DECLARE @tablename VARCHAR(50)
SET @tablename='表名'

--表描述  
SELECT tbs.name 表名,ds.value 描述   
FROM sys.extended_properties ds  
LEFT JOIN sysobjects tbs ON ds.major_id=tbs.id  
WHERE  ds.minor_id=0  and tbs.name=@tablename ORDER BY tbs.name

--查看表结构  
SELECT  CASE WHEN col.colorder = 1 THEN obj.name  
                  ELSE ''  
             END AS 表名,  
        col.colorder AS 序号 ,  
        col.name AS 列名 ,  
        ISNULL(ep.[value], '') AS 列说明 ,  
        t.name AS 数据类型 ,  
        col.length AS 长度 ,  
        ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数 ,  
        CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√'  
             ELSE ''  
        END AS 标识 ,  
        CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT   1  
                           FROM     dbo.sysindexes si  
                                    INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id  
                                                              AND si.indid = sik.indid  
                                    INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id  
                                                              AND sc.colid = sik.colid  
                                    INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name  
                                                              AND so.xtype = 'PK'  
                           WHERE    sc.id = col.id  
                                    AND sc.colid = col.colid ) THEN '√'  
             ELSE ''  
        END AS 主键 ,  
        CASE WHEN col.isnullable = 1 THEN '√'  
             ELSE ''  
        END AS 允许空 ,  
        ISNULL(comm.text, '') AS 默认值  
FROM    dbo.syscolumns col  
        LEFT  JOIN dbo.systypes t ON col.xtype = t.xusertype  
        inner JOIN dbo.sysobjects obj ON col.id = obj.id  
                                         AND obj.xtype = 'U'  
                                         AND obj.status >= 0  
        LEFT  JOIN dbo.syscomments comm ON col.cdefault = comm.id  
        LEFT  JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON col.id = ep.major_id  
                                                      AND col.colid = ep.minor_id  
                                                      AND ep.name = 'MS_Description'  
        LEFT  JOIN sys.extended_properties epTwo ON obj.id = epTwo.major_id  
                                                         AND epTwo.minor_id = 0  
                                                         AND epTwo.name = 'MS_Description'  
WHERE   obj.name = @tablename 
ORDER BY col.colorder ;
用游标一次性查出

DECLARE @tablename nvarchar(255),@Sql nvarchar(4000)  
DECLARE TName CURSOR FOR  
  
SELECT [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U' ORDER BY name  asc
OPEN TName   
FETCH NEXT FROM TName INTO @tablename  
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN  
    
    --表描述  
SELECT tbs.name 表名,ds.value 描述   
FROM sys.extended_properties ds  
LEFT JOIN sysobjects tbs ON ds.major_id=tbs.id  
WHERE  ds.minor_id=0  and tbs.name=@tablename ORDER BY tbs.name

--查看表结构  
SELECT  CASE WHEN col.colorder = 1 THEN obj.name  
                  ELSE ''  
             END AS 表名,  
        col.colorder AS 序号 ,  
        col.name AS 列名 ,  
        ISNULL(ep.[value], '') AS 列说明 ,  
        t.name AS 数据类型 ,  
        col.length AS 长度 ,  
        ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数 ,  
        CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√'  
             ELSE ''  
        END AS 标识 ,  
        CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT   1  
                           FROM     dbo.sysindexes si  
                                    INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id  
                                                              AND si.indid = sik.indid  
                                    INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id  
                                                              AND sc.colid = sik.colid  
                                    INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name  
                                                              AND so.xtype = 'PK'  
                           WHERE    sc.id = col.id  
                                    AND sc.colid = col.colid ) THEN '√'  
             ELSE ''  
        END AS 主键 ,  
        CASE WHEN col.isnullable = 1 THEN '√'  
             ELSE ''  
        END AS 允许空 ,  
        ISNULL(comm.text, '') AS 默认值  
FROM    dbo.syscolumns col  
        LEFT  JOIN dbo.systypes t ON col.xtype = t.xusertype  
        inner JOIN dbo.sysobjects obj ON col.id = obj.id  
                                         AND obj.xtype = 'U'  
                                         AND obj.status >= 0  
        LEFT  JOIN dbo.syscomments comm ON col.cdefault = comm.id  
        LEFT  JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON col.id = ep.major_id  
                                                      AND col.colid = ep.minor_id  
                                                      AND ep.name = 'MS_Description'  
        LEFT  JOIN sys.extended_properties epTwo ON obj.id = epTwo.major_id  
                                                         AND epTwo.minor_id = 0  
                                                         AND epTwo.name = 'MS_Description'  
WHERE   obj.name = @tablename 
ORDER BY col.colorder ;
    
    FETCH NEXT FROM TName INTO @tablename  
END  
  
CLOSE TName  
DEALLOCATE TName