KVC的全称是Key-Value Coding，俗称“键值编码”，可以通过一个key来访问某个属性

常见的API有

- (void)setValue:(id)value forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath;

- (void)setValue:(id)value forKey:(NSString *)key;

- (id)valueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath;

- (id)valueForKey:(NSString *)key;