1. 获取rpm包直接从微软官方网站即可

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    820984 Apr  5 22:23 msodbcsql17-17.5.2.1-1.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 219635192 Apr  5 22:23 mssql-server-15.0.4033.1-2.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    228664 Apr  5 22:23 mssql-tools-17.5.2.1-1.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     56064 Apr  5 22:23 unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-14.el7.i686.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     43504 Apr  5 22:23 unixODBC-devel-2.3.7-1.rh.x86_64.rpm

2. 安装完rpm包之后根据提示信息进行创建

+--------------------------------------------------------------+
Please run 'sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup'
to complete the setup of Microsoft SQL Server
+--------------------------------------------------------------+

创建过程为:

[root@CentOS8 sql2019rpm]# /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup
usermod: no changes
Choose an edition of SQL Server:
  1) Evaluation (free, no production use rights, 180-day limit)
  2) Developer (free, no production use rights)
  3) Express (free)
  4) Web (PAID)
  5) Standard (PAID)
  6) Enterprise (PAID) - CPU Core utilization restricted to 20 physical/40 hyperthreaded
  7) Enterprise Core (PAID) - CPU Core utilization up to Operating System Maximum
  8) I bought a license through a retail sales channel and have a product key to enter.

Details about editions can be found at
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=2109348&clcid=0x409

Use of PAID editions of this software requires separate licensing through a
Microsoft Volume Licensing program.
By choosing a PAID edition, you are verifying that you have the appropriate
number of licenses in place to install and run this software.

Enter your edition(1-8): 7
The license terms for this product can be found in
/usr/share/doc/mssql-server or downloaded from:
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=2104294&clcid=0x409

The privacy statement can be viewed at:
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=853010&clcid=0x409

Do you accept the license terms? [Yes/No]:YES

Enter the SQL Server system administrator password: 
The specified password contains an invalid character. Valid characters include uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, symbols, punctuation marks, and unicode characters that are categorized as alphabetic but are not uppercase or lowercase.
Enter the SQL Server system administrator password: 
Confirm the SQL Server system administrator password: 
Configuring SQL Server...

^[ORThe licensing PID was successfully processed. The new edition is [Enterprise Edition: Core-based Licensing].
ForceFlush is enabled for this instance. 
ForceFlush feature is enabled for log durability.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service.
Setup has completed successfully. SQL Server is now starting.

3. 设置字符集

1. 首先关掉服务

systemctl stop mssql-server

2. 执行命令

/opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf  set-collation

3. 然后设置常用字符集即可
chinese_prc_ci_as

4. 重启服务
systemctl restart mssql-server

4. 增加环境变量

vim /etc/profile.d/db.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin

source 使之生效

5. 进行了解测试

[root@CentOS8 opt]# sqlcmd -H 127.0.0.1 -U sa
Password: 
1> select @@version
2> go
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (RTM-CU4) (KB4548597) - 15.0.4033.1 (X64) 
    Mar 14 2020 16:10:35 
    Copyright (C) 2019 Microsoft Corporation
    Enterprise Edition: Core-based Licensing (64-bit) on Linux (CentOS Linux 8 (Core)) <X64>                                                                             

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