ubuntu更换pip install,apt-get,conda install 成国内源

解决ubuntu的pip和apt-get太慢的问题

ubuntu国外龟速的源实在难受,还是自己动手更改一下各种pip 源和apt-get 的源吧,换了之后速度令人舒适!

  1. 更换pip源成清华源

    • 临时使用:

      可以在使用pip的时候加参数-i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple例如

      pip install opencv-python -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

      这样就从清华这边的镜像去安装opencv-python

    • 永久修改

      • linux下,修改 ~/.pip/pip.conf (没有就创建一个), 修改 index-url至清华源,内容如下:

        [global]
        index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
      • windows下,找到 C:\Users\xxx(自己名字)\AppData\Roaming\pip,新建文件pip.ini,内容如下

        [global]
        index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
  2. 更换apt-get成清华源

    • 原文件备份(万一更换的源不行的时候,复制回来)

      sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
    • 编辑源列表文件

      sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
    • 将原来的列表删除,添加清华镜像源(https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/

      # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
      deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
      # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
      deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
      # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
      deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
      # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
      deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
      # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
      # 预发布软件源,不建议启用
      # deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
      # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    • sudo apt-get update 让更改生效

  3. 更换conda install源成清华源

    • 编辑源列表文件

      gedit ~/.condarc
    • 删除文件内容,替换默认源成清华源

      channels: 
        - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
        - defaults
      show_channel_urls: yes
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