一、简介
jdbc调用存储过程与调用一般的sql语句有些差别。jdbc调用一般的sql语句的时候，返回的是结果集，或是sql语句后是否执行成功的标记量。而存储过程返回的可以是结果集，输出参数、返回状态和受影响行数。而mysql存储过程不支持return，所以只有剩下的三种返回方式。
调用的过程一般如下：
1、创建连接 Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
2、创建CallableStatement CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
3、设置参数
statement.setInt(1, id);
statement.registerOutParameter(2, Types.VARCHAR);
statement.registerOutParameter(3, Types.INTEGER);
statement.registerOutParameter(4, Types.VARCHAR);
4、执行
statement.execute(); 或 statement.executeUpdate();
5、获取返回
int age = statement.getInt(3);或ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
二、实例
以下存储过程表结构如下：
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `person`;
CREATE TABLE `person` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of person
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `person` VALUES ('', 'lisi', '', 'li123456');
INSERT INTO `person` VALUES ('', 'zhangsan', '', 'zhang123456');
1、增加记录（输入输出参数的调用）
存储过程如下：
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_insert;
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_insert(
IN uusername VARCHAR(255),
IN uage INT(11),
IN upassword VARCHAR(255),
OUT flag INT(11)
)
BEGIN
START TRANSACTION;
INSERT INTO person (username, age, password) values (uusername, uage, upassword);
SET flag = ROW_COUNT(); -- 保存sql语句操作后影响的行数
COMMIT;
END;
调用代码如下：
public static void insert(String username, int age, String upassword) {
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
String user = "root";
String password = "";
try {
Class.forName(driver);
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
String sql = "{call proc_person_insert( ?, ?, ?, ? )}";
CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
statement.setString(1, username); //设置输入参数username
statement.setInt(2, age); //设置输入参数age
statement.setString(3, upassword);//设置输入参数password
statement.registerOutParameter(4, Types.INTEGER);//设置输出参数username
statement.executeUpdate();
int flag = statement.getInt(4);//获取输出参数
System.out.println(flag);// 1添加成功，0添加失败
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
对于输出参数需要调用statement.registerOutParameter(4, Types.INTEGER)进行注册，执行之后通过statement.getInt()方法来获取。
2、修改记录（输入输出参数的调用）
存储过程如下：
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_update;
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_update(
IN uid INT(11),
IN uusername VARCHAR(255),
IN uage INT(11),
IN upassword VARCHAR(255),
OUT flag INT(11)
)
BEGIN
START TRANSACTION;
UPDATE person SET username = uusername, age = uage, password = upassword WHERE id = uid;
SET flag = ROW_COUNT(); -- 保存sql语句操作后影响的行数
COMMIT;
END;
调用代码如下：
public static void update(int id, String username, int age, String upassword) {
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
String user = "root";
String password = "";
try {
Class.forName(driver);
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
String sql = "{call proc_person_update( ?, ?, ?, ?, ? )}";
CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
statement.setInt(1, id);
statement.setString(2, username);
statement.setInt(3, age);
statement.setString(4, upassword);
statement.registerOutParameter(5, Types.INTEGER);
statement.executeUpdate();
int flag = statement.getInt(5);
System.out.println(flag);// 1添加成功，0添加失败
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
3、删除记录（使用statement.getUpdateCount()获取影响行数）
存储过程如下：
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_del;
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_del(
IN pid INT(11)
)
BEGIN
DELETE FROM person WHERE id = pid;
END;
调用代码如下：
public static void delete(int id){
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
String user = "root";
String password = "";
try {
Class.forName(driver);
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
String sql = "{call proc_person_del( ?)}";
CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
statement.setInt(1, id);
statement.executeUpdate();
int flag = statement.getUpdateCount();//使用该语句的时候存储过程DELETE语句外不能出现 START TRANSACTION;COMMINT;
System.out.println(flag);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
18 e.printStackTrace();
}
}
4、查询一条记录（输入输出）
存储过程如下：
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_find;
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_find(
IN pid INT(11),
OUT pusername VARCHAR(255),
OUT page INT(11),
OUT ppassword VARCHAR(255)
)
BEGIN
SELECT username, age, password INTO pusername, page, ppassword FROM person WHERE id = pid;
END;
使用在SELECT语句中使用INTO给输出参数赋值
调用代码如下：
public static void find(int id){
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
String user = "root";
String password = "";
try {
Class.forName(driver);
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
String sql = "{call proc_person_find( ?, ?, ?, ?)}";
CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
statement.setInt(1, id);
statement.registerOutParameter(2, Types.VARCHAR);
statement.registerOutParameter(3, Types.INTEGER);
statement.registerOutParameter(4, Types.VARCHAR);
statement.execute();
String username = statement.getString(2);
int age = statement.getInt(3);
String ppassword = statement.getString(4);
System.out.println("id:" + id);
System.out.println("username:" + username);
System.out.println("age:" + age);
System.out.println("ppassword:" + ppassword);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
5、查询一个集合（返回一个集合）
存储过程如下：
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_findAll;
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_findAll( )
BEGIN
SELECT id, username, age, password FROM person;
END;
调用代码如下：
public static void findAll(){
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
String user = "root";
String password = "";
try {
Class.forName(driver);
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
String sql = "{call proc_person_findAll()}";
CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
while(resultSet.next()){
int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
String username =resultSet.getString("username");
int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
String ppassword = resultSet.getString("password");
System.out.println(id + " " + username + " " + age + " " + ppassword);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
通过statement.executeQuery()方法返回已经ResultSet，再对ResultSet进行遍历。
关于存储过程存在into参数的时候，java代码中在设置输入参数之后，还需要注册输出参数，调用之后通过statement.get..方法拿到输出参数的值。如下：
String sql = "{call proc_person_del( ? )}";
CallableStatement statement = conn.prepareCall(sql);
statement.setInt(1, id);
statement.registerOutParameter(1, Types.INTEGER);
// 注意此次注册out 的index 和上面的in 参数index 相同
statement.execute();
int flag = statement.getInt(1);