第一次写这么长的程序，代码仅供參考，有问题请留言。

/*

**	学生信息管理系统

**	IDE：Dev-Cpp 4.9.9.2

**	2014-6-15

*/

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <algorithm>

#include <vector>

using std::sort;

using std::vector;

/*==存储单元节点==*/

struct student{

	//字符数组方便统一输入

	char name[50], address[100], email[50], id[20],

		age[5], birth[20], tel[20], gender[5];

};

vector<student> myvec;

/*==========函数声明区==========*/

/*-打印主菜单声明-*/

void printMainMenu();

/*-主界面各函数声明-*/

void enterInformation();  //1

void browseInformation();  //2

void inquireInformation();  //3

void modifyInformation();  //4

void deleteInformation();  //5

void saveToFile();			//6

void readFromFile();		//7

void exitInformation();  //0

/*--主界面函数的子函数声明--*/

void inquireOneStudent(student *);

void modifyOneStudent(student *);

/*--改动单项信息--*/

void modifyOneId(student *);

void modifyOneName(student *);

void modifyOneAge(student *);

void modifyOneGender(student *);

void modifyOneBirth(student *);

void modifyOneTel(student *);

void modifyOneAddress(student *);

void modifyOneEmail(student *);

void modifyToMain(student *); //这个事实上不须要形參，仅仅是为了统一跳转表接口

/*--删除一个学生--*/

void deleteOneStudent(student *);

/*--显示一个学生的全部信息--*/

void displayOneStudent(student *);

/*--浏览方式--*/

void browsePlain(); //直接浏览

void browseById();

void browseByName();

void browseByBirth();

void browseToMain();

/*--查询方式--*/

void inquireById();

void inquireByName();

/*-函数指针数组-*/

void (*mainPointerArr[])() = {

	exitInformation, enterInformation,

	browseInformation, inquireInformation,

	modifyInformation, deleteInformation, saveToFile, readFromFile

};

void (*modifyOne[])(student *) = {

	modifyToMain, modifyOneId, modifyOneName,

	modifyOneAge, modifyOneGender, modifyOneBirth,

	modifyOneTel, modifyOneAddress, modifyOneEmail

};

void (*browseArray[])() = {

	browseToMain, browsePlain, browseById,

	browseByName, browseByBirth

};

/*==========函数定义区==========*/

/*-主界面菜单函数-*/

void printMainMenu(){

	printf("\t\t\t河南理工大学学生信息管理系统\n\n");

	printf("\t\t   ======================================\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t1、学生信息录入 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t2、学生信息浏览 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t3、学生信息查询 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t4、学生信息改动 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t5、学生信息删除 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t6、学生信息存档 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t7、学生信息读档 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t  ||\t\t0、退出管理系统 \t||\n");

	printf("\t\t   ======================================\n");

	printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t原创作者：邱正钢\n");

	printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t完毕时间：2014年6月17日\n");

	printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail：2276479303@qq.com\n");

	printf("请选择功能：");

	int num;

	scanf("%d", &num);

	(*mainPointerArr[num])();

}

/*-信息录入-*/

void enterInformation(){ //1

	system("cls");

	printf("输入学生信息：\n");

	printf("请输入学号：");

	int len; student temp;

	while(gets(temp.id) && !strlen(temp.id))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入姓名：");

	while(gets(temp.name) && !strlen(temp.name))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入年龄：");

	while(gets(temp.age) && !strlen(temp.age))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入性别：");

	while(gets(temp.gender) && !strlen(temp.gender))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入生日：");

	while(gets(temp.birth) && !strlen(temp.birth))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入电话：");

	while(gets(temp.tel) && !strlen(temp.tel))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入地址：");

	while(gets(temp.address) && !strlen(temp.address))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("请输入Email：");

	while(gets(temp.email) && !strlen(temp.email))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	myvec.push_back(temp);

	system("cls");

	printf("OK,录入成功，该学生信息例如以下：\n");

	len = myvec.size() - 1;

	inquireOneStudent(&myvec[len]);

}

void browseInformation(){  //2

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("没有检測到不论什么学生信息！请在录入后再浏览！\n系统将返回到主界面\n");

		system("pause");

		browseToMain();

	}

	printf("请选择功能：\n");

	printf("1、直接浏览\n");

	printf("2、按学号排序后浏览\n");

	printf("3、按姓名排序后浏览\n");

	printf("4、按生日排序后浏览\n");

	printf("0、返回主菜单\n");

	int num; scanf("%d", &num);

	(*browseArray[num])();

	browseInformation();

}

void inquireInformation(){ //3

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("没有数据，无法查询！系统将退到主菜单\n");

		system("pause");

		browseToMain();

		return;

	}

	printf("请选择功能：");

	printf("1、输入学号查询\n");

	printf("2、输入姓名查询\n");

	printf("0、返回主菜单\n");

	int num; scanf("%d", &num);

	if(num == 1) inquireById();

	else if(num == 2) inquireByName();

	system("pause");

	browseToMain();

}

void modifyInformation(){ //4

	printf("请输入要更改的学生学号：");

	char buf[20];

	while(gets(buf), !strlen(buf))

		; //依旧是过滤空串

	vector<student>::iterator it = myvec.begin();

	for( ; it != myvec.end(); ++it){

		if(strcmp(buf, it->id) == 0){

			modifyOneStudent(&myvec[it - myvec.begin()]);

			return;

		}

	}

	printf("没有找到！\n");

}

void deleteInformation(){  //5

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("没有数据可供删除，系统将返回到主菜单。\n");

		system("pause");

		browseToMain();

		return;

	}

	printf("请选择功能：\n");

	printf("1、清空全部数据\n");

	printf("2、删除特定学生的信息\n");

	printf("0、返回主菜单\n");

	int num; scanf("%d", &num);

	if(1 == num){

		myvec.clear();

		printf("成功清除全部信息\n");

		return;

	}else if(2 == num){

		char buf[20];

		printf("请输入学生学号：");

		while(gets(buf), !strlen(buf))

			;

		vector<student>::iterator it = myvec.begin();

		for( ; it != myvec.end(); ++it){

			if(!strcmp(buf, it->id)){

				deleteOneStudent(&myvec[it - myvec.begin()]); return;

			}

		}

		printf("未找到该学生！\n");

	}

	system("pause");

	browseToMain();

}

void saveToFile(){			//6

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("数据为空，无法存储，请在录入信息后再存储到文件！系统将返回到主菜单！\n");

		system("pause");

		browseToMain();

		return;

	}

	FILE *fp = fopen("studentInformation.txt", "w");

	vector<student>::iterator it = myvec.begin();

	for( ; it < myvec.end(); ++it){

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->id);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->name);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->age);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->gender);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->birth);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->tel);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->address);

		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", it->email);

	}

	fclose(fp);

	printf("OK, 存档完毕！系统将返回到主界面。\n");

	system("pause"); browseToMain();

}

void readFromFile(){		//7

	FILE *fp = fopen("studentInformation.txt", "rb");

	if(fp == NULL){

		printf("未检測到存档文件！系统将返回到主界面。\n");

		system("pause");

		browseToMain();

		return;

	}

	student it;

	myvec.clear();

	while(fscanf(fp, "%s", it.id) == 1){

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.name);

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.age);

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.gender);

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.birth);

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.tel);

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.address);

		fscanf(fp, "%s", it.email);

		myvec.push_back(it);

	}

	fclose(fp);

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("读取存档失败！系统将返回到主界面！\n");

	}else{

		printf("读取存档成功！系统将返回到主界面！\n");

	}

	system("pause");

	browseToMain();

}

void exitInformation(){  //0

	printf("感谢您的使用！再见\n");

	system("pause");

	exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

}

void displayOneStudent(student *stu){

	printf("*****************************\n");

	printf("学号：%s\n", stu->id);

	printf("姓名：%s\n", stu->name);

	printf("年龄：%s\n", stu->age);

	printf("性别：%s\n", stu->gender);

	printf("生日：%s\n", stu->birth);

	printf("电话：%s\n", stu->tel);

	printf("地址：%s\n", stu->address);

	printf("Email：%s\n", stu->email);

	printf("*****************************\n");

}

void inquireOneStudent(student *stu){

	displayOneStudent(stu);

	printf("请选择操作：\n");

	printf("1、更改该学生信息\n");

	printf("2、删除该学生信息\n");

	printf("0、返回主菜单\n");

	int num;

label:	scanf("%d", &num);

	if(num == 1) modifyOneStudent(stu);

	else if(num == 2) deleteOneStudent(stu);

	else if(num == 0) modifyToMain(stu);

	else goto label;

}

void modifyOneStudent(student *stu){

	system("cls");

	printf("改动当前学生信息：\n");

	printf("1、改动学号\n");

	printf("2、改动姓名\n");

	printf("3、改动年龄\n");

	printf("4、改动性别\n");

	printf("5、改动生日\n");

	printf("6、改动电话\n");

	printf("7、改动地址\n");

	printf("8、改动Email\n");

	printf("0、返回主菜单\n");

	int num; scanf("%d", &num);

	(*modifyOne[num])(stu);

}

void modifyOneId(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的学号：");

	while(gets(stu->id) && !strlen(stu->id))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneName(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的姓名：");

	while(gets(stu->name) && !strlen(stu->name))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneAge(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的年龄：");

	while(gets(stu->age) && !strlen(stu->age))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneGender(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的性别：");

	while(gets(stu->gender) && !strlen(stu->gender))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneBirth(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的生日：");

	while(gets(stu->birth) && !strlen(stu->birth))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneTel(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的电话：");

	while(gets(stu->tel) && !strlen(stu->tel))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneAddress(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的地址：");

	while(gets(stu->address) && !strlen(stu->address))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyOneEmail(student *stu){

	printf("请输入新的Email：");

	while(gets(stu->email) && !strlen(stu->email))

		; //过滤缓存回车

	printf("改动成功！更改后的学生信息例如以下:\n");

	inquireOneStudent(stu);

}

void modifyToMain(student *stu){

	system("cls");

	printMainMenu();

}

void deleteOneStudent(student *stu){

	vector<student>::iterator it;

	it = myvec.begin() + (stu - &myvec[0]);

	myvec.erase(it);

	printf("删除成功！\n");

}

/*--cmp函数定义--*/

bool cmpById(student a, student b){

	if(strcmp(a.id, b.id) < 0) return true;

}

bool cmpByName(student a, student b){

	if(strcmp(a.name, b.name) < 0) return true;

}

bool cmpByBirth(student a, student b){

	if(strcmp(a.birth, b.birth) < 0) return true;

}

/*--浏览方式--*/

void browsePlain(){ //直接浏览

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("数据为空！将返回主菜单。\n");

		system("pause");

		modifyToMain(NULL);

	}

	vector<student>::iterator stu = myvec.begin();

	for( ; stu != myvec.end(); ++stu)

		displayOneStudent(&myvec[stu - myvec.begin()]);

}

void browseById(){

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("数据为空！将返回主菜单。\n");

		system("pause");

		modifyToMain(NULL);

	}

	sort(myvec.begin(), myvec.end(), cmpById);

	vector<student>::iterator stu = myvec.begin();

	for( ; stu != myvec.end(); ++stu)

		displayOneStudent(&myvec[stu - myvec.begin()]);

}

void browseByName(){

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("数据为空！将返回主菜单。\n");

		system("pause");

		modifyToMain(NULL);

	}

	sort(myvec.begin(), myvec.end(), cmpByName);

	vector<student>::iterator stu = myvec.begin();

	for( ; stu != myvec.end(); ++stu)

		displayOneStudent(&myvec[stu - myvec.begin()]);

}

void browseByBirth(){

	if(myvec.empty()){

		printf("数据为空！将返回主菜单。\n");

		system("pause");

		modifyToMain(NULL);

	}

	sort(myvec.begin(), myvec.end(), cmpByBirth);

	vector<student>::iterator stu = myvec.begin();

	for( ; stu != myvec.end(); ++stu)

		displayOneStudent(&myvec[stu - myvec.begin()]);

}

void browseToMain(){

	system("cls");

	printMainMenu();

}

/*--查询方式--*/

void inquireById(){

	printf("请输入要查询的学生学号：");

	char buf[20]; int ok = 0;

	while(gets(buf), !strlen(buf))

		; //依旧是过滤空串

	vector<student>::iterator it = myvec.begin();

	for( ; it != myvec.end(); ++it){

		if(strcmp(buf, it->id) == 0){

			displayOneStudent(&myvec[it - myvec.begin()]);

			ok = 1;

		}

	}

	if(0 == ok) printf("没有找到！\n");

}

void inquireByName(){

	printf("请输入要查询的学生姓名：");

	char buf[20]; int ok = 0;

	while(gets(buf), !strlen(buf))

		; //依旧是过滤空串

	vector<student>::iterator it = myvec.begin();

	for( ; it != myvec.end(); ++it){

		if(strcmp(buf, it->name) == 0){

			displayOneStudent(&myvec[it - myvec.begin()]);

			ok = 1;

		}

	}

	if(0 == ok) printf("没有找到！\n");

}

/*==========主函数==========*/

int main(){

	printMainMenu();

	return 0;

}