MinIO的详细介绍可以参考官网(https://min.io/product/overview)。
简单来说它是一个实现了AWS S3标准的100%开源的,可商用的( Apache V2 license),高性能的分布式对象存储管理系统。
AWS S3是什么(https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/112057573):
- 提供了统一的接口 REST/SOAP 来统一访问任何数据
- 对 S3 来说,存在里面的数据就是对象名(键),和数据(值)
- 不限量,单个文件最高可达 5TB
- 高速。每个 bucket 下每秒可达 3500 PUT/COPY/POST/DELETE 或 5500 GET/HEAD 请求
- 具备版本,权限控制能力
- 具备数据生命周期管理能力
这次主要介绍CentOS7如何安装MinIO,以及C#如何使用MinIO的.NET SDK来上传文件(显示上传进度)。
首先安装好CentOS7 64位操作系统,然后在/usr/local下新建一个minio目录,在minio目录下新建三个子文件夹,分别是:
bin 用来保存minio的主程序
data 用来保存用户上传的文件
etc 用来保存minio的配置文件
然后新建MinIO运行所需的系统组和用户
groupadd -g minio
useradd -r -M -u -g -c "Minio User" -s /sbin/nologin minio
建立了一个组ID是2020,名称是minio的系统组,然后添加了一个不能登录的名称是minio,所属组ID是2020并且个人ID也是2020的系统用户。
MinIO默认提供的http访问端口是9000,我们提前在防火墙里把9000端口打开
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
同时我们需要给MinIO挂载要给存储空间比较大的磁盘用来存储文件
执行lvdisplay找到比较大的分区,挂载给/usr/local/minio目录
运行
mount /dev/centos/home /usr/local/minio
把这个200多G的逻辑卷挂载给minio的目录。
同时为了重启后自动挂载,我们需要执行以下代码
vim /etc/fstab
把centos-home这句换成以下内容,保存退出,就可以让系统重启后自动挂载空间到/usr/local/minio目录了
/dev/mapper/centos-home /usr/local/minio xfs defaults
然后我们运行lsblk就可以看到磁盘空间正确挂载在minio目录下了
从官网(或者通过下载工具下载到本地后上传)下载(https://min.io/download#/linux)到CentOS的/usr/local/minio/bin目录下
其中第二句(chmod +x minio)等把minio文件移动到/usr/local/minio/bin后在执行
第三句先不要执行
下面我们建立MinIO的配置文件
vim /usr/local/minio/etc/minio.conf
写入以下内容(--address后面的IP 是CentOS的IP地址)
MINIO_VOLUMES="/usr/local/minio/data"
MINIO_OPTS="-C /usr/local/minio/etc --address 192.168.127.131:9000
建立MinIO的service文件,让它随系统启动而启动
vim /etc/systemd/system/minio.service
写入以下内容
[Unit]
Description=MinIO
Documentation=https://docs.min.io
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
AssertFileIsExecutable=/usr/local/minio/bin/minio [Service]
# User and group
User=minio
Group=minio EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/minio/etc/minio.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/minio/bin/minio server $MINIO_OPTS $MINIO_VOLUMES # Let systemd restart this service always
Restart=always # Specifies the maximum file descriptor number that can be opened by this process
LimitNOFILE= # Disable timeout logic and wait until process is stopped
TimeoutStopSec=infinity
SendSIGKILL=no [Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
然后我们启动MinIO
systemctl enable minio.service
systemctl start minio.service
systemctl status minio.service
启动正常后,我们访问http://192.168.127.131:9000就应该可以看到web管理端的登录界面
我们可以通过下面的命令来获取到默认的登录名和密码(minioadmin)
cat /usr/local/minio/data/.minio.sys/config/config.json
如果要自定义登录名和密码,可以在/usr/local/minio/etc/minio.conf中增加两个配置内容
MINIO_ACCESS_KEY="登录名"
MINIO_SECRET_KEY="登录密码"
至此,MinIO的安装就介绍完毕,下面是本文重点,C#中使用WPF客户端如何获取文件上传时的进度。
首先新建一个项目MinIO,项目类型是WPF,项目的.NET版本是4.6
引用官方的Minio .NET SDK以及其它一些需要的类库
在项目的根目录添加一个nlog.config并设置为较新时复制,内容如下(主要用来做一些日志记录):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd NLog.xsd"
autoReload="true"
throwExceptions="false"
internalLogLevel="Info">
<targets>
<default-target-parameters xsi:type="File" createDirs="true" keepFileOpen="true" autoFlush="false" openFileFlushTimeout="10" openFileCacheTimeout="30" archiveAboveSize="10240" archiveNumbering="Sequence" concurrentWrites="true" encoding="UTF-8"/>
<target xsi:type="File" name="InfoFile" fileName="${basedir}/InfoLogs/log.txt" archiveFileName="${basedir}/InfoLogs/log.{#}.txt">
<layout xsi:type="JsonLayout">
<attribute name="counter" layout="${counter}" />
<attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
<attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
<attribute name="message" layout="${message:format=message}" encode="false" />
</layout>
</target>
<target xsi:type="File" name="ErrorFile" fileName="${basedir}/ErrorLogs/log.txt" archiveFileName="${basedir}/ErrorLogs/log.{#}.txt">
<layout xsi:type="JsonLayout">
<attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
<attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
<attribute name="message" layout="${message}" encode="false" />
<attribute name="exception">
<layout xsi:type="JsonLayout">
<attribute name="callsite" layout="${callsite}" />
<attribute name="callsite-linenumber" layout="${callsite-linenumber} " />
</layout>
</attribute>
</layout>
</target>
</targets>
<rules>
<logger name="*" minlevel="Info" writeTo="InfoFile" />
<logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="ErrorFile" />
</rules>
</nlog>
在使用过程中发现MinIO的.NET SDK中并没有回显上传进度的地方(如果有请告知),经过一些摸索,在它暴露的日志记录的地方获取到当前上传文件块的编号,通过MVVM的Messenger传递给主程序,主程序接收后计算出当前进度并显示出来。
我们在App.xaml中添加一个启动事件App_OnStartup,在启动的时候初始化一下Nlog,并定义一下MinIO上传时遇到大文件分块的默认值(5MB)
namespace MinIO
{
/// <summary>
/// App.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class App : Application
{
public static NLog.Logger NewNLog;
public static long MinimumPartSize = * 1024L * 1024L;//单次上传文件请求最大5MB private void App_OnStartup(object sender, StartupEventArgs e)
{
NewNLog = NLog.LogManager.GetLogger("MinIOLoger");
}
}
}
在MainWindow.xaml中我们添加一个按钮用来上传文件,一个TextBlock用来显示上传文件信息和进度
<Window x:Class="MinIO.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:MinIO"
mc:Ignorable="d"
DataContext="{Binding FileUploadViewModel,Source={StaticResource Locator}}"
Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" Loaded="MainWindow_OnLoaded">
<Grid>
<Button Content="上传文件" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="47,51,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="ButtonUpload_Click"/>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="47,158,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top">
<Run Text=" 文件名:"></Run>
<Run Text="{Binding Path=FileName}"></Run>
<Run Text=" "></Run> <Run Text="文件大小:"></Run>
<Run Text="{Binding Path=FileSize}"></Run>
<Run Text=" "></Run> <Run Text="上传进度:"></Run>
<Run Text="{Binding Path=UploadProcess}"></Run> </TextBlock> </Grid>
</Window>
同时我们定义一个ViewModel来实现文件上传信息变化时的通知(ViewModel目录中新建一个FileUploadViewModel.cs)
using System.ComponentModel; namespace MinIO.ViewModel
{
public class FileUploadViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private string _filename { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 文件名
/// </summary>
public string FileName
{
get => _filename;
set
{
_filename = value;
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("FileName"));
}
} private long _fileSize { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 文件大小
/// </summary>
public long FileSize
{
get => _fileSize;
set
{
_fileSize = value;
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("FileSize"));
}
} private long _partNumber { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 当前上传块
/// </summary>
public long PartNumber
{
get => _partNumber;
set
{
_partNumber = value;
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("PartNumber"));
}
} private long _totalParts { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 文件全部块数
/// </summary>
public long TotalParts
{
get => _totalParts;
set
{
_totalParts = value;
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("TotalParts"));
}
} private string _uploadProcess { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 上传进度展示
/// </summary>
public string UploadProcess
{
get => _uploadProcess;
set
{
_uploadProcess = value;
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this,new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UploadProcess"));
}
}
}
}
同时为了能让MinIO根据不同的文件类型展示不同的图标,我们还需要建立一个ContentType对应关系类(ContentTypeHelper.cs)
using System.Collections.Generic; namespace MinIO.Helper
{
public static class ContentTypeHelper
{
private static readonly Dictionary<string,string> DictionaryContentType=new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{"default","application/octet-stream"},
{"bmp","application/x-bmp"},
{"doc","application/msword"},
{"docx","application/msword"},
{"exe","application/x-msdownload"},
{"gif","image/gif"},
{"html","text/html"},
{"jpg","image/jpeg"},
{"mp4","video/mpeg4"},
{"mpeg","video/mpg"},
{"mpg","video/mpg"},
{"ppt","application/x-ppt"},
{"pptx","application/x-ppt"},
{"png","image/png"},
{"rar","application/zip"},
{"txt","text/plain"},
{"xls","application/x-xls"},
{"xlsx","application/x-xls"},
{"zip","application/zip"},
};
/// <summary>
/// 根据文件扩展名(不含.)返回ContentType
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileExtension">文件扩展名(不包含.)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetContentType(string fileExtension)
{
return DictionaryContentType.ContainsKey(fileExtension) ? DictionaryContentType[fileExtension] : DictionaryContentType["default"];
}
}
}
我们需要新建一个实现MinIO中IRequestLogger接口的类(LogHelper.cs),用来接收日志信息通过处理日志信息,来计算出当前上传进度信息
using GalaSoft.MvvmLight.Messaging;
using Minio;
using Minio.DataModel.Tracing;
using System.Net; namespace MinIO.Helper
{
public class LogHelper : IRequestLogger
{
public void LogRequest(RequestToLog requestToLog, ResponseToLog responseToLog, double durationMs)
{
if (responseToLog.statusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
foreach (var header in requestToLog.parameters)
{
if (!string.Equals(header.name, "partNumber")) continue;
if(header.value==null) continue;
int.TryParse(header.value.ToString(), out var partNumber);//minio遇到上传文件大于5MB时,会进行分块传输,这里就是当前块的编号(递增)
Messenger.Default.Send(partNumber, "process");//发送给主界面计算上传进度
break;
}
}
}
}
}
在MainWindow初始化的时候初始化MinIO的配置信息,同时用MVVM的Messenger来接收当前上传的块编号,用来计算上传进度。
using GalaSoft.MvvmLight.Messaging;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using Minio;
using Minio.Exceptions;
using MinIO.Helper;
using MinIO.ViewModel;
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows; namespace MinIO
{
/// <summary>
/// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
private static string _endpoint = "192.168.127.131:9000";//minio服务器地址
private static string _accessKey = "minioadmin";//授权登录账号
private static string _secretKey = "minioadmin";//授权登录密码
private static MinioClient _minioClient; public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void MainWindow_OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
_minioClient = new MinioClient(_endpoint, _accessKey, _secretKey);
Messenger.Default.Register<int>(this, "process", obj =>
{
try
{
Debug.WriteLine($"当前块编号:{obj}");
if (obj == )
{
ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.UploadProcess = "0.00%";
return;
}
ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.PartNumber = obj;
ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.UploadProcess =
$"{(float)ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.PartNumber / ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.TotalParts:P2}";//计算文件上传进度
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
App.NewNLog.Error($"计算上传进度时出错:{exception}");
}
});
}
private void ButtonUpload_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var open = new OpenFileDialog
{
CheckFileExists = true,
CheckPathExists = true,
};
if (open.ShowDialog(this) == false)
{
return;
} ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.FileName = open.SafeFileName;
try
{
Dispatcher?.InvokeAsync(async () =>
{
await Run(_minioClient, "test", open.FileName, ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.FileName);
});
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
} private static async Task Run(MinioClient minio, string userBucketName, string uploadFilePath, string saveFileName)
{
var bucketName = userBucketName;
var location = "us-east-1";
var objectName = saveFileName;
var filePath = uploadFilePath;
var contentType = ContentTypeHelper.GetContentType(saveFileName.Substring(saveFileName.LastIndexOf('.') + ));
var file = new FileInfo(uploadFilePath); try
{
var found = await minio.BucketExistsAsync(bucketName);
if (!found)
{
await minio.MakeBucketAsync(bucketName, location);
} _minioClient.SetTraceOn(new LogHelper());//我们在上传开始的时候,打开日志,通过日志抛出的块编号来计算出当前进度 ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.FileSize = file.Length;
ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.TotalParts = file.Length / App.MinimumPartSize + ;//计算出文件总块数 await minio.PutObjectAsync(bucketName, objectName, filePath, contentType);//上传文件
Debug.WriteLine("Successfully uploaded " + objectName); }
catch (MinioException e)
{
App.NewNLog.Error($"File Upload Error: {e}");
Debug.WriteLine($"File Upload Error: {e.Message}");
}
finally
{
_minioClient.SetTraceOff();
}
}
}
}
具体效果如下:
至此,我们实现了CentOS7下安装MinIO,并且在C#客户端下展示文件上传进度的功能。
PS:代码还不完善,少了一个小于5M的时候,直接展示上传成功的代码。