JavaScript中的Array对象就是数组，首先是一个动态数组，无需预先制定大小，而且是一个像Java中数组、ArrayList、Hashtable等的超强综合体。
一、数组的声明
常规方式声明：
1、var arrName = new Array();//创建一个数组
2、var arrName = new Array([size]); //创建一个数组并指定长度，注意不是上限，是长度
3、var arrName =new Array("孤傲苍狼","白虎神皇","灭世魔尊");//创建一个数组，并初始化数组的内容
注意：虽然var arrName = new Array([size]);指定了长度，但实际上所有情况下数组都是变长的，也就是说即使指定了长度为2，仍然可以将元素存储在规定长度以外的，注意：这时长度会随之改变。
Array的简化声明
1、普通数组初始化：var arr = [3, 5, 6, 8, 9];
范例1：
1 <script type="text/javascript">
2 //JavaScript声明数组的四种方式
3 var arr1 = new Array();//创建一个空数组
4 arr1[0]="xdp";
5 arr1[1]="gacl";
6 var arr2 = new Array(2);//创建一个数组并指定长度为2
7 arr2["name0"]="xdp";//arr2第一个元素
8 arr2["name1"]="gacl";//arr2第二个元素
9 arr2["name2"]="xtxd";//arr2第三个元素，arr2虽然在声明时指明了长度为2，但是还是可以添加超过其指明长度的元素
10 var arr3 = new Array("孤傲苍狼","白虎神皇","灭世魔尊");//创建一个数组并初始化数组中的元素
11 var arr4 = [1,true,"String"];//Array的简化声明
12
13 document.write("遍历arr1中的元素：<br/>");
14 for(var i in arr1) {
15 document.write(arr1[i]+"<br/>");
16 }
17 document.write("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>");
18 document.write("遍历arr2中的元素：<br/>");
19 for(var i in arr2) {
20 document.write("arr2[\""+i+"\"]="+arr2[i]+"<br/>");
21 }
22 document.write("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>");
23 document.write("遍历arr3中的元素：<br/>");
24 for(var i in arr3) {
25 document.write(arr3[i]+"<br/>");
26 }
27 document.write("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>");
28 document.write("遍历arr4中的元素：<br/>");
29 for(var i in arr4) {
30 document.write(arr4[i]+"<br/>");
31 }
32 </script>
运行结果：
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" alt="" />
范例2：
1 <script type="text/javascript">
2 var names = new Array();//普通方式声明数组，不需要指明数组的长度
3 names[0] = "孤傲苍狼";
4 names[1] = "白虎神皇";
5 names[2] = "灭世魔尊";
6 for (var i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
7 document.write("names["+i+"] = "+names[i]);
8 document.write("<br/>");
9 }
10
11 var pinyins = new Array();
12 pinyins["人"] = "ren";
13 pinyins["口"] = "kou";
14 pinyins["手"] = "shou";
15 document.write("pinyins[\"人\"] = "+pinyins["人"]);
16 document.write("<br/>");
17 document.write("pinyins.手 = "+pinyins.手);//像Hashtable、Dictionary那样用，而且像它们一样效率高。
18 document.write("<br/>");
19 //Array的简化声明
20 var arr1 = [3, 5];//普通数组初始化
21 for (var i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
22 document.write("arr1["+i+"] = "+arr1[i]);
23 document.write("<br/>");
24 }
25 </script>
运行结果：
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
二、数组练习
Ferris写过一个数组的案例，以下就是他的案例代码，挺全的，思路也挺好！
1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
3 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
4 <title>数组练习：各种数组方法的使用</title>
5 <style>
6 div{color:green;padding:10px 15px;margin:12px 0;background:#f0f0f0;border:1px dotted #333;font:12px/1.5 Courier New;word-wrap:break-word;}
7 </style>
8 <script type="text/javascript">
9 window.onload = function ()
10 {
11 var aDiv = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
12 var aInput = document.getElementsByTagName("input");
13 var i = 0;
14 var bS1 = bS2 = true;
15 var aTmp = [];
16
17 //删除/添加第一项
18 aInput[0].onclick = function ()
19 {
20 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[0].innerHTML);
21 bS1 ?
22 //删除第一项， shift()方法
23 (aTmp.shift(), this.value = this.value.replace("删除","添加"), bS1 = false) :
24 //添加第一项, unshift()方法
25 (aTmp.unshift("January(1)"), this.value = this.value.replace("添加","删除"), bS1 = true);
26 //输出
27 aDiv[0].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
28 };
29
30
31 //删除/添加最后一项
32 aInput[1].onclick = function ()
33 {
34 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[0].innerHTML);
35 bS2 ?
36 //删除最后一项, pop()方法
37 (aTmp.pop(), this.value = this.value.replace("删除","添加"), bS2 = false) :
38 //添加最后一项, push()方法
39 (aTmp.push("December(12)"), this.value = this.value.replace("添加","删除"), bS2 = true);
40 //输出
41 aDiv[0].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
42 };
43
44
45 //复制, concat()方法
46 aInput[2].onclick = function ()
47 {
48 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[1].innerHTML);
49 //输出
50 aDiv[1].innerHTML = aTmp.concat(aTmp).toString().replace(/\s/g,"")
51 };
52
53
54 //还原, 利用数组的 length 特点
55 aInput[3].onclick = function ()
56 {
57 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[1].innerHTML);
58 //设置数组长度
59 aTmp.length = 10;
60 //输出
61 aDiv[1].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
62 };
63
64
65 //第三组数据还原
66 aInput[4].onclick = function ()
67 {
68 aTmp = ["red","green","blue","white","yellow","black","brown"];
69 //输出
70 aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
71 };
72
73
74 //删除前三项
75 aInput[5].onclick = function ()
76 {
77 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);
78 //删除, 0开始, 删除3个
79 aTmp.splice(0, 3);
80 //输出
81 aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
82 };
83
84
85 //删除第二至三项
86 aInput[6].onclick = function ()
87 {
88 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);
89 //删除, 2开始, 删除2个
90 aTmp.splice(1, 2);
91 //输出
92 aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
93 };
94
95
96 //在第二顶后插入"orange", "purple"
97 aInput[7].onclick = function ()
98 {
99 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);
100 //插入, 2开始, 插入"orange", "purple"
101 aTmp.splice(1, 0, "orange", "purple");
102 //输出
103 aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
104 };
105
106
107 //替换第二项和第三项
108 aInput[8].onclick = function ()
109 {
110 aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);
111 //插入, 2开始替换
112 aTmp.splice(1, 2, "#009900", "#0000ff");
113 //输出
114 aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()
115 };
116
117 //将div中的内容转为数组
118 //str div对象
119 function getArray(str)
120 {
121 aTmp.length = 0;
122 str = str.split(",");
123 for (var i in str)aTmp.push(str[i]);
124 return aTmp
125 }
126 }
127 </script>
128 </head>
129 <body>
130 <div>January(1),February(2),March(3),April(4),May(5),June(6),July(7),Aguest(8),September(9),October(10),November(11),December(12)</div>
131 <input value="删除January(1)" type="button">
132 <input value="删除December(12)" type="button">
133 <div>0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9</div>
134 <input value="复制" type="button">
135 <input value="还原" type="button">
136 <div>red,green,blue,white,yellow,black,brown</div>
137 <input value="还原" type="button">
138 <input value="删除前三项" type="button">
139 <input value="删除第二至三项" type="button">
140 <input value="在第二项后插入(orange, purple)" type="button">
141 <input value="替换第二项和第三项" type="button">
142
143
144 </body></html>