];
for (int i = 0; i < srcBits.Count; i++) this[i] = srcBits[i];
}
public BoolArray(int v)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v)).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<bool> srcBits)
{
this.InitializeFrom(srcBits.ToArray());
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<byte> srcBits)
{
InitializeFrom(srcBits);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<short> srcBits)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = srcBits.SelectMany(v => EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v))).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<ushort> srcBits)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = srcBits.SelectMany(v => EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v))).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<int> srcBits)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = srcBits.SelectMany(v => EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v))).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<uint> srcBits)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = srcBits.SelectMany(v => EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v))).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<long> srcBits)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = srcBits.SelectMany(v => EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v))).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(ICollection<ulong> srcBits)
{
ICollection<byte> bytes = srcBits.SelectMany(v => EndianFixer(BitConverter.GetBytes(v))).ToList();
InitializeFrom(bytes);
}
public BoolArray(int capacity, bool defaultValue = false)
{
this.bits = new UInt32[RequiredSize(capacity)];
this._length = capacity;
// Only need to do this if true, because default for all bits is false
if (defaultValue) for (int i = 0; i < this._length; i++) this[i] = true;
}
private void InitializeFrom(ICollection<byte> srcBits)
{
this._length = srcBits.Count * 8;
this.bits = new UInt32[RequiredSize(this._length)];
for (int i = 0; i < srcBits.Count; i++)
{
uint bv = srcBits.Skip(i).Take(1).Single();
for (int b = 0; b < 8; b++)
{
bool bitVal = ((bv << b) & 0x0080) != 0;
int bi = 8 * i + b;
this[bi] = bitVal;
}
}
}
private void InitializeFrom(ICollection<bool> srcBits)
{
this._length = srcBits.Count;
this.bits = new UInt32[RequiredSize(this._length)];
int index = 0;
foreach (var b in srcBits) this[index++] = b;
}
private static int RequiredSize(int bitCapacity)
{
return (bitCapacity + 31) >> 5;
}
#endregion
public bool this[int index]
{
get
{
if (index >= _length) throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
int byteIndex = index >> 5;
int bitIndex = index & 0x1f;
return ((bits[byteIndex] << bitIndex) & ONE) != 0;
}
set
{
if (index >= _length) throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
int byteIndex = index >> 5;
int bitIndex = index & 0x1f;
if (value) bits[byteIndex] |= (ONE >> bitIndex);
else bits[byteIndex] &= ~(ONE >> bitIndex);
}
}
#region Interfaces implementation
#region IEnumerable
public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()
{
//for (int i = 0; i < _length; i++) yield return this[i];
return this.ToArray().GetEnumerator();
}
#endregion
#region ICollection
public void CopyTo(Array array, int index)
{
if (array == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("array");
if (index < 0) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("index");
if (array.Rank != 1) throw new ArgumentException("Multidimensional array not supported");
if (array is UInt32[]) Array.Copy(this.bits, 0, array, index, (this.Count + sizeof(UInt32) - 1) / sizeof(UInt32));
else if (array is bool[]) Array.Copy(this.ToArray(), 0, array, index, this.Count);
else throw new ArgumentException("Array type not supported (UInt32[] or bool[] only)");
}
public int Count
{
get { return this._length; }
private set
{
if (value > this._length) Extend(value - this._length);
else this._length = Math.Max(0, value);
}
}
public bool IsSynchronized
{
get { return false; }
}
public object SyncRoot
{
get
{
if (this._syncRoot == null) Interlocked.CompareExchange<object>(ref this._syncRoot, new object(), null);
return _syncRoot;
}
}
#endregion
#region ICloneable
public object Clone()
{
return new BoolArray(this);
}
// Not part of ICloneable, but better - returns a strongly-typed result
public BoolArray Dup()
{
return new BoolArray(this);
}
#endregion
#endregion
#region String Conversions
public override string ToString()
{
return ToBinaryString();
//return ToHexString(" ", " ■ ");
}
public static BoolArray FromHexString(string hex)
{
if (hex == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("hex");
List<bool> bits = new List<bool>();
for (int i = 0; i < hex.Length; i++)
{
int b = byte.Parse(hex[i].ToString(), NumberStyles.HexNumber);
bits.Add((b >> 3) == 1);
bits.Add(((b & 0x7) >> 2) == 1);
bits.Add(((b & 0x3) >> 1) == 1);
bits.Add((b & 0x1) == 1);
}
BoolArray ba = new BoolArray(bits.ToArray());
return ba;
}
public string ToHexString(string bitSep8 = null, string bitSep128 = null)
{
string s = string.Empty;
int b = 0;
bool[] bbits = this.ToArray();
for (int i = 1; i <= bbits.Length; i++)
{
b = (b << 1) | (bbits[i - 1] ? 1 : 0);
if (i % 4 == 0)
{
s = s + string.Format("{0:x}", b);
b = 0;
}
if (i % (8 * 16) == 0)
{
s = s + bitSep128;
}
else if (i % 8 == 0)
{
s = s + bitSep8;
}
}
int ebits = bbits.Length % 4;
if (ebits != 0)
{
b = b << (4 - ebits);
s = s + string.Format("{0:x}", b);
}
return s;
}
public static BoolArray FromBinaryString(string bin, char[] trueChars = null)
{
if (trueChars == null) trueChars = new char[] { '1', 'Y', 'y', 'T', 't' };
if (bin == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("bin");
BoolArray ba = new BoolArray(bin.Length);
for (int i = 0; i < bin.Length; i++) ba[i] = bin[i].In(trueChars);
return ba;
}
public string ToBinaryString(char setChar = '1', char unsetChar = '0')
{
return new string(this.ToArray().Select(v => v ? setChar : unsetChar).ToArray());
}
#endregion
#region Class Methods
public bool[] ToArray()
{
bool[] vbits = new bool[this._length];
for (int i = 0; i < _length; i++) vbits[i] = this[i];
return vbits;
}
public BoolArray Append(ICollection<bool> addBits)
{
int startPos = this._length;
Extend(addBits.Count);
bool[] bitArray = addBits.ToArray();
for (int i = 0; i < bitArray.Length; i++) this[i + startPos] = bitArray[i];
return this;
}
public BoolArray Append(BoolArray addBits)
{
return this.Append(addBits.ToArray());
}
public static BoolArray Concatenate(params BoolArray[] bArrays)
{
return new BoolArray(bArrays.SelectMany(ba => ba.ToArray()).ToArray());
}
private void Extend(int numBits)
{
numBits += this._length;
int reqBytes = RequiredSize(numBits);
if (reqBytes > this.bits.Length)
{
UInt32[] newBits = new UInt32[reqBytes];
this.bits.CopyTo(newBits, 0);
this.bits = newBits;
}
this._length = numBits;
}
public bool Get(int index)
{
return this[index];
}
public BoolArray GetBits(int startBit = 0, int numBits = -1)
{
if (numBits == -1) numBits = bits.Length;
return new BoolArray(this.ToArray().Skip(startBit).Take(numBits).ToArray());
}
public BoolArray Repeat(int numReps)
{
bool[] oBits = this.ToArray();
List<bool> nBits = new List<bool>();
for(int i=0; i<numReps; i++) nBits.AddRange(oBits);
this.InitializeFrom(nBits);
return this;
}
public BoolArray Reverse()
{
int n = this.Count;
for(int i=0; i<n/2; i++)
{
bool b1 = this[i];
this[i] = this[n - i - 1];
this[n - i - 1] = b1;
}
return this;
}
public BoolArray Set(int index, bool v)
{
this[index] = v;
return this;
}
public BoolArray SetAll(bool v)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this.Count; i++) this[i] = v;
return this;
}
public BoolArray SetBits(ICollection<bool> setBits, int destStartBit = 0, int srcStartBit = 0, int numBits = -1, bool allowExtend = false)
{
if (setBits == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("setBits");
if ((destStartBit < 0) || (destStartBit >= this.Count)) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("destStartBit");
if ((srcStartBit < 0) || (srcStartBit >= setBits.Count)) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("srcStartBit");
bool[] sBits;
if (setBits is bool[]) sBits = (bool[])setBits;
else sBits = setBits.ToArray();
if (numBits == -1) numBits = setBits.Count;
if (numBits > (setBits.Count - srcStartBit)) numBits = setBits.Count - srcStartBit;
int diffSize = numBits - (this.Count - destStartBit);
if (diffSize > 0)
{
if (allowExtend) Extend(diffSize);
else numBits = this.Count - destStartBit;
}
for (int i = 0; i < numBits; i++) this[destStartBit + i] = sBits[srcStartBit + i];
return this;
}
public List<BoolArray> SplitEvery(int numBits)
{
int i = 0;
List<BoolArray> bitSplits = new List<BoolArray>();
while (i < this.Count)
{
bitSplits.Add(this.GetBits(i, numBits));
i += numBits;
}
return bitSplits;
}
public byte[] ToBytes(int startBit = 0, int numBits = -1)
{
if (numBits == -1) numBits = this._length - startBit;
BoolArray ba = GetBits(startBit, numBits);
int nb = (numBits + 7) / 8;
byte[] bb = new byte[nb];
for (int i = 0; i < ba.Count; i++)
{
if (!ba[i]) continue;
int bp = 7 - (i % 8);
bb[i / 8] = (byte)((int)bb[i / 8] | (1 << bp));
}
return bb;
}
#endregion
#region Logical Bitwise Operations
public BoolArray BinaryBitwiseOp(Func<bool, bool, bool> op, BoolArray ba, int start = 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ba.Count; i++)
{
if (start + i >= this.Count) break;
this[start + i] = op(this[start + i], ba[i]);
}
return this;
}
public BoolArray Xor(BoolArray xor, int start = 0)
{
return BinaryBitwiseOp((a, b) => (a ^ b), xor, start);
}
public BoolArray And(BoolArray and, int start = 0)
{
return BinaryBitwiseOp((a, b) => (a & b), and, start);
}
public BoolArray Or(BoolArray or, int start = 0)
{
return BinaryBitwiseOp((a, b) => (a | b), or, start);
}
public BoolArray Not(int start = 0, int len = -1)
{
for (int i = start; i < this.Count; i++)
{
if (--len == -1) break;
this[i] = !this[i];
}
return this;
}
#endregion
#region Class Operators
public static BoolArray operator +(BoolArray a, BoolArray b)
{
return a.Dup().Append(b);
}
public static BoolArray operator |(BoolArray a, BoolArray b)
{
return a.Dup().Or(b);
}
public static BoolArray operator &(BoolArray a, BoolArray b)
{
return a.Dup().And(b);
}
public static BoolArray operator ^(BoolArray a, BoolArray b)
{
return a.Dup().Xor(b);
}
public static BoolArray operator ~(BoolArray a)
{
return a.Dup().Not();
}
public static BoolArray operator <<(BoolArray a, int shift)
{
return a.Dup().Append(new bool[shift]);
}
public static BoolArray operator >>(BoolArray a, int shift)
{
return new BoolArray(a.ToArray().Take(Math.Max(0, a.Count - shift)).ToArray());
}
public static bool operator ==(BoolArray a, BoolArray b)
{
if (a.Count != b.Count) return false;
for (int i = 0; i < a.Count; i++) if (a[i] != b[i]) return false;
return true;
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (!(obj is BoolArray)) return false;
return (this == (BoolArray)obj);
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return this.ToHexString().GetHashCode();
}
public static bool operator !=(BoolArray a, BoolArray b)
{
return !(a == b);
}
#endregion
}
}