在 android开发中,listview是比较常用的一个组件,在listview的数据需要更新的时候,一般会用 notifyDataSetChanged()这个函数,但是它会更新listview中所有可视范围内的item,这样对性能肯定会有影响。比较常见的 情景是android应用商店中的下载列表,当我们下载一款游戏的时候,只需要更新这款游戏对应的进度就可以了。本文就来模拟android应用商店的游 戏下载,实现对listview的局部刷新,只实现一个简单的demo,不去真的下载文件。
1. 首先来创建代表应用商店中的app文件的类:AppFile.java,包含了一些基本的属性,源码:
- package com.alexzhou.downloadfile;
- /**
- * author:alexzhou
- * email :zhoujiangbohai@163.com
- * date :2013-1-27
- *
- * 游戏列表中的app文件
- **/
- public class AppFile {
- public int id;
- public String name;
- // app的大小
- public int size;
- // 已下载大小
- public int downloadSize;
- // 下载状态:正常,正在下载,暂停,等待,已下载
- public int downloadState;
- }
2.
由于实际开发时,AppFile的属性比较多,这里创建一个辅助类:DownloadFile.java,代表下载中的文件,源码:
- package com.alexzhou.downloadfile;
- /**
- * author:alexzhou
- * email :zhoujiangbohai@163.com
- * date :2013-1-27
- *
- * 下载的文件
- **/
- public class DownloadFile {
- public int downloadID;
- public int downloadSize;
- public int totalSize;
- public int downloadState;
- }
3.
接下来需要一个下载管理类:DownloadManager.java,它管理所有下载任务。当同时下载很多任务的时候,界面会卡,所以指定只能同时下载
3个任务,每个任务会启动一个线程,这里使用了ExecutorService线程池。当提交了超过三个下载任务时,只执行前3个任务,第四个任务会等到
前面有一个下载完成后再下载,以此类推。这里还用到了android提供的一个工具类SparseArray,它是用来替代HashMap的,性能比
HashMap要好。下面看源码:
- package com.alexzhou.downloadfile;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import android.os.Handler;
- import android.os.Message;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.util.SparseArray;
- /**
- author:alexzhou
- email :zhoujiangbohai@163.com
- date :2013-1-27
- 下载管理
- **/
- public class DownloadManager {
- // 下载状态:正常,暂停,下载中,已下载,排队中
- public static final int DOWNLOAD_STATE_NORMAL = 0x00;
- public static final int DOWNLOAD_STATE_PAUSE = 0x01;
- public static final int DOWNLOAD_STATE_DOWNLOADING = 0x02;
- public static final int DOWNLOAD_STATE_FINISH = 0x03;
- public static final int DOWNLOAD_STATE_WAITING = 0x04;
- // SparseArray是android中替代Hashmap的类,可以提高效率
- private SparseArray<DownloadFile> downloadFiles = new SparseArray<DownloadFile>();
- // 用来管理所有下载任务
- private ArrayList<DownloadTask> taskList = new ArrayList<DownloadTask>();
- private Handler mHandler;
- private final static Object syncObj = new Object();
- private static DownloadManager instance;
- private ExecutorService executorService;
- private DownloadManager()
- {
- // 最多只能同时下载3个任务,其余的任务排队等待
- executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
- }
- public static DownloadManager getInstance()
- {
- if(null == instance)
- {
- synchronized(syncObj) {
- instance = new DownloadManager();
- }
- return instance;
- }
- return instance;
- }
- public void setHandler(Handler handler) {
- this.mHandler = handler;
- }
- // 开始下载,创建一个下载线程
- public void startDownload(DownloadFile file) {
- downloadFiles.put(file.downloadID, file);
- DownloadTask task = new DownloadTask(file.downloadID);
- taskList.add(task);
- executorService.submit(task);
- }
- public void stopAllDownloadTask() {
- while(taskList.size() != 0)
- {
- DownloadTask task = taskList.remove(0);
- // 可以在这里做其他的处理
- task.stopTask();
- }
- // 会停止正在进行的任务和拒绝接受新的任务
- executorService.shutdownNow();
- }
- // 下载任务
- class DownloadTask implements Runnable {
- private boolean isWorking = false;
- private int downloadId;
- public DownloadTask(int id)
- {
- this.isWorking = true;
- this.downloadId = id;
- }
- public void stopTask()
- {
- this.isWorking = false;
- }
- // 更新listview中对应的item
- public void update(DownloadFile downloadFile)
- {
- Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
- if(downloadFile.totalSize == downloadFile.downloadSize)
- downloadFile.downloadState = DOWNLOAD_STATE_FINISH;
- msg.obj = downloadFile;
- msg.sendToTarget();
- }
- public void run() {
- // 更新下载文件的状态
- DownloadFile downloadFile = downloadFiles.get(downloadId);
- downloadFile.downloadState = DOWNLOAD_STATE_DOWNLOADING;
- while(isWorking)
- {
- // 检测是否下载完成
- if(downloadFile.downloadState != DOWNLOAD_STATE_DOWNLOADING)
- {
- downloadFiles.remove(downloadFile.downloadID);
- taskList.remove(this);
- isWorking = false;
- break;
- }
- //Log.e("", "downloadSize="+downloadFile.downloadSize+"; size="+downloadFile.totalSize);
- // 这里只是模拟了下载,每一秒更新一次item的下载状态
- if(downloadFile.downloadSize <= downloadFile.totalSize)
- {
- this.update(downloadFile);
- }
- if(downloadFile.downloadSize < downloadFile.totalSize)
- {
- try {
- Thread.sleep(100);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- downloadFile.downloadState = DOWNLOAD_STATE_PAUSE;
- this.update(downloadFile);
- downloadFiles.remove(downloadId);
- isWorking = false;
- break;
- }
- ++ downloadFile.downloadSize;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
4. 接下来就需要实现listview的adapter了,这里比较重要的一个函数是updateView,这是实现listview局部刷新的关键,通过索引index得到listview中对应位置的子view,然后再更新该view的数据。源码:
- package com.alexzhou.downloadfile;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
- import android.os.Handler;
- import android.os.Message;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.util.SparseArray;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.LinearLayout;
- import android.widget.ListView;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- /**
- author:alexzhou
- email :zhoujiangbohai@163.com
- date :2013-1-27
- app列表的数据适配器
- **/
- public class AppListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
- private SparseArray<AppFile> dataList = null;
- private LayoutInflater inflater = null;
- private Context mContext;
- private DownloadManager downloadManager;
- private ListView listView;
- public AppListAdapter(Context context, SparseArray<AppFile> dataList) {
- this.inflater = (LayoutInflater) context
- .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
- this.dataList = dataList;
- this.mContext = context;
- this.downloadManager = DownloadManager.getInstance();
- this.downloadManager.setHandler(mHandler);
- }
- public void setListView(ListView view)
- {
- this.listView = view;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return dataList.size();
- }
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return dataList.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- // 改变下载按钮的样式
- private void changeBtnStyle(Button btn, boolean enable)
- {
- if(enable)
- {
- btn.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.btn_download_norm);
- }
- else
- {
- btn.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.btn_download_disable);
- }
- btn.setEnabled(enable);
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- final ViewHolder holder;
- if (null == convertView) {
- holder = new ViewHolder();
- convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem_app, null);
- holder.layout = (LinearLayout) convertView
- .findViewById(R.id.gamelist_item_layout);
- holder.icon = (ImageView) convertView
- .findViewById(R.id.app_icon);
- holder.name = (TextView) convertView
- .findViewById(R.id.app_name);
- holder.size = (TextView) convertView
- .findViewById(R.id.app_size);
- holder.btn = (Button) convertView
- .findViewById(R.id.download_btn);
- convertView.setTag(holder);
- } else {
- holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- // 这里position和app.id的值是相等的
- final AppFile app = dataList.get(position);
- //Log.e("", "id="+app.id+", name="+app.name);
- holder.name.setText(app.name);
- holder.size.setText((app.downloadSize * 100.0f / app.size) + "%");
- Drawable drawable = mContext.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.app_icon);
- holder.icon.setImageDrawable(drawable);
- switch(app.downloadState)
- {
- case DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_NORMAL:
- holder.btn.setText("下载");
- this.changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, true);
- break;
- case DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_DOWNLOADING:
- holder.btn.setText("下载中");
- this.changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, false);
- break;
- case DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_FINISH:
- holder.btn.setText("已下载");
- this.changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, false);
- break;
- case DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_WAITING:
- holder.btn.setText("排队中");
- this.changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, false);
- break;
- }
- holder.btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- DownloadFile downloadFile = new DownloadFile();
- downloadFile.downloadID = app.id;
- downloadFile.downloadState = DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_WAITING;
- app.downloadState = DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_WAITING;
- downloadFile.downloadSize = app.downloadSize;
- downloadFile.totalSize = app.size;
- holder.btn.setText("排队中");
- changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, false);
- downloadManager.startDownload(downloadFile);
- }
- });
- return convertView;
- }
- static class ViewHolder {
- LinearLayout layout;
- ImageView icon;
- TextView name;
- TextView size;
- Button btn;
- }
- private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
- public void handleMessage(Message msg)
- {
- DownloadFile downloadFile = (DownloadFile)msg.obj;
- AppFile appFile = dataList.get(downloadFile.downloadID);
- appFile.downloadSize = downloadFile.downloadSize;
- appFile.downloadState = downloadFile.downloadState;
- // notifyDataSetChanged会执行getView函数,更新所有可视item的数据
- //notifyDataSetChanged();
- // 只更新指定item的数据,提高了性能
- updateView(appFile.id);
- }
- };
- // 更新指定item的数据
- private void updateView(int index)
- {
- int visiblePos = listView.getFirstVisiblePosition();
- int offset = index - visiblePos;
- //Log.e("", "index="+index+"visiblePos="+visiblePos+"offset="+offset);
- // 只有在可见区域才更新
- if(offset < 0) return;
- View view = listView.getChildAt(offset);
- final AppFile app = dataList.get(index);
- ViewHolder holder = (ViewHolder)view.getTag();
- //Log.e("", "id="+app.id+", name="+app.name);
- holder.name.setText(app.name);
- holder.size.setText((app.downloadSize * 100.0f / app.size) + "%");
- Drawable drawable = mContext.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.app_icon);
- holder.icon.setImageDrawable(drawable);
- switch(app.downloadState)
- {
- case DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_DOWNLOADING:
- holder.btn.setText("下载中");
- this.changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, false);
- break;
- case DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_FINISH:
- holder.btn.setText("已下载");
- this.changeBtnStyle(holder.btn, false);
- break;
- }
- }
- }
布局文件listitem_app.xml:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/gamelist_item_layout"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:gravity="center_vertical"
- android:background="@drawable/style_listitem_background"
- android:paddingBottom="5dp"
- android:paddingTop="5dp" >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/app_icon"
- android:layout_width="53dip"
- android:layout_height="53dip"
- android:layout_marginLeft="5dip"
- android:adjustViewBounds="false"
- android:padding="5dp" />
- <LinearLayout
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="60dp"
- android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:gravity="center_vertical"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/app_name"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:singleLine="true"
- android:text=""
- android:textColor="#000000"
- android:textSize="13sp" />
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/app_size"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:textColor="#000000"
- android:textSize="10sp" />
- </LinearLayout>
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/download_btn"
- android:layout_width="55dip"
- android:layout_height="30dip"
- android:layout_marginRight="10dip"
- android:background="@drawable/style_btn_download"
- android:focusable="false"
- android:text="@string/download"
- android:textColor="#ffffffff"
- android:textSize="12sp" />
- </LinearLayout>
listview中item样式文件style_listitem_background.xml:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
- <!-- 没有焦点时的背景颜色 -->
- <item android:state_window_focused="false" >
- <shape>
- <gradient
- android:startColor="#ffffff"
- android:endColor="#E3E3E3"
- android:angle="-90" />
- </shape>
- </item>
- <!-- 非触摸模式下获得焦点并单击时的背景颜色 -->
- <item android:state_focused="true" android:state_pressed="true"
- android:drawable="@drawable/bg_listview_item_selected" />
- <!--触摸模式下单击时的背景颜色 -->
- <item android:state_focused="false" android:state_pressed="true"
- android:drawable="@drawable/bg_listview_item_selected" />
- <!--选中时的背景颜色 -->
- <item android:state_selected="true" android:drawable="@drawable/bg_listview_item_selected" />
- <!--获得焦点时的背景 颜色-->
- <item android:state_focused="true" android:drawable="@drawable/bg_listview_item_selected" />
- </selector>
item中的button样式文件style_btn_download.xml:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
- <item android:state_pressed="true"
- android:drawable="@drawable/btn_download_pressed" />
- <item android:drawable="@drawable/btn_download_norm" />
- </selector>
字符文件strings.xml:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <resources>
- <string name="app_name">AndroidDownloadFile</string>
- <string name="download">下载</string>
- </resources>
5. 最后创建MainActivity.java,源码:
- package com.alexzhou.downloadfile;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.SparseArray;
- import android.widget.ListView;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity
- {
- private SparseArray<AppFile> appList = new SparseArray<AppFile>();
- private ListView listView;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
- {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- initData();
- initUI();
- }
- private void initData()
- {
- for(int i =0; i<20; i++)
- {
- AppFile app = new AppFile();
- app.name = "快玩游戏--" + (i+1);
- app.size = 100;
- app.id = i;
- app.downloadState = DownloadManager.DOWNLOAD_STATE_NORMAL;
- app.downloadSize = 0;
- appList.put(app.id, app);
- }
- }
- private void initUI()
- {
- listView = (ListView)this.findViewById(R.id.listview);
- AppListAdapter adapter = new AppListAdapter(this, appList);
- adapter.setListView(listView);
- listView.setAdapter(adapter);
- }
- @Override
- protected void onDestroy() {
- super.onDestroy();
- DownloadManager.getInstance().stopAllDownloadTask();
- }
- }
布局文件activity_main.xml:
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- >
- <ListView
- android:id="@+id/listview"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:fastScrollEnabled="true"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
到此为止,代码部分已经全部完成了,下面来看看最终效果图:
这里对比一下分别使用updateView和notifyDataSetChanged时,有什么不一样,看看打印日志:
(1)使用notifyDataSetChanged时,listview可视范围内的所有子项都更新了。
(2)使用updateView时,只更新了指定的子项。
实例源码地址
: http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=229182&uk=167811495
转载请注明来自:Alex
Zhou的程序世界,本文链接:http://codingnow.cn/Android/1059.html