注：本文参考了《 ORA-00257: archiver error. Connect internal only, until freed 错误的处理方法 》
一：问题背景：
今天在 做外部表的时候，出现了下图的问题；
二：具体操作步骤
1： 看看archiv log所在位置
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba; SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Jul 14 09:43:00 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SYS@orcl> show parameter log_archive_dest; NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest string
log_archive_dest_1 string
log_archive_dest_10 string
log_archive_dest_11 string
log_archive_dest_12 string
log_archive_dest_13 string
log_archive_dest_14 string
log_archive_dest_15 string
log_archive_dest_16 string
log_archive_dest_17 string
log_archive_dest_18 string NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_19 string
log_archive_dest_2 string
log_archive_dest_20 string
log_archive_dest_21 string
log_archive_dest_22 string
log_archive_dest_23 string
log_archive_dest_24 string
log_archive_dest_25 string
log_archive_dest_26 string
log_archive_dest_27 string
log_archive_dest_28 string NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_29 string
log_archive_dest_3 string
log_archive_dest_30 string
log_archive_dest_31 string
log_archive_dest_4 string
log_archive_dest_5 string
log_archive_dest_6 string
log_archive_dest_7 string
log_archive_dest_8 string
log_archive_dest_9 string
log_archive_dest_state_1 string enable NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_10 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_11 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_12 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_13 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_14 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_15 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_16 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_17 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_18 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_19 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_2 string ENABLE NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_20 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_21 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_22 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_23 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_24 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_25 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_26 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_27 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_28 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_29 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_3 string enable NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_30 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_31 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_4 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_5 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_6 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_7 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_8 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_9 string enable
2：一般VALUE为空时，可以用archive log list;检查一下归档目录和log sequence
SYS@orcl> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 357
Next log sequence to archive 357
Current log sequence 360
3： 检查flash recovery area的使用情况,可以看见archivelog已经很大了，达到99.1
SYS@orcl> select * from V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE; FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE NUMBER_OF_FILES
-------------------- ------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
CONTROL FILE 0 0 0
REDO LOG 0 0 0
ARCHIVED LOG 99.1 0
BACKUP PIECE 0 0 0
IMAGE COPY 0 0 0
FLASHBACK LOG 0 0 0
FOREIGN ARCHIVED LOG 0 0 0 7 rows selected.
4：计算flash recovery area已经占用的空间
SYS@orcl> select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage; SUM(PERCENT_SPACE_USED)*3/100
-----------------------------
2.973
5： 找到recovery目录, show parameter recover
SYS@orcl> show parameter recover; NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/db_recovery_file_dest
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 3G
db_unrecoverable_scn_tracking boolean TRUE
recovery_parallelism integer 0SYS@orcl> ho ls -al /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL
total 20
drwxr-x--- 5 oracle oinstall 4096 May 21 00:03 .
drwxr-x--- 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jun 7 22:02 ..
drwxr-x--- 19 oracle oinstall 4096 May 20 23:57 archivelog
drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 May 21 13:00 db_recovery_file_dest
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 30 2016 onlinelog
6：上述结果告诉我们，归档位置用的是默认值，放在flash_recovery_area下(db_recovery_file_dest目录=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/db_recovery_file_dest
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL
[oracle@localhost ORCL]$ ls
archivelog db_recovery_file_dest onlinelog
[oracle@localhost ORCL]$ cd db_recovery_file_dest/
[oracle@localhost db_recovery_file_dest]$ ls
ORCL
[oracle@localhost db_recovery_file_dest]$ cd ORCL/
[oracle@localhost ORCL]$ ls
archivelog
[oracle@localhost ORCL]$ cd archivelog/
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ ls
2018_05_21 2018_05_23 2018_05_25 2018_05_27 2018_05_29 2018_05_31 2018_06_07 2018_07_14
2018_05_22 2018_05_24 2018_05_26 2018_05_28 2018_05_30 2018_06_06 2018_06_20
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ rm 2018_05*
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_21': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_22': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_23': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_24': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_25': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_26': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_27': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_28': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_29': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_30': Is a directory
rm: cannot remove `2018_05_31': Is a directory
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ rm -rf 2018_05*
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ rm -rf 2018_056
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ rm -rf 2018_06*
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ rm -rf 2018_07_0*
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$ ls
2018_07_14
[oracle@localhost archivelog]$---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
注意:
在删除归档日志后，必须用RMAN维护控制文件，否则空间显示仍然不释放。
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7：rman target sys/pass
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target sys/pass Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Jul 14 09:47:17 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1457025880) RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2016_11_30/o1_mf_1_6_d3vpslgx_.arc RECID=1 STAMP=929245620
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2016_12_01/o1_mf_1_7_d409htxg_.arc RECID=2 STAMP=929482240 RMAN> delete expired archivelog all; released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK
specification does not match any archived log in the repository RMAN> delete archivelog until time 'sysdate-1' ; released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL
===================================================================== Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - ---------
1 1 6 A 30-NOV-16
Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2016_11_30/o1_mf_1_6_d3vpslgx_.arc 2 1 7 A 30-NOV-16
Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2016_12_01/o1_mf_1_7_d409htxg_.arc
8：再次查询，发现使用率正常，已经降到8.67
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba; SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Jul 14 09:55:40 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SYS@orcl> select * from V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE; FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE
-------------------- ------------------ -------------------------
NUMBER_OF_FILES
---------------
CONTROL FILE 0 0
0 REDO LOG 0 0
0 ARCHIVED LOG 8.67 0
6 FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE
-------------------- ------------------ -------------------------
NUMBER_OF_FILES
---------------
BACKUP PIECE 0 0
0 IMAGE COPY 0 0
0 FLASHBACK LOG 0 0
0 FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE
-------------------- ------------------ -------------------------
NUMBER_OF_FILES
---------------
FOREIGN ARCHIVED LOG 0 0
0 7 rows selected. SYS@orcl>