ubuntu18.04不再使用initd管理系统,改用systemd。
然而systemd很难用,改变太大,跟之前的完全不同。
使用systemd设置开机启动
为了像以前一样,在/etc/rc.local中设置开机启动程序,需要以下几步:
1、systemd默认读取/etc/systemd/system下的配置文件,该目录下的文件会链接/lib/systemd/system/下的文件。一般系统安装完/lib/systemd/system/下会有rc-local.service文件,即我们需要的配置文件。
链接过来:
ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
cd /etc/systemd/system/
cat rc-local.service
rc-local.service内容
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
#
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version. # This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
Documentation=man:systemd-rc-local-generator()
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
After=network.target [Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=
RemainAfterExit=yes
GuessMainPID=no [Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service
1) [Unit] 区块:启动顺序与依赖关系。
2) [Service] 区块:启动行为,如何启动,启动类型。
3) [Install] 区块,定义如何安装这个配置文件,即怎样做到开机启动。
2、创建/etc/rc.local文件
sudo touch /etc/rc.local
3、赋可执行权限
chmod /etc/rc.local
4、编辑rc.local,添加需要开机启动的任务
#!/bin/bash echo "test rc " > /var/test.log
5、执行reboot重启系统,然后查看test.log