''''
import sys
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPen,QBrush,QPainter
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QWidget
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt

class DrawDemo(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(DrawDemo, self).__init__()

        #self.setGeometry(400,400,300,300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Qpen&QBrush')

    def paintEvent(self,e):

        qp=QPainter()        #实例化一个画板
        qp.begin(self)       #开始
        self.drawLines(qp)   #自定义的方法
        qp.end()             #结束

    def drawLines(self,qp):

        #设置钢笔属性：颜色黑色，宽度2，线条样式：SolidLine，
        pen=QPen(Qt.black,2,Qt.SolidLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)      #将钢笔的属性赋值给 画板的钢笔
        qp.drawLine(20,40,520,40)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.DashLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawRect(100,80,250,180)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.CustomDashLine)
        pen.setDashPattern([1,4,5,4])
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 300, 500, 300)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app=QApplication(sys.argv)
    demo=DrawDemo()
    demo.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

'''

import sys
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *

class Drawing(QWidget):
    def __init__(self,parent=None):
        super(Drawing, self).__init__(parent)
        self.initUI()
    def initUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(300,300,365,280)
        self.setWindowTitle('画刷例子')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self,e):

        qp=QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawLines(qp)
        qp.end()
    def drawLines(self,qp):
        brush=QBrush(Qt.SolidPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10,15,90,60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense1Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense2Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)


        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense3Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)


        brush = QBrush(Qt.DiagCrossPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)


        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense5Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 105, 90, 60)


        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense6Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 105, 90, 60)


        brush = QBrush(Qt.HorPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 195, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.VerPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 195, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.BDiagPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 195, 90, 60)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    demo = Drawing()
    demo.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

参考:PyQt5基本控件详解之QPen与QBrush（十八）_jia666666的博客-CSDN博客