前言
前面一系列我们纯粹是讲AngularJS，在讲一门知识时我们应该结合之前所学综合起来来做一个小的例子，前面我们讲了在MVC中上传文件的例子，在本节我们讲讲如何利用AngularJS在WebAPi中如何上传，来巩固下WebAPi并结合AngularJS中对应的一些组件学习下。
AngularJS Upload Files for WebAPi
（一）在WebAPi中我们如何获得上传本地文件的物理路径呢？需要实现此类： MultipartFormDataStreamProvider ，从该类中获取上传文件的物理路径并返回。如下：
public class UploadMultipartFormProvider : MultipartFormDataStreamProvider
{
public UploadMultipartFormProvider(string rootPath) : base(rootPath) { } public override string GetLocalFileName(HttpContentHeaders headers)
{
if (headers != null &&
headers.ContentDisposition != null)
{
return headers
.ContentDisposition
.FileName.TrimEnd('"').TrimStart('"');
} return base.GetLocalFileName(headers);
}
}
（二）为避免有些浏览器不支持多个文件上传我们通过实现 ActionFilterAttribute 特性来加以判断，如下：
public class MimeMultipart : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (!actionContext.Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
{
throw new HttpResponseException(
new HttpResponseMessage(
HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType)
);
}
} public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext)
{ }
}
以上两个类为我们在WebAPi中上传提供一个保障。接下来我们需要的是如何利用AngularJS来上传。
在AngularJS中上传需要用到 ng-file-upload 组件，而非 angularFileUpload 组件，在此之前一直是利用angularFileUpload组件，但是后来逐步迁移并且命名为ng-file-upload组件。同时为了一些加载效果如在github中顶部有加载线的过程，决定也在这里实现一下看看【说明：上传过程用到angular-loading-bar（加载）和ng-file-upload（上传）组件】。
脚本
（1）为了重用，我们将加载组件进行封装。
//common.load.js
(function () {
'use strict'; angular
.module('common.load', [
'angular-loading-bar',
'ngAnimate'
]);
})();
（2）启动加载线。
//loadBarCtrl.js
(function (app) {
"use strict"; app.controller("loadCtrl", loadCtrl); function loadCtrl(cfpLoadingBar) {
cfpLoadingBar.start();
} })(angular.module("common.load"));
（3）上传文件代码
//fileUploadCtrl.js
(function (app) {
'use strict'; app.controller('fileUploadCtrl', fileUploadCtrl); fileUploadCtrl.$inject = ['$scope', '$http', '$timeout', 'Upload']; function fileUploadCtrl($scope, $http, $timeout, Upload, cfpLoadingBar) {
$scope.upload = [];
$scope.UploadedFiles = [];
$scope.startUploading = function ($files) {
for (var i = 0; i < $files.length; i++) {
var $file = $files[i];
(function (index) {
$scope.upload[index] = Upload.upload({
url: "/api/upload",
method: "POST",
file: $file,
withCredentials: false
}).progress(function (evt) {
}).success(function (data, status, headers, config) {
$scope.UploadedFiles.push({ FileName: data.FileName, FilePath: data.LocalFilePath, FileLength: data.FileLength });
cfpLoadingBar.complete();
}).error(function (data, status, headers, config) { });
})(i);
}
}
}
})(angular.module("common.load"));
（4）加载主模块以及依赖模块。
//app.js
(function () {
'use strict'; angular
.module('angularUploadApp', [
'ngRoute',
'ngFileUpload',
'common.load'
])
.config(config) config.$inject = ['$routeProvider']; function config($routeProvider) {
$routeProvider
.when('/', {
templateUrl: '../../app/templates/fileUpload.html',
controller: 'fileUploadCtrl'
})
.otherwise({
redirectTo: '/'
});
}
})();
界面
@{
Layout = null;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<link href="~/Content/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="~/Content/loading-bar.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" />
</head>
<body ng-app="angularUploadApp" ng-controller="loadCtrl">
<nav class="navbar navbar-default" role="navigation">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/createmyself">Angular File WebAPi Upload by <i style="color:#2da12d;font-weight:bolder;">xpy0928</i></a>
</div>
<div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<div ng-include src="'../../app/templates/fileUpload.html'"></div>
</div>
<script src="../../Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../Scripts/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../Scripts/angular-animate.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../Scripts/angular-route.js"></script>
<script src="../../app/plugins/loading-bar.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../app/modules/common.load.js"></script>
<script src="../../Scripts/ng-file-upload.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../app/app.js"></script>
<script src="../../app/controllers/loadBarCtrl.js"></script>
<script src="../../app/controllers/fileUploadCtrl.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
模板页：
<div class="row" ng-controller="fileUploadCtrl">
<div class="col-xs-3">
<div>
<input type="file" accept="images/*" ngf-pattern="'.png,.jpg,.gif'" ngf-select="startUploading($files)" multiple>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-9">
<div class="panel-body">
<div class="panel panel-default" ng-repeat="uploadedFile in UploadedFiles track by $index">
<div class="panel-heading">
<strong>{{uploadedFile.FileName}}</strong>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<div class=" media">
<a class="pull-left" href="#">
<img class="media-object" width="100" ng-src="../uploadimages/{{uploadedFile.FileName}}" />
</a>
<div class="media-body">
<div class="lead" style="font-size:14px;color: crimson;width:500px;word-wrap:break-word">{{uploadedFile.FilePath}}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="panel-footer">
图片总字节： <span style="color:black">{{uploadedFile.FileLength}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div> </div>
</div>
后台api服务:
[RoutePrefix("api/upload")]
public class FileUploadController : ApiController
{
[Route("")]
[MimeMultipart]
public async Task<FileUploadResult> Post()
{
var uploadPath = HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath + "UploadImages";
if (!Directory.Exists(uploadPath))
Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadPath);
var multipartFormDataStreamProvider = new UploadMultipartFormProvider(uploadPath);
await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(multipartFormDataStreamProvider);
string _localFileName = multipartFormDataStreamProvider
.FileData.Select(multiPartData => multiPartData.LocalFileName).FirstOrDefault();
return new FileUploadResult
{
LocalFilePath = _localFileName,
FileName = Path.GetFileName(_localFileName),
FileLength = new FileInfo(_localFileName).Length
};
}
}
首先我们来看看例子搭建的结构：
生成界面效果：
下面我们来演示下最终效果：
总结
（1）在WebAPi中用到路由特性时，若在控制器中如 [RoutePrefix("api/upload")] 此时在方法中若未有 [Route("")] 此时在上传的url必须显示添加Post如： url: "/api/upload/post" 若添加则不用显示添加方法名。
（2）在angular中加载模板为
<div ng-include src="''"></div> 【注】：src中要加单引号，否则出错 或者 <div ng-include></div>
（3）对于在WebAPi中上传可以参看此链接，更加详细。
WebAPi：https://github.com/stewartm83/angular-fileupload-sample
对于AngularJS组件中的加载和上传还有更多用法，可以参看如下链接：
ng-file-upload:https://github.com/danialfarid/ng-file-upload
angular-loading-bar:https://github.com/chieffancypants/angular-loading-bar