centos7最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+java+mysql运行环境

2022-12-27 07:17:32

　　最近项目从windows搬到linux，由于项目组成员有限并且有其它紧急的任务需要处理，因而这个任务就落到我的头上了。下面记录下centos最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+mysql+java的运行环境。

centos7 minimal安装

　　参考：http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/

安装java

　　下载Java，可到oracle官网获取相应的连接

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2

# 改名：

mv jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz

# 解压：

tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz

# 更换目录：

mv ./jdk1..0_79 /usr/local/ jdk1..0_79

　　添加到环境变量

root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile

# 在export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL下添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1..0_79

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

　　执行

source /etc/profile

　　使环境变量生效

　　查看是否安装成功

[root@localhost jdk1..0_79]# java -version

java version "1.7.0_79"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)

Java HotSpot(TM) -Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)

安装tomcat

# 创建用户

groupadd tomcat

useradd -s /bin/bash -g tomcat tomcat

# 下载：

wget http://apache.opencas.org/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.68/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz

# 解压：

tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0..tar.gz

# 复制：

cp -R ./apache-tomcat-7.0. /usr/local

cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.

# 修改权限：

chown -R tomcat:tomcat apache-tomcat-7.0.

# 启动：

sh ./bin/startup.sh

　　将8080端口添加到防火墙例外并重启

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent

firewall-cmd --reload

　　访问：http://IP:8080/，熟悉的感觉

安装Mysql

# 创建用户

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null mysql

# 查看mysql用户
id mysql

# 下载：

wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

mkdir /data

cd /data

mkdir mysql

cd mysql

mkdir -p mysql3306/{logs,tmp,data}

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf

vi /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf

# 修改
# 指定data目录

datadir=/data/mysql/mysql3306/data/

# 指定监听端口
port=3306
# 表名忽略大小写

lower_case_table_names=

　　初始化mysql，（注意获取初始化密码），命令安装也可参考：centos7 安装mysql5.7.11注意事项

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize

--26T10::.821897Z  [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

--26T10::.822126Z  [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.

--26T10::.822138Z  [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.

--26T10::.311120Z  [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=

--26T10::.411026Z  [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

--26T10::.492963Z  [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b671cd20-dc73-11e5-abe1-000c29c3b190.

--26T10::.495657Z  [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

--26T10::.511137Z  [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fUVd&7p,qbf0

# 此处需要注意root用户生成的随机密码，后面要用到。

　　启动mysql

 bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=root

　　设置root用户密码

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password

Enter password:

New password:

Confirm new password:

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

　　编辑/etc/profile，将mysql添加到环境变量（可参考java添加环境变量的方法）

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

安装nginx

　　安装依赖库

yum -y install gcc-c++

yum -y install pcre pcre-devel

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel libssl-dev

　　下载并解压

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx-1.9..tar.gz

　　编译安装

./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module

make

make install

　　如果没报错的话，查看是否安装成功

whereis nginx

　　添加到防火墙例外

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent

firewall-cmd --reload

　　启动nginx

/usr/local/nginx/nginx

　　访问：http://IP/，熟悉的味道

Nginx和tomcat整合

　　tomcat配置

###### Tomcat配置

# 创建tomcat项目默认目录

mkdir /home/www/web/jsp/

# 配置tomcat默认项目

# ./conf/server.xml中的Host节点中添加

<Context path="" debug="" docBase="/home/www/web/jsp/" reloadable="true"></Context>

# 重启tomcat

/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0./bin/shutdown.sh

/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0./bin/startup.sh

# 创建index.jsp内容为“tomcat web project index page”

　　http://IP:8080/

　　创建test.html，内容为“tomcat test html”

　　http://192.168.222.128:8080/test.html

　　nginx配置

　　创建nginx静态文件存放目录

mkdir /home/www/web/ROOT

　　代理设置

[root@localhost nginx]# vi proxy.conf

#!nginx

# proxy.conf

proxy_redirect          off;

proxy_set_header        Host $host;

proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  #获取真实ip

#proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip

client_max_body_size    10m;

client_body_buffer_size 128k;

proxy_connect_timeout   ;

proxy_send_timeout      ;

proxy_read_timeout      ;

proxy_buffer_size       4k;

proxy_buffers            32k;

proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;

proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

　　配置nginx.conf

#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组

#user  www www;

#启动进程数

worker_processes ;

#全局错误日志及PID文件

error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;

#pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile ;

#工作模式及连接数上限

events

{

        use epoll;

        worker_connections ;

}

#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持

http

{

        #设定mime类型

        include       mime.types;

        default_type  application/octet-stream;

        include /usr/local/nginx/proxy.conf;

        #charset  gb2312;

        #设定请求缓冲

        server_names_hash_bucket_size ;

        client_header_buffer_size 32k;

        large_client_header_buffers  32k;

        #client_max_body_size 8m;

        sendfile on;

        tcp_nopush     on;

        keepalive_timeout ;

        tcp_nodelay on;

        #  fastcgi_connect_timeout ;

        #  fastcgi_send_timeout ;

        #  fastcgi_read_timeout ;

        #  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

        #  fastcgi_buffers  64k;

        #  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

        #  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

        #  gzip on;

        #  gzip_min_length  1k;

        #  gzip_buffers      16k;

        #  gzip_http_version 1.0;

        #  gzip_comp_level ;

        #  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

        #  gzip_vary on;

        #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

        ###禁止通过ip访问站点

        #server{

        #       server_name _;

        #       return ;

        #}

        server

        {

                listen       ;

                server_name  localhost;

                index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址

                root  /home/www/web/ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径

                #limit_conn   crawler  ;   

                location / {

                        index   index.html index.jsp;

                }        

                location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理

                {

                        index index.jsp;

                        proxy_pass http://192.168.222.128:8080;#转向tomcat处理

                }

                location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat

                {

                        expires      30d;

                }

                location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

                {

                        expires      1h;

                }

                #定义访问日志的写入格式

                #log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                #'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                #'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

                #access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径

        }

}

　　检测配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

　　平滑重启nginx

/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload

　　/home/www/web/ROOT目录下创建test.html内容为“nginx static html”

　　访问：http://IP/test.html

　　此时访问的是nginx静态资源所在的目录

　　http://IP/index.jsp

　　此时html等静态文件访问的是nginx指定的静态文件目录，而jsp文件则分发到tomcat进行处理。

服务自启动

　　mysql自启动

./usr/lib/systemd/system目录下新建mysql.service

    [Unit]

Description=mysql

After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]

Type=forking

#LimitNOFILE=max_open_files

PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid

TimeoutSec=

PermissionsStartOnly=true

ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/

ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=mysql

ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID

PrivateTmp=false

#Nice=nice_level

#LimitCore=core_file_limit

#Environment="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/mysql/lib"

Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

　　允许mysql开机启动

systemctl enable mysql

　　检查配置是否成功

systemctl is-enabled mysql

　　mysql开启慢查询

/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf中添加

# 慢日志

slow_query_log=

slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/localhost-slow.log

slow_launch_time=

　　nginx和tomcat自启动（和mysql类似，不再阐述）

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