[十]SpringBoot 之 普通类获取Spring容器中的bean
我们知道如果我们要在一个类使用spring提供的bean对象,我们需要把这个类注入到spring容器中,交给spring容器进行管理,但是在实际当中,我们往往会碰到在一个普通的Java类中,想直接使用spring提供的其他对象或者说有一些不需要交给spring管理,但是需要用到spring里的一些对象。如果这是spring框架的独立应用程序,我们通过
ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
ac.getBean("beanId");
这样的方式就可以很轻易的获取我们所需要的对象。
但是往往我们所做的都是Web Application,这时我们启动spring容器是通过在web.xml文件中配置,这样就不适合使用上面的方式在普通类去获取对象了,因为这样做就相当于加载了两次spring容器,而我们想是否可以通过在启动web服务器的时候,就把Application放在某一个类中,我们通过这个类在获取,这样就可以在普通类获取spring bean对象了,让我们接着往下看
普通类调用Spring bean对象:
可以参考:http://412887952-qq-com.iteye.com/blog/1479445
这里有更多这方面的介绍,比较详细
下面介绍在springboot中是如何使用的
1.在Spring Boot可以扫描的包下
写的工具类为SpringUtil,实现ApplicationContextAware接口,并加入Component注解,让spring扫描到该bean
springutil:
package me.shijunjie.util; import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class SpringUtil implements ApplicationContextAware { private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
if(SpringUtil.applicationContext == null) {
SpringUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
System.out.println("---------------------------------------------------------------------"); System.out.println("---------------------------------------------------------------------"); System.out.println("---------------me.shijunjie.util.SpringUtil------------------------------------------------------"); System.out.println("========ApplicationContext配置成功,在普通类可以通过调用SpringUtils.getAppContext()获取applicationContext对象,applicationContext="+SpringUtil.applicationContext+"========"); System.out.println("---------------------------------------------------------------------");
} //获取applicationContext
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
return applicationContext;
} //通过name获取 Bean.
public static Object getBean(String name){
return getApplicationContext().getBean(name);
} //通过class获取Bean.
public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> clazz){
return getApplicationContext().getBean(clazz);
} //通过name,以及Clazz返回指定的Bean
public static <T> T getBean(String name,Class<T> clazz){
return getApplicationContext().getBean(name, clazz);
} }
为了测试,我们再启动的时候先通过代码方式给spring容器中注入一个bean,入下所示
package me.shijunjie.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import me.shijunjie.entity.Demo2; @Configuration
public class BeanConfig {
@Bean(name="testDemo")
public Demo2 generateDemo() {
Demo2 demo = new Demo2();
demo.setId(12345);
demo.setName("test");
return demo;
}
}
然后我们编写测试controller,并从刚才写的springutil中获取这个bean
package me.shijunjie.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import me.shijunjie.util.SpringUtil; @RestController
@RequestMapping("/application")
public class TestApplicationController { @RequestMapping("/test1")
public Object testSpringUtil1() {
return SpringUtil.getBean("testDemo");
} }
测试
启动web应用,打开浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/application/test1,测试成功
2 不在Spring Boot的扫描包下方式一
这种情况处理起来也很简单,先编写SpringUtil类,同样需要实现接口:ApplicationContextAware,具体编码如下:
package me.shijunjie.util; import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware; public class SpringUtil2 implements ApplicationContextAware { private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
if(SpringUtil2.applicationContext == null) {
SpringUtil2.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
System.out.println("---------------------------------------------------------------------"); System.out.println("---------------------------------------------------------------------"); System.out.println("---------------me.shijunjie.util.SpringUtil------------------------------------------------------"); System.out.println("========ApplicationContext配置成功,在普通类可以通过调用SpringUtils.getAppContext()获取applicationContext对象,applicationContext="+SpringUtil2.applicationContext+"========"); System.out.println("---------------------------------------------------------------------");
} //获取applicationContext
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
return applicationContext;
} //通过name获取 Bean.
public static Object getBean(String name){
return getApplicationContext().getBean(name);
} //通过class获取Bean.
public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> clazz){
return getApplicationContext().getBean(clazz);
} //通过name,以及Clazz返回指定的Bean
public static <T> T getBean(String name,Class<T> clazz){
return getApplicationContext().getBean(name, clazz);
} }
使用@Bean注解,在App.java类中将SpringUtil注解进
package me.shijunjie.controller; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import me.shijunjie.util.SpringUtil2; @ComponentScan(basePackages={"me.shijunjie"}) // 扫描该包路径下的所有spring组件
/*@EnableJpaRepositories("me.shijunjie.dao") // JPA扫描该包路径下的Repositorie
*//*@EntityScan("me.shijunjie.entity") // 扫描实体类
*/@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class App extends SpringBootServletInitializer{
@Bean
public SpringUtil2 getSpringUtil2() {
return new SpringUtil2();
} public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
测试(使用热部署的需要重启服务器)
启动web应用,打开浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/application/test2,测试成功
除此以外,也可以在App.java中使用@Import进行导入。
package me.shijunjie.controller; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import me.shijunjie.util.SpringUtil2; @ComponentScan(basePackages={"me.shijunjie"}) // 扫描该包路径下的所有spring组件
/*@EnableJpaRepositories("me.shijunjie.dao") // JPA扫描该包路径下的Repositorie
*//*@EntityScan("me.shijunjie.entity") // 扫描实体类
*/@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
@Import(SpringUtil2.class)
public class App extends SpringBootServletInitializer{
/*@Bean
public SpringUtil2 getSpringUtil2() {
return new SpringUtil2();
}*/ public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
跑出结果和上面相同