前提
既然要做自动化测试，那我们就做得彻底一些，将整套系统部署在Linux服务器上，在搭建Jenkins环境之前，我已经通过VirtualBox安装了一个CentOS的服务器，搭建Jenkins是基于这个服务器环境之上的，CentOS下载地址为:http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso，CentOS安装后的版本信息如下：
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID=""
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/" CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION=""
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="" [root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.-.el7.x86_64 # SMP Tue Nov :: UTC x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
CentOS安装wget用于下载Jenkens安装包。
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget
安装成功后下载Jenkins，Jenkins安装包下载地址：https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins-2.131-1.1.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins-2.131-1.1.noarch.rpm
安装Jenkins
[root@localhost webber]# rpm -ivh jenkins-2.131-1.1.noarch.rpm
Jenkins的默认JENKINS_PORT是8080，为了避免与tomcat冲突，将其修改为8088
[root@localhost conf]# vi /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
## Type: integer(:)
## Default:
## ServiceRestart: jenkins
#
# Port Jenkins is listening on.
# Set to - to disable
#
JENKINS_PORT=""
给Jenkins配置JDK
[root@localhost conf]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins
candidates="
/etc/alternatives/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8./bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8./bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7./bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7./bin/java
/usr/bin/java
/home/jdk1..0_171/bin/java
"
重新加载配置并重启Jenkins服务
[root@localhost conf]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart jenkins.service
在浏览器中输入Jenkins服务器的地址就可以成功访问Jenkins了