原文:[置顶] Android菜鸟的成长笔记(13)——异步任务(Async Task)
Android的UI线程主要负责处理用户的事件及图形显示,因此主线程UI不能阻塞,否则会弹出一个ANR(Application Not Responding)异常,所以不能在UI线程中执行耗时操作。AsyncTask<>是一个抽象类,通常被继承,继承时需要指定三个泛型:
AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result>
Params:启动任务执行的输入参数的类型
Progress:后台任务完成的进度值的类型
Result:后台执行任务完成后返回结果的类型
例子:从http://m.blog.csdn.net/blog/lxq_xsyu异步加载数据到手机上并显示(详细请看注释)
MainActivity.java
package com.example.testasyntask; import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection; import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView show;
private WebView webView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
} public void download(View source) throws MalformedURLException{
DownTask task = new DownTask(this);
task.execute(new URL("http://m.blog.csdn.net/blog/lxq_xsyu"));
} class DownTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, String>{
ProgressDialog pdialog;
Context mContext;
int hasRead = 0;
public DownTask(Context ctx){
mContext = ctx;
} /**
* 该方法在执行后台耗时操作前被调用,初始化
*/
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
pdialog = new ProgressDialog(mContext);
pdialog.setTitle("任务正在执行中");
pdialog.setMessage("任务正在执行中,请耐心等待...");
pdialog.setCancelable(false);
pdialog.setMax(182);
pdialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
pdialog.setIndeterminate(false);
pdialog.show();
} /**
* 重写该方法就是后台线程将要完成的任务,该方法可以调用
* publishProgress(Progress.. values)方法更新任务的执行进度。
*/
@Override
protected String doInBackground(URL... params) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
try {
URLConnection conn = params[0].openConnection();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
sb.append(line + "\n");
hasRead++;
publishProgress(hasRead);
}
return sb.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
} /**
* 当doInBackground完成后,系统自动调用
*/
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
//show.setText(result);
webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, result, "text/html", "utf-8", null);
pdialog.dismiss();
} @Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
show.setText("已经读取了【" + values[0] + "】行!");
pdialog.setProgress(values[0]);
} }
}
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"> <TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="102dp"
android:text="TextView" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="31dp"
android:text="开始下载"
android:onClick="download"/> <WebView
android:id="@+id/webview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
运行结果: